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foulen

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

German

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Etymology

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Foul +‎ -en

Pronunciation

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Verb

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foulen (weak, third-person singular present foult, past tense foulte, past participle gefoult, auxiliary haben)

  1. (sports) to foul (to make contact with an opposing player in order to gain advantage)

Conjugation

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Further reading

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  • foulen” in Duden online
  • foulen”, in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache[1] (in German)

Middle English

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Etymology 1

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    Inherited from Old English fūlian, from Proto-West Germanic *fūlēn; by surface analysis, foul (foul) +‎ -en.

    The "damage" sense may be a semantic loan from Old French fouler.

    Alternative forms

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    Pronunciation

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    Verb

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    foulen (third-person singular simple present fouleth, present participle foulende, foulynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle fouled)

    1. (ambitransitive) To dirty or foul; to make or become dirty.
      Synonym: defoulen
    2. (ambitransitive) To damage or destroy; to seriously harm:
      Synonym: defoulen
      1. To pollute or defile; to make unclean or impure.
        Synonym: defoulen
      2. (rare) To disfigure or mutilate; to damage something's appearance.
        Synonym: defoulen
    3. (intransitive, rare) To defecate; to deposit feces.
    Conjugation
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    Conjugation of foulen (weak in -ed)
    infinitive (to) foulen, foule
    present tense past tense
    1st-person singular foule fouled
    2nd-person singular foulest fouledest
    3rd-person singular fouleth fouled
    subjunctive singular foule
    imperative singular
    plural1 foulen, foule fouleden, foulede
    imperative plural fouleth, foule
    participles foulynge, foulende fouled, yfouled

    1 Sometimes used as a formal 2nd-person singular.

    Descendants
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    • English: foul
    References
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    Etymology 2

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      Inherited from Old English fuglian, fugelian, from Proto-West Germanic *fuglōn; by surface analysis, foul (bird) +‎ -en.

      Alternative forms

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      Pronunciation

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      Verb

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      foulen (third-person singular simple present fouleth, present participle foulende, foulynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle fouled)

      1. (ambitransitive) To fowl; to hunt birds.
      Conjugation
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      Descendants
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      References
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