fouler

English

Etymology

foul +‎ -er.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈfaʊl.ə/
• IPA^(key): /ˈfaʊl.ɚ/

• Audio (US)

  (file)

• Homophone: fowler

• Audio (UK)

  (file)

Noun

fouler (plural foulers)

1. One who fouls.
   • 2015, Saleem Mustafa, ‎Rossita Shapawi, Aquaculture Ecosystems: Adaptability and Sustainability (page 119)

     For example, several species of hydroids and bryozoans are important foulers of salmon cages in Australia (Hodson et al., 2000) and Norway (Guenther et al., 2010).

Adjective

fouler

1. comparative form of foul: more foul

Anagrams

• refoul

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French

Etymology

From (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Middle French fouller (“to trample, mill, fordo, mistreat”), from (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Old French foler (“to crush, act wickedly”), from (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Latin fullō (“I trample, I full”). More at full.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /fu.le/
• Rhymes: -e
• Homophones: foulai, foulé, foulée, foulées, foulés, foulez

Verb

fouler

1. (transitive) to stamp, impress, dent; to mill
2. (transitive) to walk on, trample
3. (transitive) to oppress, mistreat
4. (transitive) to injure by knocking, bumping or dinting
5. (reflexive) to sprain

   Je me suis foulé la cheville en jouant au rugby

   I sprained my ankle playing rugby.

6. (takes a reflexive pronoun, chiefly in the negative, colloquial) to wear oneself out, to overdo it

   ne pas se fouler ― (please add an English translation of this usage example)

Conjugation

Conjugation of fouler (see also Appendix:French verbs)

infinitive	simple	fouler
	compound	avoir + past participle
present participle or gerund1	simple	foulant /fu.lɑ̃/
	compound	ayant + past participle
past participle		foulé /fu.le/
		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		je (j’)	tu	il, elle, on	nous	vous	ils, elles
(simple tenses)	present	foule /ful/	foules /ful/	foule /ful/	foulons /fu.lɔ̃/	foulez /fu.le/	foulent /ful/
	imperfect	foulais /fu.lɛ/	foulais /fu.lɛ/	foulait /fu.lɛ/	foulions /fu.ljɔ̃/	fouliez /fu.lje/	foulaient /fu.lɛ/
	past historic2	foulai /fu.le/	foulas /fu.la/	foula /fu.la/	foulâmes /fu.lam/	foulâtes /fu.lat/	foulèrent /fu.lɛʁ/
	future	foulerai /ful.ʁe/	fouleras /ful.ʁa/	foulera /ful.ʁa/	foulerons /ful.ʁɔ̃/	foulerez /ful.ʁe/	fouleront /ful.ʁɔ̃/
	conditional	foulerais /ful.ʁɛ/	foulerais /ful.ʁɛ/	foulerait /ful.ʁɛ/	foulerions /fu.lə.ʁjɔ̃/	fouleriez /fu.lə.ʁje/	fouleraient /ful.ʁɛ/
(compound tenses)	present perfect	present indicative of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
	past anterior2	past historic of avoir + past participle
	future perfect	future of avoir + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive		que je (j’)	que tu	qu’il, qu’elle	que nous	que vous	qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple tenses)	present	foule /ful/	foules /ful/	foule /ful/	foulions /fu.ljɔ̃/	fouliez /fu.lje/	foulent /ful/
	imperfect2	foulasse /fu.las/	foulasses /fu.las/	foulât /fu.la/	foulassions /fu.la.sjɔ̃/	foulassiez /fu.la.sje/	foulassent /fu.las/
(compound tenses)	past	present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect2	imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nous	vous	–
simple		—	foule /ful/	—	foulons /fu.lɔ̃/	foulez /fu.le/	—
compound		—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way: past historic → present perfect past anterior → pluperfect imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive (Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

Derived terms

• foule

Further reading

• “fouler”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.