礉

礉 U+7909, 礉 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7909 ← 礈 [U+7908] CJK Unified Ideographs 礊 → [U+790A]

Translingual

Han character

礉 (Kangxi radical 112, 石+13, 18 strokes, Cangjie input 一口竹尸大 (MRHSK), four-corner 1864₀, composition ⿰石敫)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 837, character 15
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 24508
• Dae Jaweon: page 1254, character 18
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2460, character 1
• Unihan data for U+7909

Chinese

simp. and trad.		礉

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (敫) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
礉	*kʰreːw, *kʰreːwɢs
邀	*qlew, *kleːw
憿	*kleːw
徼	*kleːw, *kleːwɢs
儌	*kleːwʔ, *kleːwʔ
璬	*kleːwʔ
皦	*kleːwʔ
繳	*kleːwʔ, *kljewɢ, *ɡreːɡ
敫	*kleːwɢs, *ɢlewɢ, *kleːwɢ
譥	*kleːwɢs
激	*kleːwɢs, *kleːwɢ
噭	*kleːwɢs
獥	*kleːwɢs, *kleːwɢ, *ɡleːwɢ
鸄	*kleːwɢs, *kleːwɢ, *ɡleːwɢ
墽	*kʰleːw
竅	*kʰleːwɢs
覈	*ɡleːd, *ɡreːɡ
燩	*kʰreːwɢ, *kʰleːwɢ
檄	*ɡleːwɢ
薂	*ɡleːwɢ

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): hé, qiāo, qiào (he², qiao¹, qiao⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄏㄜˊ, ㄑㄧㄠ, ㄑㄧㄠˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): hat⁶

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: hé
    • Zhuyin: ㄏㄜˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: hé
    • Wade–Giles: ho²
    • Yale: hé
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: her
    • Palladius: хэ (xɛ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /xɤ³⁵/
      
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: qiāo
    • Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄠ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: ciao
    • Wade–Giles: chʻiao¹
    • Yale: chyāu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chiau
    • Palladius: цяо (cjao)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵/
      
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: qiào
    • Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄠˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: ciào
    • Wade–Giles: chʻiao⁴
    • Yale: chyàu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chiaw
    • Palladius: цяо (cjao)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: hat⁶
    • Yale: haht
    • Cantonese Pinyin: hat⁹
    • Guangdong Romanization: hed⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hɐt̚²/

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• Middle Chinese: khaew, khaewH

Rime
Character	礉	礉
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	溪 (29)	溪 (29)
Final (韻)	肴 (90)	肴 (90)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	II	II
Fanqie	口交切	苦敎切
Baxter	khaew	khaewH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kʰˠau/	/kʰˠauH/
Pan Wuyun	/kʰᵚau/	/kʰᵚauH/
Shao Rongfen	/kʰau/	/kʰauH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kʰaɨw/	/kʰaɨwH/
Li Rong	/kʰau/	/kʰauH/
Wang Li	/kʰau/	/kʰauH/
Bernhard Karlgren	/kʰau/	/kʰauH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	qiāo	qiào
Expected Cantonese Reflex	haau1	haau3

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*kʰreːw/, /*kʰreːwɢs/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	礉	礉
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	6380	6381
Phonetic component	敫	敫
Rime group	宵	豹
Rime subdivision	2	2
Corresponding MC rime	敲	敲
Old Chinese	/*kʰreːw/	/*kʰreːwɢs/
Notes	同䂭

Definitions

礉

1. severe; harsh

Compounds

• 慘礉 / 惨礉