自勉

Chinese

		from; self; oneself from; self; oneself; since	exhort
simp. and trad. (自勉)		自	勉

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): zìmiǎn

  (Zhuyin): ㄗˋ ㄇㄧㄢˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): zi⁶ min⁵

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: zìmiǎn
    • Zhuyin: ㄗˋ ㄇㄧㄢˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: zìhmiǎn
    • Wade–Giles: tzŭ⁴-mien³
    • Yale: dz̀-myǎn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzyhmean
    • Palladius: цзымянь (czymjanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sz̩⁵¹ mi̯ɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: zi⁶ min⁵
    • Yale: jih míhn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzi⁶ min⁵
    • Guangdong Romanization: ji⁶ min⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡siː²² miːn¹³/

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• Middle Chinese: dzijH mjenX

Rime
Character	自	勉
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	從 (15)	明 (4)
Final (韻)	脂 (15)	仙 (79)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	疾二切	亡辨切
Baxter	dzijH	mjenX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/d͡ziɪH/	/mˠiᴇnX/
Pan Wuyun	/d͡ziH/	/mᵚiɛnX/
Shao Rongfen	/d͡zjɪH/	/miænX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/d͡ziH/	/mianX/
Li Rong	/d͡ziH/	/mjɛnX/
Wang Li	/d͡ziH/	/mĭɛnX/
Bernard Karlgren	/d͡zʱiH/	/mi̯ɛnX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zì	miǎn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zi6	min5

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*s.[b]i[t]-s  mr[o][r]ʔ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ɦljids  mronʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	自	勉
Reading #	1/2	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zì	miǎn
Middle Chinese	‹ dzijH ›	‹ mjenX ›
Old Chinese	/*s.[b]i[t]-s/	/*mr[o][r]ʔ/
English	self (adv.)	make an effort
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	自	勉
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	17879	9068
Phonetic component	自	免
Rime group	至	元
Rime subdivision	1	3
Corresponding MC rime	自	免
Old Chinese	/*ɦljids/	/*mronʔ/

Verb

自勉

1. to encourage oneself