abrasive

English

Etymology

abrase +‎ -ive

Pronunciation

• (US) IPA^(key): /əˈbɹeɪ.sɪv/, /əˈbɹeɪ.zɪv/

• Audio (Southern England)

  (file)

• Audio (Southern England)

  (file)

Adjective

abrasive (comparative more abrasive, superlative most abrasive)

1. Producing abrasion; rough enough to wear away the outer surface. [First attested in 1805.]
2. Being rough and coarse in manner or disposition; overly aggressive and causing irritation. [First attested in 1925.]

   An abrasive person can grate on one's sensibilities.

   Despite her proper upbringing, we found her manners to be terribly abrasive.

   • 1978, Richard Nixon, RN: the Memoirs of Richard Nixon‎^[1], Grosset & Dunlap, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 570:

     The women of the movement, it struck me, were more humorless and more single-minded in their total dedication to the ideology than were the men. In fact, Chiang Ching was unpleasantly abrasive and aggressive. At one point that evening she turned to me and in a challenging voice asked, "Why did you not come to China before now?" Since the ballet was in progress at the time, I did not respond.

Derived terms

• abrasive disc
• abrasively
• abrasiveness
• abrasive paper
• airbrasive
• dermabrasive
• microabrasive
• nonabrasive
• unabrasive

 

Translations

producing abrasion; rough

• Bulgarian: изтъркващ (bg) (iztǎrkvašt), изтриващ (bg) (iztrivašt), абразивен (abraziven)
• Catalan: abrasiu (ca)
• Dutch: schurend (nl)
• Finnish: hankaava (fi), hiova (fi)
• French: abrasif (fr)
• Galician: abrasivo (gl) m
• German: abrasiv (de)
• Hungarian: érdes (hu), csiszoló (hu), dörzsölő (hu), koptató (hu), durva (hu), dörzs-
• Occitan: abrasiu
• Polish: ścierny (pl)
• Portuguese: abrasivo (pt)
• Romanian: abraziv (ro)
• Russian: абрази́вный (ru) (abrazívnyj), шлифу́ющий (ru) (šlifújuščij)
• Serbo-Croatian: ȁbrazīvan, а̏бразӣван
• Spanish: abrasivo (es)
• Swedish: slipande (sv)

rough and coarse in manner or disposition

• Dutch: irritant (nl), irriterend (nl), ruw (nl)
• Finnish: karski (fi), karkea (fi)
• French: rude (fr)
• German: schroff (de), rauh (de)
• Greek: τραχύς (el) (trachýs)
• Hungarian: goromba (hu), nyers (hu), durva (hu)
• Persian: ساینده (fa)
• Polish: szorstki (pl)
• Serbo-Croatian: zajèdljiv (sh), oštra jezika
• Spanish: brusco (es), irritante (es)

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Translations to be checked

• Vietnamese: ^{(please verify)} làm trầy, ^{(please verify)} để cọ xơ ra, ^{(please verify)} để mài mòn

Noun

abrasive (plural abrasives)

1. A hard inorganic substance or material consisting in powder or granule form such as sandpaper, pumice, or emery, used for cleaning, smoothing, or polishing. [First attested in the mid 19^th century.]
2. (geology) Rock fragments, sand grains, mineral particles, used by water, wind, and ice to abrade a land surface.

Related terms

• abrasion

Translations

substance used for cleaning, smoothing, or polishing

• Bulgarian: абразив (bg) (abraziv)
• Dutch: schuurmiddel n, slijpmiddel n
• Finnish: hankausaine, hioma-aine
• French: abrasif (fr)
• German: Schleifmittel (de)
• Hungarian: csiszolóanyag (hu), csiszolópapír (hu), csiszolópor (hu), csiszolóvászon (hu)
• Italian: abrasivo (it) m
• Persian: سمباده (fa)
• Portuguese: abrasivo (pt)
• Russian: абрази́в (ru) m (abrazív)
• Spanish: abrasivo (es)
• Swedish: abrasivmedel
• Ukrainian: абрази́в (uk) m (abrazýv)

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Translations to be checked

• Vietnamese: ^{(please verify)} chất mài mòn

French

Adjective

abrasive

1. feminine singular of abrasif

German

Pronunciation

• Audio

  (file)

Adjective

abrasive

1. inflection of abrasiv:
   1. strong/mixed nominative/accusative feminine singular
   2. strong nominative/accusative plural
   3. weak nominative all-gender singular
   4. weak accusative feminine/neuter singular

Italian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /a.braˈzi.ve/
• Rhymes: -ive
• Hyphenation: a‧bra‧sì‧ve

Adjective

abrasive f pl

1. feminine plural of abrasivo

Anagrams

• bavaresi, sbaverai