旃荼羅

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Chinese

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phonetic
trad. (旃荼羅)
simp. (旃荼罗)

Etymology

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Phonetic borrowing from Sanskrit चण्डाल (caṇḍāla), Pali caṇḍāla. Chiefly attested in Buddhist literature.

Pronunciation

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Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1 3/3 1/1
Initial () (23) (11) (37)
Final () (77) (98) (94)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Level (Ø) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open Open Open
Division () III II I
Fanqie
Baxter tsyen drae la
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/t͡ɕiᴇn/ /ɖˠa/ /lɑ/
Pan
Wuyun
/t͡ɕiɛn/ /ɖᵚa/ /lɑ/
Shao
Rongfen
/t͡ɕjæn/ /ȡa/ /lɑ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/cian/ /ɖaɨ/ /la/
Li
Rong
/t͡ɕiɛn/ /ȡa/ /lɑ/
Wang
Li
/t͡ɕĭɛn/ /ȡa/ /lɑ/
Bernard
Karlgren
/t͡ɕi̯ɛn/ /ȡʱa/ /lɑ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
zhān chá luó
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
zin1 caa4 lo4

Noun

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旃荼羅

  1. (historical, ancient India) outcast; caṇḍāla (person an ostracised social stratum)