-ska

See also: ska, SKA, and skA

Finnish

Etymology 1

Probably -s +‎ -(k)ka.

Suffix

-ska (front vowel harmony variant -skä, linguistic notation -skA)

Forms diminutive nouns.

Derived terms

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Swedish -ska, as used in older Swedish as a suffix used to derive feminine nouns (such as sångare → sångerska, major → majorska).

Suffix

-ska (front vowel harmony variant -skä, linguistic notation -skA) (colloquial, archaic)

(now humoristic) Used to transform husband's family name or title to a term for addressing or speaking of a married woman. Used especially with family names ending with -nen and titles ending -ri.
‎Virtanen + ‎-ska → ‎Virtaska

‎pastori + ‎-ska → ‎pastorska

‎kamreeri + ‎-ska → ‎kamreerska

Anagrams

-kas, SAK, kas

Icelandic

Etymology 1

Suffix

-ska f (noun-forming suffix, genitive singular -sku, no plural)

forms names of languages from countries or demonyms
‎Japan (“Japan”) + ‎-ska → ‎japanska (“Japanese”)

‎Úkraína (“Ukraine”) + ‎-ska → ‎úkraínska (“Ukrainian”)

‎Laos (“Laos”) + ‎-ska → ‎laoska (“Lao, Laotian”)

Declension

Declension of *-ska* (sg-only feminine)
	singular
	indefinite	definite
nominative	-ska	-skan
accusative	-sku	-skuna
dative	-sku	-skunni
genitive	-sku	-skunnar

Derived terms

-eska, -neska, -íska, -verska

Etymology 2

Suffix

-ska f (noun-forming suffix, genitive singular -sku, no plural)

forms abstract nouns from nouns, verbs and adjectives
‎illur (“evil”) + ‎-ska → ‎illska (“evil”)

‎gleyma (“to forget”) + ‎-ska → ‎gleymska (“forgetfulness”)

‎heimur (“world”) (originally “abode, home”) + ‎-ska → ‎heimska (“stupidity”) (originally “naiveté, the state of not leaving one's home much”)

Declension

Declension of *-ska* (sg-only feminine)
	singular
	indefinite	definite
nominative	-ska	-skan
accusative	-sku	-skuna
dative	-sku	-skunni
genitive	-sku	-skunnar

Derived terms

-mennska

Lower Sorbian

Etymology 1

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Suffix

-ska f

used to form the names of countries and regions

Derived terms

Lower Sorbian terms suffixed with -ska

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Suffix

-ska

nominative feminine singular of -ski

Polish

	A user has added this entry to requests for deletion⁽⁺⁾.
	Please see that page for discussion and justifications. You may continue to edit this entry while the discussion proceeds, but please mention significant edits at the RFD discussion and ensure that the intention of votes already cast is not left unclear. Do not remove the `{{rfd}}` until the debate has finished.

Etymology 1

Coalesced from Proto-Slavic *-ьskaja (definite feminine relational adjective suffix). Cognate with Czech -ská, Slovak -ská; Belarusian -ская (-skaja), -ска́я (-skája); etc.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ska/
Rhymes: -a
Syllabification: -ska
Homophone: ska

Suffix

-ska

feminine nominative singular of -ski
forms surnames

Alternative forms

-cka, -zka

Derived terms

Category Polish terms suffixed with -ska not found

Descendants

→ English: -ska
⇒ Ukrainian: -ська (-sʹka), -ська́ (-sʹká); (after -л- (-l-)) -ьска (-ʹska), -ьська́ (-ʹsʹká) (influenced)
⇒ Carpathian Rusyn: -ьска (-ʹska), -ьска́ (-ʹská); (after a labial consonant) -ска (-ska), -ска́ (-ská) (influenced)

Etymology 2

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-ьska (genitive).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ska/
Rhymes: -a
Syllabification: -ska

Suffix

-ska

masculine genitive singular of -sk

Slovak

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ska/

Adjective

-ska

feminine nominative singular of -sky

Swedish

Etymology

From Old Swedish -ska, from Middle Low German -sche.

Suffix

-ska f

Signifies a female (particularly after professions and nationalities); -ess
en spanjor och spanjorska ― a Spaniard and Spaniardess

en kassör och kassörska ― a cashier and cashieress
(historical) Added to the husband's occupation title to form a courtesy title for the wife or widow.
en direktörska ― a wife of a director (literally, “a directoress”)

en kaptenska ― a wife of a captain (literally, “a captainess”)
Denotes that the object is related to the aforementioned person or family; -ian, of
Sahlgrenska Universitetssjukhuset
The Sahlgrenian University Hospital (named after Niclas Sahlgren)

Callanderska gården
The Callanderian estate (named after Sofia Nordvaeger, née Callander)
- 1815 August 9, N. S. Colliander, “Allmän Kungörelse [Publick Notice]”, in Wexiö Tidning, number 61, page 4:
  Till Gyllenpalmska Famillen hafva sedan sista redovisning influtit: En skärf från 2:ne Enkor till den fattiga famillen. Många bäckar små göra en stor å, 2 R:dr R:gd d. 17 Juli 1815.
  Unto the Family of Gyllenpalm hath since the last account been received: A small gift from two widows to the poor family. Many a little makes a mickle, 2 Rixdollars, the 17th of July, 1815.
  (literally, “Unto the Gyllenpalmian Family […] ”)

Usage notes

In older practice, a husband's title suffixed with -ska formed a title for his wife. For example, the wife of a captain (kapten) would be a kaptenska ("captainess"). This practice gradually began dying out around the 1950s. See the article on du-reformen on Wikipedia for more information.

Derived terms

References

-ska in Elof Hellquist, Svensk etymologisk ordbok (1st ed., 1922)