asper

See also: Asper and as per

English

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈæspə/
• IPA^(key): /ˈæspəɹ/

Etymology 1

From (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Old French aspre (modern âpre), from (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Latin asper (“rough”).

Alternative forms

• aspre

Adjective

asper (comparative more asper, superlative most asper)

1. Rough or harsh; severe, stern, serious.
   • (Can we date this quote by Francis Bacon and provide title, author’s full name, and other details?)

     An asper sound.

Noun

asper (uncountable)

1. (phonetics) Rough breathing; a mark (#) indicating that part of a word is aspirated, or pronounced with h before it.

Etymology 2

(deprecated template usage) [etyl] Middle English, from (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Middle French aspre or (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Italian aspro, both from (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Ancient Greek ἄσπρον (áspron), from neuter of ἄσπρος (áspros, “white”), from (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Latin asper (“rough, newly minted”)

Alternative forms

• aspron

Noun

asper (plural aspers)

1. (historical) Any one of several small coins, circulated around the eastern Mediterranean area from the 12th to 17th centuries.
   • Template:RQ:Florio Montaigne Essayes

Anagrams

• Earps, Pears, Peras, RESPA, Rapes, Spear, Spera, apers, apres, après, aprés, pares, parse, pears, prase, presa, præs., rapes, reaps, sarpe, spare, spear

---

Latin

Etymology

Probably from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂esp- (“to cut”), also present in Ancient Greek ἀσπίς (aspís) and Hittite [script needed] (ḫasp-).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈas.per/, [ˈäs̠pɛr]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈas.per/, [ˈäsper]

Adjective

asper (feminine aspera, neuter asperum, comparative asperior, superlative asperrimus, adverb asperē); first/second-declension adjective (nominative masculine singular in -er)

1. rough, uneven, coarse
2. unrefined, rude
3. sharp, newly minted

Declension

First/second-declension adjective (nominative masculine singular in -er).

Number	Singular				Plural
Case / Gender	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	asper	aspera	asperum		asperī	asperae	aspera
Genitive	asperī	asperae	asperī		asperōrum	asperārum	asperōrum
Dative	asperō		asperō		asperīs
Accusative	asperum	asperam	asperum		asperōs	asperās	aspera
Ablative	asperō	asperā	asperō		asperīs
Vocative	asper	aspera	asperum		asperī	asperae	aspera

Derived terms

• asperē
• asperitas
• asperiter
• asperitūdō
• asperō
• asperūgō
• perasper
• subasper

 

Descendants

• Albanian: ashpër
• Aromanian: ascuru
• Asturian: aspru, ásperu
• Catalan: aspre
• French: âpre
• Galician: áspero

• Italian: aspro
• Greek: άσπρος (áspros)
• Occitan: aspre
• Portuguese: áspero
• Romanian: aspru
• Sardinian: aspru, aspu
• Spanish: áspero

References

• “asper”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “asper”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• asper in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • (ambiguous) rough and hilly ground: loca aspera et montuosa (Planc. 9. 22)
    
• “asper”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “asper”, in William Smith, editor (1848), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, London: John Murray

Anagrams

• pares

---

Norwegian Bokmål

Noun

asper m or f

1. indefinite plural of asp