gerti
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Lithuanian[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Proto-Balto-Slavic *gerˀtei (“devour, lap up”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʷerh₃- (“to devour”);[1] compare Latvian dzer̂t (“drink”), Proto-Slavic *žèrti (“to devour, glut”) (Old Church Slavonic пожрѣти, пожьрѫ (požrěti, požĭrǫ, “swallow, devour”), Polish żreć (“eat greedily”), Russian demotic нажраться (nažratʹsja, “to eat a lot; get drunk”)), Sanskrit गिरति (giráti, “devour”), Ancient Greek βιβρώσκω (bibrṓskō, “eat up”), Latin vorō (“devour, swallow”).
The present tense stem of the Slavic words < *gir- comes from the zero-grade of the root; compare girti (“get drunk”), girtas (“drunk”). See also gurklỹs (“craw, throat”) and gerklė (“throat”).
Pronunciation[edit]
Verb[edit]
gérti (third-person present tense gẽria, third-person past tense gė́rė)
- drink (consume liquid to quench thirst)
- drink (of alcoholic beverages), booze
- Synonym: girtauti
- soak up, absorb
Conjugation[edit]
Conjugation of gerti
| singular (vienaskaita) |
plural (daugiskaita) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person (pirmasis asmuo) |
2nd person (antrasis asmuo) |
3rd person (trečiasis asmuo) |
1st person (pirmasis asmuo) |
2nd person (antrasis asmuo) |
3rd person (trečiasis asmuo) | |||
| aš | tu | jis/ji | mes | jūs | jie/jos | |||
| indicative (tiesioginė nuosaka) |
present (esamasis laikas) |
geriù | gerì | gẽria | gẽriame, gẽriam |
gẽriate, gẽriat |
gẽria | |
| past (būtasis kartinis laikas) |
gė́riau | gė́rei | gė́rė | gė́rėme, gẽriom |
gė́rėte, gẽriot |
gė́rė | ||
| past frequentative (būtasis dažninis laikas) |
gérdavau | gérdavai | gérdavo | gérdavome, gérdavom |
gérdavote, gérdavot |
gérdavo | ||
| future (būsimasis laikas) |
gérsiu | gérsi | gérs | gérsime, gérsim |
gérsite, gérsit |
gérs | ||
| subjunctive (tariamoji nuosaka) |
gérčiau | gértum | gértų | gértumėme, gértumėm, gértume |
gértumėte, gértumėt |
gértų | ||
| imperative (liepiamoji nuosaka) |
— | gérk, gérki |
tegẽria | gérkime, gérkim |
gérkite, gérkit |
tegẽria | ||
Participles of gerti
| Adjectival (dalyviai) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| active | passive | ||
| present | gẽriąs, gẽriantis | gẽriamas | |
| past | gė́ręs | gértas | |
| past frequentative | gérdavęs | — | |
| future | gérsiąs, gérsiantis | gérsimas | |
| participle of necessity | — | gértinas | |
| Adverbial | |||
| special (pusdalyvis) | gérdamas | ||
| half-participle (padalyviai) |
present | gẽriant | |
| past | gė́rus | ||
| past frequentative | gérdavus | ||
| future | gérsiant | ||
| manner of action (būdinys) | gérte, gértinai | ||
Derived terms[edit]
prefixed forms of gerti
Related terms[edit]
References[edit]
- ^ Derksen, Rick (2015) “gerti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 172