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gerti

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

Lithuanian

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Etymology

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From Proto-Balto-Slavic *gerˀtei (devour, lap up), from Proto-Indo-European *gʷerh₃- (to devour);[1] compare Latvian dzer̂t (drink), Proto-Slavic *žèrti (to devour, glut) (Old Church Slavonic пожрѣти, пожьрѫ (požrěti, požĭrǫ, swallow, devour), Polish żreć (eat greedily), Russian demotic нажраться (nažratʹsja, to eat a lot; get drunk)), Sanskrit गिरति (giráti, devour), Ancient Greek βιβρώσκω (bibrṓskō, eat up), Latin vorō (devour, swallow).

The present tense stem of the Slavic words < *gir- comes from the zero-grade of the root; compare girti (get drunk), girtas (drunk). See also gurklỹs (craw, throat) and gerklė (throat).

Pronunciation

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Verb

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gérti (third-person present tense gẽria, third-person past tense gė́rė)

  1. drink (consume liquid to quench thirst)
    Ji̇̀s nóri gérti alaũsHe wants to drink some beer
  2. drink (of alcoholic beverages), booze
    Synonym: girtauti
  3. soak up, absorb
    Synonyms: traukti, siurbti, skverbtis, sunktis
    Kempi̇̀nė gẽria vándenįThe sponge soaks up water

Conjugation

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Conjugation of gerti
singular vienaskaita plural daugiskaita
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
tu jis/ji mes jūs jie/jos
indicative present geriù geri̇̀ gẽria gẽriame,
gẽriam
gẽriate,
gẽriat
gẽria
past gė́riau gė́rei gė́rė gė́rėme,
gẽriom
gė́rėte,
gẽriot
gė́rė
past frequentative gérdavau gérdavai gérdavo gérdavome,
gérdavom
gérdavote,
gérdavot
gérdavo
future gérsiu gérsi gérs gérsime,
gérsim
gérsite,
gérsit
gérs
subjunctive gérčiau gértum gértų gértumėme,
gértumėm,
gértume
gértumėte,
gértumėt
gértų
imperative gérk,
gérki
tegẽria gérkime,
gérkim
gérkite,
gérkit
tegẽria
Participles of gerti
adjectival (dalyviai)
active passive
present gẽriąs, gẽriantis gẽriomas
past gė́ręs gértas
past frequentative gérdavęs
future gérsiąs, gérsiantis gérsimas
participle of necessity gértinas
adverbial
special pusdalyvis gérdamas
half-participle present gẽriant
past gė́rus
past frequentative gérdavus
future gérsiant
manner of action būdinys gérte, gértinai

Derived terms

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References

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  1. ^ Derksen, Rick (2015) “gerti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 172