ꜥš

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Egyptian

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Etymology 1

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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a
S
A2

 2-lit.

  1. (intransitive with n or r or transitive) to summon (someone), to call (someone) over
  2. (intransitive, with n or r) to call out to (someone)
  3. (intransitive, with n or r) to call on (a god) for aid, to invoke
  4. (transitive, Late Egyptian) to specify, to provide (a name), to name names
  5. (transitive, Late Egyptian) to read (something) aloud [since the 19th Dynasty]
Inflection
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Alternative forms
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Allen considers the form jꜣš a Middle Kingdom development, with the ayin having become a glottal stop;[1] however, this is in fact the earlier attested variant, and all writings until the 18th Dynasty have either instead of or (less commonly) alongside . The word only became common in the New Kingdom, however, so that the later renderings as ꜥš are by far the more common variants.

Derived terms
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Descendants
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  • Demotic: ꜥš
    • Akhmimic Coptic: ⲱϣ (ōš)
    • Bohairic Coptic: ⲱϣ (ōš)
    • Fayyumic Coptic: ⲱϣ (ōš)
    • Lycopolitan Coptic: ⲱϣ (ōš)
    • Sahidic Coptic: ⲱϣ (ōš)

Noun

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a
S
A2

 m

  1. call, summons
Inflection
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Alternative forms
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See under the verb above.

Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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a
S
M41

 m

  1. a kind of coniferous tree whose wood and resin were used medicinally, traditionally rendered as ‘cedar’, likely the Cilician fir (Abies cilicica) [since the Old Kingdom]
  2. the wood of this tree
Inflection
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Alternative forms
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Noun

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a
S
Aa2W1

 m

  1. the resin of the ꜥš-tree
    Synonym: sfṯ
Derived terms
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Etymology 3

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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a
S
W23

 m

  1. (Late Egyptian) beer jug
Inflection
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Alternative forms
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References

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  1. ^ Allen, James Peter (2015) Middle Egyptian Literature: Eight Literary Works of the Middle Kingdom, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 47