curto

See also: Curto and cùrto

Galician

Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese curto, corto, from Latin curtus.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkuɾto/ [ˈkuɾ.t̪ʊ]
• Rhymes: -uɾto
• Hyphenation: cur‧to

Adjective

curto (feminine curta, masculine plural curtos, feminine plural curtas)

1. short

   Antonym: longo

   • c. 1295, R. Lorenzo, editor, La traducción gallega de la Crónica General y de la Crónica de Castilla, Ourense: I.E.O.P.F, page 806:

     prouarõ tres escaleyras de fuste et acharõnas curtas; et desi atarõnas a hũa cõ a outra et deytarõnas a hũa torre

     they tried three wooden ladders but found them too short; and so they tied them together and leaned them against a tower

Related terms

• acurtar
• cortar
• encurtar
• recortar

References

• “curto”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, 2012–2026
• Seoane, Ernesto Xosé González; Granja, María Álvarez de la; Agrelo, Ana Isabel Boullón (2006–2022), “curto”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval [Dictionary of dictionaries of Medieval Galician] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Barreiro, Xavier Varela; Guinovart, Xavier Gómez (2006–2018), “curto”, in Corpus Xelmírez: corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval [Corpus Xelmírez: linguistic corpus of Medieval Galicia] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “curto”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “curto”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “curto”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

Latin

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker-

Proto-Indo-European *(s)kr̥tósder.

Proto-Italic *kortos

Latin curtus

Proto-Indo-European *-h₂

Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂

Proto-Indo-European *-yéti

Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti

Proto-Italic *-āō

Latin -ō

Latin curtō

From curtus (“short”) + -ō.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ˈkʊr.toː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ˈkur.to]

Verb

curtō (present infinitive curtāre, perfect active curtāvī, supine curtātum); first conjugation

1. to shorten, cut short, abbreviate

Conjugation

   Conjugation of curtō (first conjugation)

indicative		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	curtō		curtās		curtat		curtāmus		curtātis		curtant
	imperfect	curtābam		curtābās		curtābat		curtābāmus		curtābātis		curtābant
	future	curtābō		curtābis		curtābit		curtābimus		curtābitis		curtābunt
	perfect	curtāvī		curtāvistī		curtāvit		curtāvimus		curtāvistis		curtāvērunt, curtāvēre
	pluperfect	curtāveram		curtāverās		curtāverat		curtāverāmus		curtāverātis		curtāverant
	future perfect	curtāverō		curtāveris		curtāverit		curtāverimus		curtāveritis		curtāverint
passive	present	curtor		curtāris, curtāre		curtātur		curtāmur		curtāminī		curtantur
	imperfect	curtābar		curtābāris, curtābāre		curtābātur		curtābāmur		curtābāminī		curtābantur
	future	curtābor		curtāberis, curtābere		curtābitur		curtābimur		curtābiminī		curtābuntur
	perfect	curtātus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	curtātus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	curtātus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	curtem		curtēs		curtet		curtēmus		curtētis		curtent
	imperfect	curtārem		curtārēs		curtāret		curtārēmus		curtārētis		curtārent
	perfect	curtāverim		curtāverīs		curtāverit		curtāverīmus		curtāverītis		curtāverint
	pluperfect	curtāvissem		curtāvissēs		curtāvisset		curtāvissēmus		curtāvissētis		curtāvissent
passive	present	curter		curtēris, curtēre		curtētur		curtēmur		curtēminī		curtentur
	imperfect	curtārer		curtārēris, curtārēre		curtārētur		curtārēmur		curtārēminī		curtārentur
	perfect	curtātus + present active subjunctive of sum
	pluperfect	curtātus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	—		curtā		—		—		curtāte		—
	future	—		curtātō		curtātō		—		curtātōte		curtantō
passive	present	—		curtāre		—		—		curtāminī		—
	future	—		curtātor		curtātor		—		—		curtantor
non-finite forms		infinitive						participle
		active			passive			active			passive
present		curtāre			curtārī			curtāns			—
future		curtātūrum esse			curtātum īrī			curtātūrus			curtandus
perfect		curtāvisse			curtātum esse			—			curtātus
future perfect		—			curtātum fore			—			—
perfect potential		curtātūrum fuisse			—			—			—
verbal nouns		gerund								supine
		genitive		dative		accusative		ablative		accusative		ablative
		curtandī		curtandō		curtandum		curtandō		curtātum		curtātū

Derived terms

• (New Latin) curtātiō
• (Late Latin) excurtō

Descendants

• Italo-Romance:
  • Italian: cortare (regional)
• Ibero-Romance:
  • Asturian: curtar, cortar
  • Galician: cortar
  • Portuguese: cortar, ⇒ encurtar
    • → Kabuverdianu: korta
      • → Papiamentu: kòrta
  • Spanish: cortar
• ⇒ Vulgar Latin:
  • *adcurtāre
    • Italian: accortare
  • *adcurtiāre
    • Italian: accorciare, accorcire (Tuscan)
    • Sicilian: accurzari
• Borrowings:
  • → English: curt
  • → Interlingua: curtar

References

• “curto”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “curto”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “curto”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.

Neapolitan

Etymology

Inherited from Latin curtus.

Pronunciation

• (Naples) IPA^(key): [ˈkurtə]

Adjective

curto (feminine singular corta, masculine plural curte, feminine plural corte)

1. short

References

• Giacco, Giuseppe (2003), “curto-corta”, in Schedario Napoletano

Portuguese

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈkuʁ.tu/ [ˈkuh.tu]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈkuʁ.tu/ [ˈkuh.tu]
  • (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /ˈkuɾ.tu/
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /ˈkuʁ.tu/ [ˈkuχ.tu]
  • (Caipira) IPA^(key): /ˈkuɻ.tu/
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈkuʁ.to/ [ˈkuh.to]

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ˈkuɾ.tu/

• Rhymes: (Brazil) -uʁtu, (Portugal) -uɾtu
• Hyphenation: cur‧to

Etymology 1

From Old Galician-Portuguese curto, corto, from Latin curtus, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker-, *(s)k(ʷ)Art-, *(s)k(ʷ)Ard- (“short”).

Adjective

curto (feminine curta, masculine plural curtos, feminine plural curtas, diminutive curtinho)

1. short (having a small distance between ends or edges)

   Antonyms: longo, comprido

2. short (of little duration)

   Antonyms: longo, comprido

   • 2012, Luís Fernando Veríssimo, “Os pêssegos”, in Diálogos Impossíveis, Rio de Janeiro: Editora Objetiva, →ISBN, page 29:

     Não se ouvia mais nada, além dos ruídos naturais do pôquer. O clicar das fichas. Frases curtas: "Dou cartas." "Vou." "Não vou." "Pago pra ver." "Não é possível!"

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Derived terms

• a curto prazo
• curto-circuito
• encurtar
• mentira tem perna curta
• pavio curto

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

curto

1. first-person singular present indicative of curtir

Further reading

• “curto”, in Dicionário Aulete Digital (in Portuguese), Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon Editora Digital, 2008–2026
• “curto”, in Dicionário infopédia da Lingua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2026
• “curto”, in Michaelis Dicionário Brasileiro da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), São Paulo: Editora Melhoramentos, 2015–2026, →ISBN
• “curto”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2026

Spanish

Verb

curto

1. first-person singular present indicative of curtir

Venetan

Etymology

From Latin curtus. Compare Italian corto.

Adjective

curto (feminine singular curta, masculine plural curti, feminine plural curte)

1. short
2. brief