Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/gʷíh₃weti
Proto-Indo-European
Etymology
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Apparently from the adjective *gʷih₃wós, from *gʷeyh₃-.
However, Gąsiorowski (2006)[1] takes this verb to be an irregular dissimilation of *gʷígʷwe-, an isolated reduplicating thematic present from a lost *gʷew- ?'move' with an o-grade root noun in *gʷṓws.
Verb
*gʷíh₃weti (imperfective)[2]
Inflection
Imperfective, thematic, active only | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
3rd singular | *gʷíh₃weti | ||||
3rd plural | *gʷíh₃wonti | ||||
Active voice | Present indicative | Past indicative | Imperative | Subjunctive | Optative |
1st singular | *gʷíh₃woh₂ | *gʷíh₃wom | — | *gʷíh₃wōh₂ | *gʷíh₃woyh₁m̥ |
2nd singular | *gʷíh₃wesi | *gʷíh₃wes | *gʷíh₃we | *gʷíh₃wēsi | *gʷíh₃woys |
3rd singular | *gʷíh₃weti | *gʷíh₃wet | *gʷíh₃wetu | *gʷíh₃wēti | *gʷíh₃woyt |
1st dual | *gʷíh₃wowos | *gʷíh₃wowe | — | *gʷíh₃wōwos | *gʷíh₃woywe |
2nd dual | *gʷíh₃wetes | *gʷíh₃wetom | *gʷíh₃wetom | *gʷíh₃wētes | *gʷíh₃woytom |
3rd dual | *gʷíh₃wetes | *gʷíh₃wetām | *gʷíh₃wetām | *gʷíh₃wētes | *gʷíh₃woytām |
1st plural | *gʷíh₃womos | *gʷíh₃wome | — | *gʷíh₃wōmos | *gʷíh₃woyme |
2nd plural | *gʷíh₃wete | *gʷíh₃wete | *gʷíh₃wete | *gʷíh₃wēte | *gʷíh₃woyte |
3rd plural | *gʷíh₃wonti | *gʷíh₃wont | *gʷíh₃wontu | *gʷíh₃wōnti | *gʷíh₃woyh₁n̥t |
Participle | *gʷíh₃wonts |
Descendants
- Proto-Balto-Slavic: *gīˀwetei
- Celtic:
- Proto-Hellenic: *ďṓwō (< *gʷyṓw-ō < *gʷíh₃w-oh₂)
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *ǰíHwati (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Italic: *gʷīwō
- Latin: vīvō
- Tocharian: (from *gwíh₃-ō)
References
- ^ http://www.academia.edu/1499772/The_Meaning_of_Life_PIE_g_ih_u_
- ^ Ringe, Donald (2006) From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic (A Linguistic History of English; 1)[1], Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN