hybrid

English

Etymology

Known in English since 1601, but rare before c.1850. From Latin hybrida, a variant of hibrida (“a mongrel; specifically, offspring of a tame sow and a wild boar”).

Pronunciation

• enPR: hī'brĭd, IPA^(key): /ˈhaɪ.bɹɪd/

• Audio (US):

  (file)

Noun

hybrid (plural hybrids)

1. (biology) Offspring resulting from cross-breeding different entities, e.g. two different species or two purebred parent strains.
2. Something of mixed origin or composition; often, a tool or technology that combines the benefits of formerly separate tools or technologies.
   1. (linguistics) A word whose elements are derived from different languages.
   2. A hybrid vehicle (especially a car), one that runs on both fuel (gasoline/diesel) and electricity (battery or energy from the sun).
   3. (cycling) A bicycle that is a compromise between a road bike and a mountain bike.
   4. (golf) A golf club that combines the characteristics of an iron and a wood.
   5. An electronic circuit constructed of individual devices bonded to a substrate or PCB.
   6. A computer that is part analog computer and part digital computer.

Synonyms

• (biology): bastard, crossbred/crossbreed/cross-breed, mixling

Translations

biology: offspring resulting from crossbreeding

• Belarusian: гібры́д m (hibrýd)
• Bulgarian: кръстоска f (krǎstoska), хибри́д m (hibríd)
• Catalan: híbrid (ca) m
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 雜種／杂种 (zh) (zázhǒng), 杂种 (zh) (zázhǒng)

• Czech: kříženec (cs) m
• Dutch: kruising (nl), hybride (nl) m
• Esperanto: krucbredulo
• Finnish: hybridi (fi), risteytys (fi)
• French: hybride (fr) m or f
• Galician: híbrido m
• Georgian: ჰიბრიდი (ka) (hibridi), ნაჯვარი (naǯvari), ჯიშნარევი (ǯišnarevi)
• German: Blendling m, Mischling (de) m, Kreuzling f, Kreuzung (de) f, Bastard (de) m, Hybride (de) f, Hybride (de) m, Hybrid (de) m
• Greek: υβρίδιο (el) n (yvrídio)
• Hebrew: כלאיים \ כִּלְאַיִם m pl (kil'áyim), בֶּן תַּעֲרוֹבֶת m (ben ta'aróvet)
• Indonesian: hibrida (id), blasteran (id)
• Irish: hibrid f, cros-síolrach m
• Italian: ibrido (it) m, incrocio (it) m, meticcio (it) m
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
• Japanese: 雑種 (ざっしゅ, zasshu)
• Korean: 잡종 (ko) (japjong)
• Latin: hybrida f, hybridus m
• Malay: kacukan
• Maori: momorua
• Mongolian: эрлийз (mn) (erliiz)
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: hybrid (no) m

  Nynorsk: hybrid m

• Polish: hybryda (pl) f, krzyżówka (pl) f, mieszaniec (pl) m
• Portuguese: híbrido (pt) m
• Russian: гибри́д (ru) m (gibríd), по́месь (ru) f (pómesʹ)
• Spanish: híbrido (es) m
• Swedish: hybrid (sv) c, korsning (sv) c, blandras (sv) c
• Ukrainian: гібри́д m (hibrýd)
• Vietnamese: tạp chủng (vi) (雜種)

something of mixed origin

• Bulgarian: хибрид m (hibrid)
• Catalan: híbrid (ca) m
• Czech: hybrid (cs) m
• Dutch: hybride (nl) m
• Finnish: hybridi (fi), risteymä (fi), sekamuoto
• Georgian: ჰიბრიდი (ka) (hibridi)
• Indonesian: hibrida (id), campuran (id)
• Italian: ibrido (it) m
• Latin: hybrida f, hybridus m
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
• Malay: kacukan, hibrid
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: hybrid (no) m

  Nynorsk: hybrid m

• Portuguese: híbrido (pt) m
• Russian: гибри́д (ru) m (gibríd), по́месь (ru) f (pómesʹ)
• Spanish: híbrido (es) m
• Swedish: hybrid (sv) c

word derived from different languages

• Catalan: híbrid (ca) m
• Dutch: hybridisch woord n
• French: hybride (fr) m or f
• German: Bastardwort (de) n, Hybridwort n, hybrides Wort n, Mischwort n, Zwitterwort n; Vox hybrida f, vox hybrida f (often printed in antiqua when using fraktur or printed in italics when using antiqua)
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
• Italian: ibrido (it) m
• Latin: vox hybrida f (New Latin)
• Russian: гибри́д (ru) m (gibríd)

car that runs on both fuel and electricity

• Bulgarian: хибрид m (hibrid)
• Catalan: híbrid (ca) m
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 混合動力汽車／混合动力汽车, 混合动力汽车 (hùnhé dònglì qìchē)

• Dutch: (auto/ wagen etc.) hybride (nl)
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
• Finnish: hybridi (fi), hybridiauto (fi)
• German: Hybridfahrzeug
• Latin: autocinetum materiae propulsoriae miscellae n
• Portuguese: híbrido (pt) m
• Swedish: hybrid (sv) c

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Translations to be checked

• Arabic: ^{(please verify)} هجين
• Italian: (4) ^{(please verify)} ibrido (it) m
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
• Serbo-Croatian: ^{(please verify)} mešanac (sh) m, ^{(please verify)} mešanka (sh) f

Adjective

hybrid (comparative more hybrid, superlative most hybrid)

1. Consisting of diverse 'hybridized' components.

Translations

consisting of diverse components

• Asturian: híbridu
• Bulgarian: хибри́ден (hibríden)
• Catalan: híbrid (ca)
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 混血 (zh) (hùnxuè, hùnxuě, hùnxiě)

• Dutch: ^{(please verify)} hybridisch (nl), ^{(please verify)} hybride- (nl) , ^{(please verify)} gehybridiseerd, ^{(please verify)} gekruisd
• Finnish: sekamuotoinen
• French: hybride (fr) m or f
• Georgian: ჰიბრიდული (ჰიბრიდული)
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
• German: hybrid (de)
• Irish: hibrideach, cros-síolrach, croschineálach
• Italian: ibrido (it)
• Latin: miscellus
• Portuguese: híbrido (pt)
• Russian: гибри́дный (ru) (gibrídnyj)
• Spanish: híbrido (es)
• Turkish: melez (tr)

Related terms

• hybrida
• hybrid bill
• hybrid car
• hybrid computer
• hybridise / hybridize
• hybridism
• hybridist
• hybridity
• hybrid tea, hybrid tea rose

 

See also

• transgenic
• cultivar

References

• hybrid, page 216, chapter: A Miscegenation Vocabulary in Interracialism, Terms from the Oxford English Dictionary, book: Black White Intermarriage in American History, Literature and Law, Edited by Werner Sollor, Oxford University Press, 2000 [1]
• “hybrid”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
• “hybrid”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911, →OCLC.
• “hybrid”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.

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Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

From Latin hibrida

Noun

hybrid m (definite singular hybriden, indefinite plural hybrider, definite plural hybridene)

1. a hybrid

References

• “hybrid” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

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Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

From Latin hibrida

Noun

hybrid m (definite singular hybriden, indefinite plural hybridar, definite plural hybridane)

1. a hybrid

References

• “hybrid” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.