User:RichardW57/WIP

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Work in Progress[edit]

Intobesa Repair[edit]

Fixing generally poor formatting (the documentation on Wiktionary is hard enough for a native English speaker) and sometimes outrageous modifications. This was requested at WT:RFC#Entries by User:咽頭べさ, in the October 2022 section. His works are recorded in Special:Contributions/咽頭べさ. The list is pruned to omit discussion and earlier edits of the same page.

A blank cell for Status/TODO should be interpreted as 'Review'. Ideally, when the job is done, the Status will be 'OK'.

Date Word Done at edit Status / TODO Work done by me
List extracted 19 October 2022
11:33, 11 October 2022 diff hist −5‎ အုပ် ‎No edit summary Tag: Reverted Review etymology. Attribute examples.
10:25, 11 October 2022 diff hist +222‎ တိုက် ‎No edit summary Tag: new-L2 OK RfV on Old Mon
09:19, 11 October 2022 diff hist +5‎ တန် ‎No edit summary Lack evidence for some forms. Can't fix. Consistently organised by etymology. Attributed examples. Added mentions where possible.
08:05, 11 October 2022 diff hist +270‎ N ပ္ညဳ ‎ Created page OK Added doublet, mentions, and etymology.
08:00, 11 October 2022 diff hist +77‎ ပ္ညဳပ္ညပ် ‎No edit summary OK Tinkered
07:32, 11 October 2022 diff hist +85‎ အနာဂါံ ‎No edit summary current OK Rewrote etymology and repaired first gloss. Added reference.
07:17, 11 October 2022 diff hist −1‎ အရဳ ‎No edit summary current OK Normalised etymology
20:27, 10 October 2022 diff hist +58‎ အသုၚ် ‎No edit summary current OK None
20:23, 10 October 2022 diff hist +246‎ အသံ ‎No edit summary current OK Simplified transliteration. Absorbed second sense into first. Made plant a separate entry. Allocated references. Attributed example.
20:07, 10 October 2022 diff hist +62‎ ၜိၚ် ‎No edit summary current OK None
19:46, 10 October 2022 diff hist +9‎ ၜါ ‎No edit summary current Templatise Jenny ref. None
19:38, 10 October 2022 diff hist +105‎ ၜါစှော် ‎No edit summary current Soften link. Add references. Correct transliteration. Add etymology (surface at least).
19:28, 10 October 2022 diff hist +175‎ N ၜဳဒူ ‎ Created page Needs references. Can't fix. Linked gloss almirah.
19:27, 10 October 2022 diff hist −87‎ ၜဳဒဵု ‎No edit summary current Review against physical Shorto. Apparent triplet with the above. None
19:19, 10 October 2022 diff hist +59‎ ၜေါ ‎No edit summary current OK None
19:11, 10 October 2022 diff hist +89‎ အဟာန် ‎No edit summary current
18:50, 10 October 2022 diff hist −4‎ အမှဲ ‎No edit summary current
18:45, 10 October 2022 diff hist +316‎ အာကာသ ‎No edit summary Tag: new-L2
18:38, 10 October 2022 diff hist +59‎ အကး ‎No edit summary current
18:34, 10 October 2022 diff hist 0‎ အာကာသ် ‎No edit summary current
18:24, 10 October 2022 diff hist +80‎ အုက် ‎No edit summary
18:15, 10 October 2022 diff hist +65‎ အိက် ‎No edit summary current
18:06, 10 October 2022 diff hist +45‎ အေရှာ ‎No edit summary current
18:04, 10 October 2022 diff hist +29‎ N အေရှ ‎ 咽頭べさ moved page အေရှ to အေရှာ current Tag: New redirect
18:04, 10 October 2022 diff hist 0‎ m အေရှာ ‎ 咽頭べさ moved page အေရှ to အေရှာ
18:04, 10 October 2022 diff hist −10‎ အေရှာ ‎No edit summary
17:56, 10 October 2022 diff hist +68‎ အောဟ် ‎No edit summary current
17:51, 10 October 2022 diff hist +63‎ အုပ် ‎No edit summary
17:49, 10 October 2022 diff hist −68‎ ဥပ် ‎No edit summary current
17:40, 10 October 2022 diff hist +501‎ ဥပမာ ‎No edit summary current
17:28, 10 October 2022 diff hist +62‎ အံၚ် ‎No edit summary
17:19, 10 October 2022 diff hist +272‎ ဥပဒေ ‎No edit summary Tag: new-L2
17:11, 10 October 2022 diff hist +193‎ N အ္စာဥပဒေ ‎ Created page
17:05, 10 October 2022 diff hist +9‎ ဥပဒေသ် ‎No edit summary current
16:55, 10 October 2022 diff hist +262‎ N ဥတုက္ညၚ် ‎ Created page
16:40, 10 October 2022 diff hist +61‎ ဥတု ‎No edit summary
16:36, 10 October 2022 diff hist +9‎ ဣသိ ‎No edit summary current
16:31, 10 October 2022 diff hist +70‎ အိန်ထံၚ် ‎No edit summary current
16:29, 10 October 2022 diff hist +38‎ N ဣန်ထံၚ် mnw|ဣန်ထံၚ်}} to {l|mnw|အိန်ထံၚ်}} current Tag: New redirect
16:29, 10 October 2022 diff hist 0‎ m အိန်ထံၚ် mnw|ဣန်ထံၚ်}} to {l|mnw|အိန်ထံၚ်}}
16:28, 10 October 2022 diff hist +304‎ N အိန် ‎ Created page
16:17, 10 October 2022 diff hist −70‎ ဣန် ‎No edit summary current
15:36, 10 October 2022 diff hist +56‎ ရုဲ ‎No edit summary
15:28, 10 October 2022 diff hist +23‎ N ရဲု ‎ 咽頭べさ moved page ရဲု to ရုဲ Tag: New redirect
11:10, 10 October 2022 diff hist +56‎ တီ ‎No edit summary
11:09, 10 October 2022 diff hist +56‎ တိ ‎No edit summary current
11:08, 10 October 2022 diff hist +59‎ တာဲ ‎No edit summary
11:07, 10 October 2022 diff hist +56‎ တု ‎No edit summary current
11:06, 10 October 2022 diff hist +62‎ တာန် ‎No edit summary
11:05, 10 October 2022 diff hist +68‎ တၚ်လာဲ ‎No edit summary
11:04, 10 October 2022 diff hist +59‎ တဵု ‎No edit summary current
22:07, 9 October 2022 diff hist +471‎ ဟုတ် ‎No edit summary Tag: new-L2
10:00, 9 October 2022 diff hist +1‎ တု ‎No edit summary
09:57, 9 October 2022 diff hist +1,662‎ တီ ‎No edit summary
09:33, 9 October 2022 diff hist +506‎ တိုက် ‎No edit summary
09:18, 9 October 2022 diff hist +387‎ တာန် ‎No edit summary
08:53, 9 October 2022 diff hist +2‎ တခဳ ‎No edit summary current
08:45, 9 October 2022 diff hist −36‎ တၚ်လာဲ ‎No edit summary
08:42, 9 October 2022 diff hist +32‎ N တၚ်လဲာ ‎ 咽頭べさ moved page တၚ်လဲာ to တၚ်လာဲ current Tag: New redirect
08:42, 9 October 2022 diff hist 0‎ m တၚ်လာဲ ‎ 咽頭べさ moved page တၚ်လဲာ to တၚ်လာဲ
22:32, 8 October 2022 diff hist +9‎ တံၚ်ဒဇဵု ‎No edit summary current
22:31, 8 October 2022 diff hist +244‎ N တံၚ်ဒဇဵု ‎ Created page
22:25, 8 October 2022 diff hist −234‎ တံၚ်ဂဇဵု ‎No edit summary current
22:19, 8 October 2022 diff hist +185‎ တဵု ‎No edit summary
22:07, 8 October 2022 diff hist +29‎ တော် ‎No edit summary
21:57, 8 October 2022 diff hist +16‎ တာဲ ‎No edit summary
21:54, 8 October 2022 diff hist +23‎ N {တဲာ mnw|တဲာ to တာဲ current Tag: New redirect
21:54, 8 October 2022 diff hist 0‎ m တာဲ ‎ 咽頭べさ moved page တဲာ to တာဲ
21:39, 8 October 2022 diff hist +115‎ N ကှ်ခြံက် ‎ Created page
21:25, 8 October 2022 diff hist −115‎ ခြံက် ‎No edit summary
20:02, 8 October 2022 diff hist +1,003‎ Module talk:mnw-translit/testcases ‎No edit summary
19:20, 8 October 2022 diff hist +1,979‎ တၟံ ‎No edit summary OK Cited Halliday for 'mountain'.
17:43, 8 October 2022 diff hist +1,134‎ User talk:Hintha ‎No edit summary
17:10, 8 October 2022 diff hist +272‎ ကျေနာန် ‎No edit summary current
17:01, 8 October 2022 diff hist +35‎ N ကျေဏာန် ‎ 咽頭べさ moved page ကျေဏာန် to ကျေနာန် current Tag: New redirect
17:01, 8 October 2022 diff hist 0‎ m ကျေနာန် ‎ 咽頭べさ moved page ကျေဏာန် to ကျေနာန်
21:04, 7 October 2022 diff hist +1‎ ဒြုန် ‎No edit summary
20:57, 7 October 2022 diff hist +203‎ ပ္ညဳပ္ညပ် ‎No edit summary
08:13, 7 October 2022 diff hist +59‎ ကာဲ ‎No edit summary
07:14, 6 October 2022 diff hist −69‎ ခရံ ‎No edit summary current
06:56, 6 October 2022 diff hist +57‎ ကာဲ ‎No edit summary Tag: new-L2
06:51, 6 October 2022 diff hist +23‎ N ကဲာ ‎ 咽頭べさ moved page ကဲာ to ကာဲ current Tag: New redirect
06:51, 6 October 2022 diff hist 0‎ m ကာဲ ‎ 咽頭べさ moved page ကဲာ to ကာဲ
06:33, 6 October 2022 diff hist +495‎ N ဍေန် ‎ Created page
05:53, 6 October 2022 diff hist +524‎ WT:RFVN ‎ →‎ဗနိက်: Reply Tags: Reply Source
11:57, 5 October 2022 diff hist −3‎ ဗနိက် ‎No edit summary Tag: Reverted
11:53, 5 October 2022 diff hist +366‎ WT:RFDO ‎ →‎ဗနိက်: Reply Tags: Reply Source
11:18, 5 October 2022 diff hist +67‎ မာန် ‎No edit summary current
11:05, 5 October 2022 diff hist +4,140‎ မာန် ‎No edit summary
21:45, 2 October 2022 diff hist +80‎ ကအ် ‎No edit summary current
21:41, 2 October 2022 diff hist +59‎ ကဝ် ‎No edit summary
21:40, 2 October 2022 diff hist +65‎ ကလေၚ် ‎No edit summary current
21:37, 2 October 2022 diff hist +59‎ ကဝိ ‎No edit summary current
21:36, 2 October 2022 diff hist +348‎ ကဝက် ‎No edit summary current
21:24, 2 October 2022 diff hist +65‎ ကလာထေၚ် ‎No edit summary current
21:20, 2 October 2022 diff hist +104‎ ဇိပ် ‎No edit summary current
21:15, 2 October 2022 diff hist +83‎ ကလတ် ‎No edit summary
21:12, 2 October 2022 diff hist +86‎ ကရုဏာ ‎No edit summary current
21:09, 2 October 2022 diff hist +80‎ ကယျာ ‎No edit summary
21:09, 2 October 2022 diff hist +80‎ ကယာ ‎No edit summary
21:06, 2 October 2022 diff hist +80‎ ကမာ ‎No edit summary current
21:03, 2 October 2022 diff hist +83‎ ကမက် ‎No edit summary current
20:59, 2 October 2022 diff hist +95‎ ကပ် ‎No edit summary current
20:49, 2 October 2022 diff hist +65‎ ကပလှု ‎No edit summary current
20:08, 2 October 2022 diff hist +56‎ စဲ ‎No edit summary current
19:59, 2 October 2022 diff hist +68‎ ကထိုန် ‎No edit summary
19:52, 2 October 2022 diff hist +154‎ ကတ် ‎No edit summary
19:43, 2 October 2022 diff hist +119‎ ကတာ ‎No edit summary current
19:37, 2 October 2022 diff hist +68‎ ကတပံင် ‎No edit summary current
19:29, 2 October 2022 diff hist +65‎ ကဆံၚ် ‎No edit summary current
19:23, 2 October 2022 diff hist +445‎ ကၚ် ‎No edit summary current
19:03, 2 October 2022 diff hist −1‎ புத்தி ‎No edit summary current
19:03, 2 October 2022 diff hist +65‎ ကကနန် ‎No edit summary current
19:00, 2 October 2022 diff hist +140‎ စိန် ‎No edit summary
18:46, 2 October 2022 diff hist +143‎ ခံ ‎No edit summary current
18:11, 2 October 2022 diff hist +1,469‎ WT:RFDO ‎No edit summary
11:09, 2 October 2022 diff hist +360‎ N ဆာန်လာန် ‎ Created page
08:38, 1 October 2022 diff hist +42‎ احوال ‎No edit summary OK None
Next youngest is 29 September 2022.
Extras or Specific Requests
09:16, 10 July 2022 ကရေင် No edit summary Was WT:RFC#ကရေင်, but now OK. Isolated and challenged verb. Remove etymology - Eugenia is probably a coincidence. Moved information on derived term to separate lemmas.

Mon Encoding[edit]

Mon is bedevilled by an inconsistency in encoding. Renderers vary in what they will accept. There are three different specifications as to what sequences they will accept, as shown in the table below. The three specifications are:

  1. Table 16.4 of the Unicode Specification[1] (denoted USMB in the table below), which strictly speaking only applies to modern Burmese.
  2. Unicode Technical Note 11,[2] which is not formally endorsed by the Unicode Consortium.
  3. the MicroSoft Typography guide for font creators,[3] designated MS in the table below. This is somewhat corrupt[4]. With seven red asterisks added to make the structure plausible, it gives the structure of the complex syllable as
    [K] <C | IV | D | GB>[VS]
    (H <C | IV> [VS])* (As)*
    [MY [As]]
    [MR]
    [<MW [As] | [MW] MH [As]>]
    (VPre)* (VAbv)* (VBlw)* (A)* [DB [As]]
    (VPst [MH] (As)* (VAbv)* (A)* [DB [As]])*
    (PT < [A] [DB] [As] | [As] [A] > )*
    (V)* [J]

Alternative specifications and rendering results are given below:

Word Encoding result here Specification Padauk with Harf­Buzz Displayer
USMB MS UTN-11 V4 Firefox Linux MS Edge WV10 MS Word 20xx iPhone
ရုဲ 101B
102F
1032

ရုဲ N N N
101B
1032
102F
ရဲု N N N Bad N
ဖာဲ 1016
102C
1032

ဖာဲ N
on V

on V

on V

on V
N
1016
1032
102C
ဖဲာ N
on C

on C

on C

on C

on C
လောဲ 101C
1031
102C
1032
လောဲ N
on V

on V

on V

on V
N
101C
1031
1032
102C
လေဲာ N
on C

on C

on C

on C

on C
101C
102C
1031
1032
လာေဲ N N N N N N N N
101C
102C
1032
1031
လာဲေ N N N N N N N N
101C
1032
102C
1031
လဲာေ N N N N N N N N
101C
1032
1031
102C
လဲော N N N N N N N N
ဗှ်ေ 1017
103E
103A
1031
ဗှ်ေ N
1017
103E
1031
103A
ဗှေ် N N N N N N
1017
103A
1031
103E
ဗ်ေှ N N N N N N N N
1017
103A
103E
1031
ဗ်ှေ N N N N
1017
1031
103E
103A
ဗေှ် N N N N N N N
1017
1031
103A
103E
ဗေ်ှ N N N N N N N N
စှော် 1005
103E
1031
102C
103A
စှော်
1005
1031
103E
102C
103A
စေှာ်
စှ်ော[5] 1005
103E
103A
1031
102C
စှ်ော
1005
103E
1031
103A
102C
စှေ်ာ
1005
1031
103E
103A
102C
စေှ်ာ
1005
1031
103A
103E
102C
စေ်ှာ
1005
103A
1031
103E
102C
စ်ေှာ
1005
103A
103E
1031
102C
စ်ှော
စောှ်[5] 1005
1031
102C
103E
103A
စောှ်
1005
1031
102C
103A
103E
စော်ှ
? 1005
1031
103A
102C
103E
စေ်ာှ
1005
103A
1031
102C
103E
စ်ောှ
Only permutations with U+1031 before U+102C are tabulated.
-




-
-

A large amount of the differences arise from the treatment of (-y) as either a final consonant, like anusvara, as in the MS and UTN-11 rule sets, or as a vowel above, like (i), as in the USMB rules. The former set is preferred on Wiktionary. As one mode of using Wiktionary is to cut and paste words from text to Wiktionary, the encodings required by USMB have stub senses (see WT:Votes/pl-2022-07/Stubifying alternative forms) defined using {{usmb_of}}.

References[edit]

  1. ^ Unicode Consortium (2022) The Unicode Standard[1]
  2. ^ Lua error in Module:quote at line 2659: Parameter "version" is not used by this template.
  3. ^ “Creating and Supporting OpenType Fonts for Myanmar Script”, in Microsoft Typography[2], 2022 June 17
  4. ^ Norbert Lindenberg (2021 April 27) “[Myanmar] Complex cluster requires too many components #767”, in Github[3]:
    The “complex cluster” pattern contains too many required components. Removing all optional components (those marked with * or []), the required sequence is:
    <C | IV | D | GB> (H <C | IV>) (As) (VPre) (VBlw) (A) (VPst) (PT)
    To some extent, incorrect use of Markdown may be at fault – earlier versions had some additional components marked with *.
  5. 5.0 5.1 Lua error in Module:quote at line 2659: Parameter "version" is not used by this template.

Pali Headword Templates[edit]

Investigation of how headword lines can force display of default transliteration.

PoS (form) Example Invocation Intermediate Template Module Parameter modification in template
adj สะวากขาตะ (savākkhāta) {{pi-adj|tr=+}} None Module:pi-headword None
adj form ສັມພຸດໂທ (sambuddo) {{pi-adj form|tr=+}} {{head}} Module:headword {{pi-hwtr|{{{tr|-}}}}}
adjective form ໂຄໂລ (golo) {{head|pi|adjective form}} (Now superseded!) None Module:headword None
noun ຄະນະ (gana) {{pi-noun|n|tr=+}} None Module:pi-headword None
noun form ທັມໂມ (dammo) {{pi-noun form|tr=}} {{head}} Module:headword tr={{pi-hwtr|{{{tr|-}}}}}
num ຈະຕຸລ (catul) {{pi-num|tr=+}} {{head}} Module:headword tr={{pi-hwtr|{{{tr|-}}}}}
numeral ຈະຕຸລ (catul) {{head|pi|numeral|tr=}} (now replaced)
{{head|pi|numeral}}
None Module:headword None
num ord No non-Roman example No non-Roman example None Module:pi-headword None
particle Transliteration never displayed Never None Module:pi-headword None
adv ຕະຕິຍັງ (tatiyaṃ, adverb) {{pi-adv}} {{head}} Module:headword tr={{pi-hwtr|{{{tr|-}}}}}
pronoun ຢາ () (transliteration not in headword line) {{pi-pronoun|f}} None Module:pi-headword None
pronoun form ຍາຍະ (yāya) (transliteration not in headword line) {{head|pi|pronoun form|tr=}} None Module:headword None
proper noun ພຸດທະ (budda) {{pi-proper noun|m|tr=+}} None Module:pi-headword None
root Only for Roman script No non-Roman example {{head}} Module:pi-headword None
verb ຄັດສະຕິ (gassati) {{pi-verb|gam|1|tr=+}} {{head}} Module:headword tr={{pi-hwtr|{{{tr|-}}}}}
verb form ວະລະ (vala) {{pi-verb form|tr=+}} {{head}} Module:headword tr={{pi-hwtr|{{{tr|-}}}}}
participle No non-Roman example No non-Roman example {{head}} Module:headword tr={{{tr|-}}}

Thai Bible Quote[edit]

Thai Standard Version of the Bible

โยบ.39.26

, (Book of Job, Thai Standard Version of the Bible (THSV11)):
โดยสติปัญญาของเจ้าหรือ เหยี่ยวนกเขาโผไปมา และกางปีกของมันตรงไปทางทิศใต้?
Is it by your wisdom that the hawk soars, and stretches her wings toward the south?

Prakrit Reference[edit]

Conversion of quotation for 𑀧𑁂𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀇 (pĕcchaï) cf. pra-mah:𑀧𑁂𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀇 (pecchaï).

Original:

    • c. 200 CE – 600 CE, Hāla, Gāhā Sattasaī 162:
      𑀪𑀺𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀅𑀭𑁄 𑀧𑁂𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀇 𑀡𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀫𑀁𑀟𑀮𑀁 𑀲𑀸-𑀯𑀺 𑀢𑀲𑁆𑀲 𑀫𑀼𑀳𑀅𑀁𑀤𑀁
      𑀢𑀁 𑀘𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀼𑀅𑀁 𑀓𑀭𑀁𑀓𑀁 𑀤𑁄𑀡𑁆𑀳-𑀯𑀺 𑀓𑀸𑀆 𑀯𑀺𑀮𑀼𑀁𑀧𑀁𑀢𑀺
      bhicchaaro pĕcchaï ṇāhimaṃḍalaṃ sā-vi tassa muhaaṃdaṃ
      taṃ caṭṭuaṃ karaṃkaṃ dŏṇha-vi kāā viluṃpaṃti
      • 2009 translation by Peter Khoroche and Herman Tieken
        While the begging monk looks down at her navel, and the housewife looks at the moon of his face
        The crows plunder the dish in her hands, and the begging bowl in his.

Standard:

    • c. 200 AD – 600 AD, Hāla, Gāhā Sattasaï[4], section 162; republished as Albrecht Weber, editor, Das Saptaçatakam des Hâla, Leipzig, 1881:
      bhicchaaro pecchaï ṇâ-
      himaṃḍalaṃ, sâ vi tassa muhaaṃdaṃ ।
      taṃ caṭṭuaṃ karaṃkaṃ
      doṇha vi kââ viluṃpaṃti ॥ 162 ॥
      Reconstruction:
      𑀪𑀺𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀅𑀭𑁄 𑀧𑁂𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀇 𑀡𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀫𑀁𑀟𑀮𑀁 𑀲𑀸-𑀯𑀺 𑀢𑀲𑁆𑀲 𑀫𑀼𑀳𑀅𑀁𑀤𑀁
      𑀢𑀁 𑀘𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀼𑀅𑀁 𑀓𑀭𑀁𑀓𑀁 𑀤𑁄𑀡𑁆𑀳-𑀯𑀺 𑀓𑀸𑀆 𑀯𑀺𑀮𑀼𑀁𑀧𑀁𑀢𑀺
      Wiktionary transliteration:

      bhicchaaro pĕcchaï ṇāhimaṃḍalaṃ sā-vi tassa muhaaṃdaṃ
      taṃ caṭṭuaṃ karaṃkaṃ dŏṇha-vi kāā viluṃpaṃti
      While the begging monk looks down at her navel, and the housewife looks at the moon of his face
      The crows plunder the dish in her hands, and the begging bowl in his.
      * 2009 translation by Peter Khoroche and Herman Tieken
  1. Broken up:
    • c. 200 AD – 600 AD, Hāla, Gāhā Sattasaï[5], section 162; republished as Albrecht Weber, editor, Das Saptaçatakam des Hâla, Leipzig, 1881:
      * 2009 translation by Peter Khoroche and Herman Tieken
      bhicchaaro pecchaï ṇâ-
      himaṃḍalaṃ, sâ vi tassa muhaaṃdaṃ ।
      taṃ caṭṭuaṃ karaṃkaṃ
      doṇha vi kââ viluṃpaṃti ॥ 162 ॥
      Wiktionary reconstruction:
      𑀪𑀺𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀅𑀭𑁄 𑀧𑁂𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀇 𑀡𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀫𑀁𑀟𑀮𑀁 𑀲𑀸-𑀯𑀺 𑀢𑀲𑁆𑀲 𑀫𑀼𑀳𑀅𑀁𑀤𑀁
      𑀢𑀁 𑀘𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀼𑀅𑀁 𑀓𑀭𑀁𑀓𑀁 𑀤𑁄𑀡𑁆𑀳-𑀯𑀺 𑀓𑀸𑀆 𑀯𑀺𑀮𑀼𑀁𑀧𑀁𑀢𑀺
      Wiktionary transliteration:
      bhicchaaro pĕcchaï ṇāhimaṃḍalaṃ sā-vi tassa muhaaṃdaṃ
      taṃ caṭṭuaṃ karaṃkaṃ dŏṇha-vi kāā viluṃpaṃti
      • 2009 translation by Peter Khoroche and Herman Tieken
      While the begging monk looks down at her navel, and the housewife looks at the moon of his face
      The crows plunder the dish in her hands, and the begging bowl in his.
  1. Back to Q:

Prakrit Declension[edit]

Maharastri declension of गरुळ (masculine)
singular plural
Nominative गरुळो (garuḷo) गरुळा (garuḷā)
Accusative गरुळं (garuḷaṃ) गरुळे (garuḷe) or गरुळा (garuḷā)
Instrumental गरुळेण (garuḷeṇa) or गरुळेणं (garuḷeṇaṃ) गरुळेहि (garuḷehi) or गरुळेहिं (garuḷehiṃ)
Dative गरुळाअ (garuḷāa)
Ablative गरुळाओ (garuḷāo) or गरुळाउ (garuḷāu) or गरुळा (garuḷā) or गरुळाहि (garuḷāhi) or गरुळाहिंतो (garuḷāhiṃto)
Genitive गरुळस्स (garuḷassa) गरुळाण (garuḷāṇa) or गरुळाणं (garuḷāṇaṃ)
Locative गरुळम्मि (garuḷammi) or गरुळे (garuḷe) गरुळेसु (garuḷesu) or गरुळेसुं (garuḷesuṃ)
Vocative गरुळ (garuḷa) or गरुळा (garuḷā) गरुळा (garuḷā)
Maharastri declension of 𑀕𑀭𑀼𑀴 (masculine)
singular plural
Nominative 𑀕𑀭𑀼𑀴𑁄 (garuḷo) 𑀕𑀭𑀼𑀴𑀸 (garuḷā)
Accusative 𑀕𑀭𑀼𑀴𑀁 (garuḷaṃ) 𑀕𑀭𑀼𑀴𑁂 (garuḷe) or 𑀕𑀭𑀼𑀴𑀸 (garuḷā)
Instrumental 𑀕𑀭𑀼𑀴𑁂𑀡 (garuḷeṇa) or 𑀕𑀭𑀼𑀴𑁂𑀡𑀁 (garuḷeṇaṃ) 𑀕𑀭𑀼𑀴𑁂𑀳𑀺 (garuḷehi) or 𑀕𑀭𑀼𑀴𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (garuḷehiṃ)
Dative 𑀕𑀭𑀼𑀴𑀸𑀅 (garuḷāa)
Ablative 𑀕𑀭𑀼𑀴𑀸𑀑 (garuḷāo) or 𑀕𑀭𑀼𑀴𑀸𑀉 (garuḷāu) or 𑀕𑀭𑀼𑀴𑀸 (garuḷā) or 𑀕𑀭𑀼𑀴𑀸𑀳𑀺 (garuḷāhi) or 𑀕𑀭𑀼𑀴𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (garuḷāhiṃto)
Genitive 𑀕𑀭𑀼𑀴𑀲𑁆𑀲 (garuḷassa) 𑀕𑀭𑀼𑀴𑀸𑀡 (garuḷāṇa) or 𑀕𑀭𑀼𑀴𑀸𑀡𑀁 (garuḷāṇaṃ)
Locative 𑀕𑀭𑀼𑀴𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (garuḷammi) or 𑀕𑀭𑀼𑀴𑁂 (garuḷe) 𑀕𑀭𑀼𑀴𑁂𑀲𑀼 (garuḷesu) or 𑀕𑀭𑀼𑀴𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (garuḷesuṃ)
Vocative 𑀕𑀭𑀼𑀴 (garuḷa) or 𑀕𑀭𑀼𑀴𑀸 (garuḷā) 𑀕𑀭𑀼𑀴𑀸 (garuḷā)
Maharastri declension of 𑀔𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢 (neuter)
singular plural
Nominative 𑀔𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀁 (khĕttaṃ) 𑀔𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸𑀇𑀁 (khĕttāiṃ) or 𑀔𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸𑀇 (khĕttāi)
Accusative 𑀔𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀁 (khĕttaṃ) 𑀔𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸𑀇𑀁 (khĕttāiṃ) or 𑀔𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸𑀇 (khĕttāi)
Instrumental 𑀔𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑁂𑀡 (khĕtteṇa) or 𑀔𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑁂𑀡𑀁 (khĕtteṇaṃ) 𑀔𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑁂𑀳𑀺 (khĕttehi) or 𑀔𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (khĕttehiṃ)
Dative 𑀔𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸𑀅 (khĕttāa)
Ablative 𑀔𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸𑀑 (khĕttāo) or 𑀔𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸𑀉 (khĕttāu) or 𑀔𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸 (khĕttā) or 𑀔𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸𑀳𑀺 (khĕttāhi) or 𑀔𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (khĕttāhiṃto)
Genitive 𑀔𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀲𑁆𑀲 (khĕttassa) 𑀔𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸𑀡 (khĕttāṇa) or 𑀔𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸𑀡𑀁 (khĕttāṇaṃ)
Locative 𑀔𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (khĕttammi) or 𑀔𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑁂 (khĕtte) 𑀔𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑁂𑀲𑀼 (khĕttesu) or 𑀔𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (khĕttesuṃ)
Vocative 𑀔𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢 (khĕtta) or 𑀔𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸 (khĕttā) 𑀔𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸𑀇𑀁 (khĕttāiṃ) or 𑀔𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸𑀇 (khĕttāi)
Maharastri declension of खेत्त (neuter)
singular plural
Nominative खेत्तं (khĕttaṃ) खेत्ताइं (khĕttāiṃ) or खेत्ताइ (khĕttāi)
Accusative खेत्तं (khĕttaṃ) खेत्ताइं (khĕttāiṃ) or खेत्ताइ (khĕttāi)
Instrumental खेत्तेण (khĕtteṇa) or खेत्तेणं (khĕtteṇaṃ) खेत्तेहि (khĕttehi) or खेत्तेहिं (khĕttehiṃ)
Dative खेत्ताअ (khĕttāa)
Ablative खेत्ताओ (khĕttāo) or खेत्ताउ (khĕttāu) or खेत्ता (khĕttā) or खेत्ताहि (khĕttāhi) or खेत्ताहिंतो (khĕttāhiṃto)
Genitive खेत्तस्स (khĕttassa) खेत्ताण (khĕttāṇa) or खेत्ताणं (khĕttāṇaṃ)
Locative खेत्तम्मि (khĕttammi) or खेत्ते (khĕtte) खेत्तेसु (khĕttesu) or खेत्तेसुं (khĕttesuṃ)
Vocative खेत्त (khĕtta) or खेत्ता (khĕttā) खेत्ताइं (khĕttāiṃ) or खेत्ताइ (khĕttāi)

Rendering tests[edit]

Tai Viet: ꪀꪴ꪿ <AA80 LOW KA, AABF TONE MAI EK, AAB4 VOWEL U> FFubu OK; IE11 & Notepad one d.c.
ꪀꪴ꪿ <AA80 LOW KA, AAB4 VOWEL U, AABF TONE MAI EK> FFubu OK; IE11 & Notepad OK
ꪀ꪿ꪲ <AA80 LOW KA, AABF TONE MAI EK, AAB2 VOWEL I> FFubu nocirc; IE11 & Notepad one d.c.
ꪀꪲ꪿ <AA80 LOW KA, AAB2 VOWEL I, AABF TONE MAI EK> FFubu nocirc; IE11 & Notepad OK
ꪀ꪿ꪾ <AA80 LOW KA, AABF TONE MAI EK, AAB2 VOWEL AM> FFubu nocirc; IE11 & Notepad one d.c.
ꪀꪾ꪿ <AA80 LOW KA, AAB2 VOWEL AM, AABF TONE MAI EK> FFubu nocirc; IE11 & Notepad OK
Sinhala: කේ <U+00D9A, U+0DD9, U+0DCA> FFubu OK; IE11 & Notepad one d.c.
කෝ <U+0D9A, U+0DD9, U+0DCF, U+0DCA> FFubu OK; IE11 & Notepad one d.c.

Egyptian test[edit]

For Qwynegold. N37A replaced by N37, Z4A at very end by by Z1*Z1. The meaning is unchanged.
i
r
zAq
D54
kwA1rN37
t U30
Z9
Y1
Z3
iwaHaa
D54
M15Atp
Z1
DdA40h
r
ra
Z1
n
t
U35D40n
N37
n
Z4
D40
DAAP3pAU4
a
Swt
Z1 Z1

Chakma inflections tests[edit]

Chakma script for Pali:

𑄛𑄌𑄖𑄨 (pacati), 𑄛𑄌𑄨𑄥𑄴𑄥𑄖𑄨 (pacissati), 𑄃𑄛𑄌𑄨𑄥𑄴𑄥𑄖𑄨 (apacissati)

Template:pi-nr-inflection of[edit]

ID NR & automatic Xlit Correct Xlit Eqv Wikicode Text obtained Desired appearance (bar links for tags) Sandbox
1 ဒေဝ (deva) deva deva {{pi-nr-inflection of|ဒေဝ||nom|s|t=god}} nominative singular of ဒေဝ (deva, god) nominative singular of ဒေဝ (deva, “god”) nominative singular of ဒေဝ (deva, god)
2 กฐิน (kaṭhina) kaṭhina kaṭhina {{pi-nr-inflection of|กฐิน||nom|s|t=cloth}} nominative singular of กฐิน (kaṭhina, cloth) nominative singular of กฐิน (kaṭhina, “cloth”) nominative singular of กฐิน (kaṭhina, cloth)
3 ທັມມະ (damma) damma dhamma {{pi-nr-inflection of|ທັມມະ||nom|s|eqv=dhamma|t=law}} nominative singular of ທັມມະ (dammadhamma, “law”) nominative singular of ທັມມະ (damma), which is a form of dhamma (law) nominative singular of ທັມມະ (dammadhamma, “law”)
4 သံဃ (saṃgha) saṃgha saṅgha {{pi-nr-inflection of|သံဃ||nom|s|eqv=saṅgha|t=sangha}} nominative singular of သံဃ (saṃghasaṅgha, “sangha”) nominative singular of သံဃ (saṃgha), which is a form of saṅgha (sangha) nominative singular of သံဃ (saṃghasaṅgha, “sangha”)
5 ᨾᩘᩈ (maṅsa) maṅsa maṃsa {{pi-nr-inflection of|</nowik>{{lang|pi|ᨾᩘᩈ}}<nowiki>||eqv=maṃsa|nom|s|t=flesh}} nominative singular of ᨾᩘᩈ (maṅsamaṃsa, “flesh”) nominative singular of ᨾᩘᩈ (maṅsa), which is a form of maṃsa (flesh) nominative singular of ᨾᩘᩈ (maṅsamaṃsa, “flesh”)
6 ຄັດສັນຕ (gassant) gassant gacchant {{pi-nr-inflection of|ຄັດສັນຕ||eqv=gacchant|loc|s|mn|t=going}} locative singular masculine/neuter of ຄັດສັນຕ (gassantgacchant, “going”) locative singular masculine/neuter of ຄັດສັນຕ (gassant), which is a form of gacchant (going) locative singular masculine/neuter of ຄັດສັນຕ (gassantgacchant, “going”)
7 ພຸດຊະຕິ (bujjati) bujjati bujjhati {{pi-nr-inflection of|ພຸດຊະຕິ|eqv=bujjhati||past|part|t=to understand}} past participle of ພຸດຊະຕິ (bujjatibujjhati, “to understand”) past participle of ພຸດຊະຕິ (bujjati), which is a form of bujjhati (to understand) past participle of ພຸດຊະຕິ (bujjatibujjhati, “to understand”)
8 ຖັດທະ (thadda) thadda thaddha {{pi-nr-inflection of|ຖັດທະ|eqv=thaddha||nom|s|m|t=rigid}} nominative singular masculine of ຖັດທະ (thaddathaddha, “rigid”) nominative singular masculine of ຖັດທະ (thadda), which is a form of thaddha (rigid) nominative singular masculine of ຖັດທະ (thaddathaddha, “rigid”)
9 สามิน (sāmina) sāmin sāmin {{pi-nr-inflection of|สามิน||tr=sāmin|nom|s|t=master}} nominative singular of สามิน (sāmin, master) nominative singular of สามิน (sāmin, master) nominative singular of สามิน (sāmin, master)
10 ໂພຄິນ (bogina) bogin bhogin {{pi-nr-inflection of|ໂພຄິນ||tr=bogin|eqv=bhogin|nom|s|t=snake}} nominative singular of ໂພຄິນ (boginbhogin, “snake”) nominative singular of ໂພຄິນ (bogin), which is a form of bhogin (snake) nominative singular of ໂພຄິນ (boginbhogin, “snake”)
11 ဒေဝ (deva) deva deva {{pi-nr-inflection of|ဒေဝ||nom|s}} nominative singular of ဒေဝ (deva) nominative singular of ဒေဝ (deva) nominative singular of ဒေဝ (deva)
12 กฐิน (kaṭhina) kaṭhina kaṭhina {{pi-nr-inflection of|กฐิน||nom|s}} nominative singular of กฐิน (kaṭhina) nominative singular of กฐิน (kaṭhina) nominative singular of กฐิน (kaṭhina)
13 ທັມມະ (damma) damma dhamma {{pi-nr-inflection of|ທັມມະ||nom|s|eqv=dhamma}} nominative singular of ທັມມະ (dammadhamma) nominative singular of ທັມມະ (damma), which is a form of dhamma nominative singular of ທັມມະ (dammadhamma)
14 သံဃ (saṃgha) saṃgha saṅgha {{pi-nr-inflection of|သံဃ||nom|s|eqv=saṅgha}} nominative singular of သံဃ (saṃghasaṅgha) nominative singular of သံဃ (saṃgha), which is a form of saṅgha nominative singular of သံဃ (saṃghasaṅgha)
15 ᨾᩘᩈ (maṅsa) maṅsa maṃsa {{pi-nr-inflection of|</nowik>{{lang|pi|ᨾᩘᩈ}}<nowiki>||eqv=maṃsa|nom|s}} nominative singular of ᨾᩘᩈ (maṅsamaṃsa) nominative singular of ᨾᩘᩈ (maṅsa), which is a form of maṃsa nominative singular of ᨾᩘᩈ (maṅsamaṃsa)
16 ຄັດສັນຕ (gassant) gassant gacchant {{pi-nr-inflection of|ຄັດສັນຕ||eqv=gacchant|loc|s|mn}} locative singular masculine/neuter of ຄັດສັນຕ (gassantgacchant) locative singular masculine/neuter of ຄັດສັນຕ (gassant), which is a form of gacchant locative singular masculine/neuter of ຄັດສັນຕ (gassantgacchant)
17 ພຸດຊະຕິ (bujjati) bujjati bujjhati {{pi-nr-inflection of|ພຸດຊະຕິ|eqv=bujjhati||past|part}} past participle of ພຸດຊະຕິ (bujjatibujjhati) past participle of ພຸດຊະຕິ (bujjati), which is a form of bujjhati past participle of ພຸດຊະຕິ (bujjatibujjhati)
18 ຖັດທະ (thadda) thadda thaddha {{pi-nr-inflection of|ຖັດທະ|eqv=thaddha||nom|s|m}} nominative singular masculine of ຖັດທະ (thaddathaddha) nominative singular masculine of ຖັດທະ (thadda), which is a form of thaddha nominative singular masculine of ຖັດທະ (thaddathaddha)
19 สามิน (sāmina) sāmin sāmin {{pi-nr-inflection of|สามิน||tr=sāmin|nom|s}} nominative singular of สามิน (sāmin) nominative singular of สามิน (sāmin) nominative singular of สามิน (sāmin)
20 ໂພຄິນ (bogina) bogin bhogin {{pi-nr-inflection of|ໂພຄິນ||tr=bogin|eqv=bhogin|nom|s}} nominative singular of ໂພຄິນ (boginbhogin) nominative singular of ໂພຄິນ (bogin), which is a form of bhogin nominative singular of ໂພຄິນ (boginbhogin)

Transliteration of nīḷa[edit]

Sanskrit[edit]

Brah: 𑀦𑀻𑀴 (nīḷa) Deva: नीळ (nīḷa) Beng: নীল় (nīḷa)
Sinh: නීළ (nīḷa) Mymr: နီဠ (nīḷa) Thai: นีฬ (nīḷa)
Lana: ᨶᩦᩊ (nīḷa) Laoo: ນີຬ (nīḷa) Khmr: នីឡ (nīḷa)

Pali[edit]

Brah: 𑀦𑀻𑀴 (nīḷa) Deva: नीळ (nīḷa) Beng: নীল় (nīḷa)
Sinh: නීළ (nīḷa) Mymr: နီဠ (nīḷa) Thai: นีฬ (nīḷa)
Lana: ᨶᩦᩊ (nīḷa) Laoo: ນີຬ (nīḷa) Khmr: នីឡ (nīḷa)

Mon WS Inflection[edit]

Manual claimed Mon script declension with no transliteration fixes:

Manual claimed Mon declension with no transliteration fixes with transliteration override and a demonstration of a single form being targeted for manually specified transliteration:

Example of |subst= being abused to show Roman equivalents instead of transliteration, and to make the equivalents into links:

Manual claimed Mon aorist conjugation with transliteration fixes:

alternative form of[edit]

Alternative form of elephant (shrook, pachyderm) elephant (shrook, pachyderm)

Writing Systems[edit]

In principal homorganic nasals might be written using niggahita instead of the explicit nasal consonant, but I have not yet encountered systematic use. This would affect verbal inflection. Normative spelling generally rejects it, though it does turn up as the main spelling occasionally, but affecting stems rather than affixes.

Latn[edit]

The dominant writing system for the Roman script is IAST and its variants. The variations affecting the inflections are:

  1. ṃ v. ṁ v. ŋ v. n
  2. Mark for vowel length - macron, acute, circumflex or grave.

At present, so far as I am aware, we only use and macron. I had thought that there was a ukase to that effect, but I can't find it.

I would want to mix forms in a single inflection table, though listing them as a footnote would also be appropriate.

Thai[edit]

There are two major writing systems for the Thai script - with and without implicit vowels. For the former, there are older variations involving the use of yamakkan and wanchakan, but these do not need to be addressed for now.

Although there are some inflection tables that mix the two systems in inflection tables for feminine forms, I now think that it is better to give separate tables for nominals. (There are currently technical problems with transliteration in mixing them for masculine and neuter forms).

Deva[edit]

There is no indication of any variation that affects the inflection.

Beng[edit]

The only likely variation lies in the representation of <v> in inflection. We may have a choice between Bengal BA, RA WITH MIDDLE DIAGONAL and RA WITH LOWER DIAGONAL. If this happens, I would favour putting them in the same table for verbs. On balance, I also favour mixing them for nominals.

Sinh[edit]

We currently have decent attestation for touching letters (with some conjunct exceptions) only. We might need at some point to support visible AL LAKUNA.

I would favour mixing them in the same inflection table.

Brah[edit]

As we do not classify Ashokan Prakrit as Pali, there do not seem to be any writing system variations to be concerned with.

Khmr[edit]

There is as yet no indication of any variation that affects the inflection. However, in the long term Khom texts should be investigated, as the script as a whole distinguishes an unencoded vowel like โ from the dependent vowel OO of the Khmer script. If there were a distinction, I would favour mixing them.

Lana[edit]

Affecting inflection, there is a distinction between round AA and long AA, which is currently handled by the parameter aa to the inflection templates. The rare occurrence of <SA, SIGN SA> is so far rare enough to only be included where attested. So far, it does not seem worth splitting inflection tables by writing system. There is potentially an issue with aorist 3rd plural in -iṃsu, but for now more examples are needed.

Mymr[edit]

There are at least six writing systems. There is a possibility of conflict between round AA and long AA, but the mechanism for the Lana script will also handle that. The writing systems are Burmese, Mon, 'old' Shan, 'new' Shan, Khamti Shan (Unicode proposal L2/08-276 and Tai Laing (Unicode proposal L2/12-012). Thai Mon should be reviewed for differences - off the top of my head, there may be an issue with -ss-.

A preliminary character chart is here. While combining some of Shan, Khamti Shan and Tai Laing will sometimes be possible, it looks infrequent enough not to expend significant effort enabling it. They will rarely mix with other variants. It needs to be reviewed, and it looks as though there may be other consonant correspondences.

Title Burmese Mon Shan Khamti Shan Tai Laing
k က
1000
က
1000

1000
က
1000
က
1000
kh
1001

1001

1076

1075

1075
g
1002

1002

1077

AA71

A9E9
gh
1003

1001

A9E0

1002

A9EA

1004

1004

1004

1004

1004
c
1005

1005

1078

AA61

1078
ch
1006

1006

A9E1

AA62

AA6C
j
1007

1007

1079

AA63

A9EB
jh
1008

105B

A9E2

AA64

A9EC
ñ
1009

1009 or
100A

007A

AA65

A9E7

100B

100B

AA66

AA66

AA66
ṭh
100C

100C

AA67

AA67

AA67

100D

100D

AA68

AA68

AA68
ḍh
100E

100E

AA69

AA69

A9EE

100F

100F

A9E3

107C

A9EF
t
1010

1010

1010

1010

1010
th
1011

1011

1011

1011

1011
d
1012

1012

107B

107B

A9FB
dh
1013

1013

AA6A

AA6A

A9FC
n
1014

1014

107C

AA6B

AA6B
p
1015

1015

1015

1015

1015
ph
1016

1016

107D

1078

A9E4
b
1017

1017

107F

107F

A9FD
bh
1018

1018

A9E4

1079

A9FE
m
1019

1019

1019

1019

1019
y
101A

101A

101A

101A

101A
r
101B

101B

101B

101B

AA7A
l
101C

101C

101C

101C

101C
v
101D

101D

101D

101D

101D
s
101E

101E

101E

AA6C
or or ?
AA6C or A9EC or 101E?
h
101F

101F

101F

AA6D

106F

1020

1020

AA6E

AA6E

A9FA
Independent vowels
a
1021

1021

1022

1022

1022
ā အာ
1021 102C
အာ
1021 102C
ဢႃ
1022 1083
ဢႃ
1022 1083
ဢႃ
1022 1083
ā (closed) N/A N/A ဢၢ
1022 1062
ဢၢ
1022 1062
N/A
i
1023

1023
ဢိ
1022 102D
ဢိ
1022 102D
ဢိ
1022 102D
ī
1024
ဣဳ
1023 1033
ဢီ
1022 102E
ဢီ
1022 102E
ဢီ
1022 102E
u
1025

1025
ဢု
1022 102F
ဢု
1022 102F
ဢု
1022 102F
ū
1026
ဥု
1025 102F
ဢူ
1022 1030
ဢူ
1022 1030
ဢူ
1022 1030
e
1027

1028
ဢေ
1022 1031
ဢေ
1022 1031
ဢေ
1022 1031
o
1029

1029
ဢေႃ
1022 1031 1083
ဢေႃ
1022 1031 1083
ဢေႃ
1022 1031 1083
cjct stack stack stack / nostack nostack nostack
Dependent vowels
kaṃ ကံ
1000 1036
ကံ
1000 1036
ကံ
1000 1036
ကံ
1000 1036
ကံ
1000 1036
ka က
1000
က
1000
က
1000
က
1000
က
1000
ကာ
1000 102C
ကာ
1000 102C
ကႃ
1000 1083
ကႃ
1000 1083
ကႃ
1000 1083
ဂါ
1002 102B
ဂါ or ?
1002 102B or ?
N/A N/A N/A
kā (closed) N/A N/A ကၢ
1000 1062
ကၢ
1000 1062
N/A
ki ကိ
1000 102D
ကိ
1000 102D
ကိ
1000 102D
ကိ
1000 102D
ကိ
1000 102D
ကီ
1000 102E
ကဳ
1000 1033
ကီ
1000 102E
ကီ
1000 102E
ကီ
1000 102E
ku ကု
1000 102F
ကု
1000 102F
ကု
1000 102F
ကု
1000 102F
ကု
1000 102F
ကူ
1000 1030
ကူ
1000 1030
ကူ
1000 1030
ကူ
1000 1030
ကူ
1000 1030
ke ကေ
1000 1031
ကေ
1000 1031
ကေ
1000 1031
ကေ
1000 1031
ကေ
1000 1031
ko ကော
1000 1031 102c
ကော
1000 1031 102c
ကေႃ
1000 1031 1083
ကေႃ
1000 1031 1083
ကေႃ
1000 1031 1083
go ဂေါ
1000 1031 102B
ဂေါ
1000 1031 102B or ?
N/A N/A N/A
Geminates
ññ
100A 100A
or ည္ည
100A or 100A 1039 100A
ၺ္ၺ or ၺ်ၺ
107A 1039 107A or 107A 103A 107A
ss
103F
or သ္သ
103F or 103F 1039 103F
unenc or သ်သ
unenc or 101E 103A 101E

Two vowels in inflections show variation - ā and -ī. For the former we can simply extend the use of |aa=, taking values 'round', 'tall', 'both' and 'shan'. For the latter, we can do something similar with |ii=. Thinking ahead, we can footnote the alternatives as Burmese and as Mon when we select |ii=both.

However, the consonant differences are different enough to overwhelm this system. The letters r, s, n and h vary between the writing systems, and I propose that we using a writing system parameter (possibly |ws=, possibly even |sc=) to distinguish between the Shan sensu lato writing systems. I'm inclined to identify them by the codes for the vernaculars - shn, kht, and tjl. Shan has exhibited two writing systems for Pali, one stacked and another non-stacked. The wording of descriptions give the impression that Khamti and Tai Laing Pali do not stack consonants, but I have seen the misspelt ꩬံပုက္တႃꩬး (for saṃbuddhassa - L2/20-162), so there may be similar variations in the others. I therefore propose to have a parameter such as |stack= to control this dimension.

Laoo[edit]

There seem to be many writing systems. The existence of the following is demonstrated or asserted:

a) Buddhist Institute alphabet with implicit vowels (an abugida), b) Buddhist Institute alphabet without implicit vowels (technically an alphabet). c) Lao repertoire with following options:

      Use ຣ or not for <r>?
      Use ຢ or not for <y>
      Use ດບ for clusters?
      Use cancellation mark for 'un-Lao' clusters? (May need resolution sv v.tv)

d) System using nuktas.

As with Thai, inflection tables for the abugidic spelling are best kept separate. At present I am merging the others for nominals where the stems are the same. For verbs, I am splitting the tables on the basis of the writing of <y> - NYO v. YO.

Mon Transliteration Systems[edit]

- Jenny
က k
kh
g
gh
ၚ်္အ
c
ch
j
jh
ñ
ṭh
ḍh
t
th
d
dh
n
p
ph
b
bh
m
y
r
l
ś
s
h
ʼa
အ်
အာ ʼā
အါ
အိ
အဳ
အု
ဥု
အူ
အေ
အော
အဲ
အဴ
[Term?]
[Term?]
[Term?]
[Term?]
[Term?]
[Term?]
[Term?]
[Term?]
[Term?]
[Term?]
[Term?]
[Term?]
[Term?]
[Term?]
[Term?]
[Term?]
[Term?]
[Term?]
[Term?]
[Term?]
[Term?]
[Term?]
[Term?]
[Term?]
[Term?]
[Term?]
[Term?]
[Term?]
[Term?]
[Term?]
[Term?]
[Term?]
[Term?]
[Term?]
[Term?]
[Term?]
[Term?]
[Term?]
[Term?]
[Term?]
[Term?]
[Term?]

Bharati Braille[edit]

main sequence shifted right
1st decade
1 a 2 b 3 c 4 d 5 ē 6 f 7 g 8 h 9 i 0 j (accent) (halant) bh
(Eng) (1 a) (2 b) (3 c) (4 d) (5 e) (6 f) (7 g) (8 h) (9 i) (0 j) (accent) (abbrev)
2nd decade
k l m n ō p kṣ r s t ai ā
(Eng) (k) (l) (m) (n) (o) (p) (q) (r) (s) (t) (st /) (ar))
3rd decade
u v o y z ḍh dh ṇ (num)
(Eng) (u) (v) (x) (y) (z) (and) (for) (of) (the) (with) (-ing) (num -ble)
4th decade
ch gh ś th ṛ/ṟ ū au ṭh kh (italics)
(Eng) (ch) (gh) (sh) (th) (wh) (ed) (er) (ou) (ow) (w) (disp) (emph) abbrev
5th decade
, ’ ; : ñ e ! ph ? " ī jh (pointing) ṉ ṁ
(Eng) (, -ea-) (; -bb-) (: -cc-) (. -dd-) (-en-) (! -ff- to) (() -gg-) (? ") in (" by) (abbrev) (letter)
bottom row
- (space)
(Eng) (') (- com-) (caps) (space)

represents comma, apostrophe and avagraha.

(pointing) starts some letter symbols, and modifies some letters, both in Indic scripts and for Urdu.

(caps) lengthens syllabic consonants.