View source for ice

{{also|Appendix:Variations of "ice"}}
==Translingual==

===Symbol===
{{mul-symbol}}

# {{ISO 639|2B|is|Icelandic}}

==English==
[[Image:Eiszapfen Schwellenbach.jpg|thumb|right|Ice.]]

===Etymology===
From {{inh|en|enm|is}}, from {{inh|en|ang|īs|t=ice}}, from {{inh|en|gmw-pro|*īs}}, from  {{inh|en|gem-pro|*īsą|t=ice}}  from {{der|en|ine-pro|*h₁eyH-|t=ice, frost}}.

{{rel-top|Cognates}}
See also {{cog|stq|Íes}}, {{cog|fy|iis}}, {{cog|nl|ijs}}, {{cog|nds-de|Ies}}, {{cog|de|Eis}}, {{cog|da,no,sv|is}}; also {{cog|lt|ynis|ýnis|glazed frost}}, {{cog|ru|и́ней||hoarfrost}}, {{cog|os|их}}, {{m|os|ех||ice}}, {{cog|fa|یخ|tr=yax}}, {{cog|kmr|qeş}}. Superseded non-native {{ncog|enm|glace|t=ice}}, borrowed from {{ncog|fro|glace|t=ice}}.{{rel-bottom}}

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|en|/aɪs/|a=UK,US}}
* {{IPA|en|[ʌɪs]|a=CA,many US accents}}
* {{audio|en|en-us-ice.ogg|a=US}}
* {{audio|en|LL-Q1860 (eng)-Back ache-ice.wav|a=London}}
* {{rhymes|en|aɪs|s=1}}

===Noun===
{{en-noun|-|+}}

# [[water|Water]] in [[frozen]] ([[solid]]) form.
#* {{RQ:Shakespeare Hamlet Q1-2|act=III|scene=i|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jrU8AAAAYAAJ&pg=PT31|passage=If thou doſt marry, Ile giue thee / This plague to thy dowry: / Be thou as chaſte as '''yce''', as pure as ſnowe, / Thou ſhalt not ſcape calumny, to a Nunnery goe.}}
#* '''1882''', ''Popular Science Monthly'' (volume 20), "The Freezing of a Salt Lake"
#*: It has always been difficult to explain how '''ice''' is formed on the surface of oceans while the temperature of maximum density is lower than that of cogelation, and the observations on this lake were instituted in the hope that they might throw light upon the subject.
#* {{quote-journal|en|title=The climate of Tibet: Pole-land| date=2013-05-11| volume=407| issue=8835| page=80| magazine=w:The Economist| url=http://www.economist.com/news/science-and-technology/21577341-worlds-third-largest-area-ice-about-undergo-systematic| passage=Of all the transitions brought about on the Earth’s surface by temperature change, the melting of '''ice''' into water is the starkest. It is binary. And for the land beneath, the air above and the life around, it changes everything.}}
# {{lb|en|physics|astronomy}} Any frozen [[volatile]] chemical, such as ammonia or carbon dioxide.
# {{lb|en|astronomy}} Any [[volatile]] chemical, such as water, ammonia, or carbon dioxide, not necessarily in solid form, when discussing the composition of e.g. a planet as an ''ice'' giant vs a ''gas'' giant.
#* {{quote-book|en|date=2010-03-15|author=Lance K. Erickson|title=Space Flight: History, Technology, and Operations|publisher=Government Institutes|isbn=9781605906843|page=145|text=Above the core is the lower-density liquid mantle composed of ice materials under high pressure and temperature. This massive liquid layer would not be separated into layers of traditional ice compounds, but mixtures of radically different compounds originally consisting of water, carbon dioxide, methane, and ammonia {{...}} Since the mass of the planet is dominated by the liquid mantle that itself consists of heated '''ices''' under pressure, both Uranus and Neptune are classified as giant '''ice''' planets.}}
#* {{quote-book|en|date=2010-12-02|author=Raymond T. Pierrehumbert|title=Principles of Planetary Climate|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=9781139495066|page=20|text=Uranus and Neptune are {{...}} usually classified separately as ''ice giants'' because they contain a much higher proportion of ice-forming substances such as water, ammonia, and methane. {{...}} In the case of Uranus, the '''ice''' mantle must make up between 9.3 and 13.4 Earth masses worth of the total mass of the planet, which is 14.5 Earth masses. Similar proportions apply to Neptune. The commonly used term "'''ice''' mantle" is someone misleading, since the substance is actually a hot, slushy mixture that would be more aptly described as a water–ammonia ocean.}}
#* {{quote-book|en|title=Geophysical Exploration of the Solar System|passage=Neptune has one major moon: Triton, which is comparable in size to the Jovian moon Europa and at an average density of 2.061 g/cm{{sup|3}} widely understood to be covered by several hundred km of frozen or liquid '''ice'''.|year=2022|page=45|isbn=9780443186981|publisher=w:Elsevier|pageurl=https://www.google.ca/books/edition/Geophysical_Exploration_of_the_Solar_Sys/XZaDEAAAQBAJ?gbpv=1&pg=PA45}}
# {{lb|en|figuratively}} Something having an extreme [[coldness#Noun|coldness]] of manner.
#: {{ux|en|a heart of '''ice'''}}
#* {{quote-journal|en|author=Gay Degani|title=Scablands|work=w:The Saturday Evening Post|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230129202714/https://www.saturdayeveningpost.com/2023/01/scablands/|location=Indianapolis, I.N.|publisher=w:Saturday Evening Post Society|date=27 January 2023|issn=0048-9239|oclc=63202906|passage=Her eyes flash with anger, her voice '''ice'''. "You afraid of the law? You haven't changed. I want you out of my house ''now''."}}
# {{lb|en|ice hockey}} The area where a game of ice hockey is played.
#* '''2006''', CBC, Finland, Sweden 'the dream final', February 26 2002,
#*: The neighbouring countries have enjoyed many great battles on the '''ice'''. They last met for gold at the 1998 world championship, won by Sweden. Three years earlier, Finland bested Sweden for the only world title in its history.
# {{lb|en|now|_|dialectal}} [[icing#Noun|Icing]]; [[frosting#Noun|frosting]] ("a sweet, often creamy and thick glaze made primarily of sugar").
#* {{quote-book|en|author=Jean Faley|quotee=John McKee|title=Up Oor Close: Memories of Domestic Life in Glasgow Tenements, 1910–1945|location=Wendlebury, Oxon|publisher=White Cockade|year=1990|page=132|pageurl=https://archive.org/details/upoorclosememori0000unse/page/132/mode/1up|isbn=0-951-31244-8|passage=Well weddings, they were just the usual ... my big brother was married in the Masonic and the Co-operative done the party. Steak pie and tatties, and all that sort of stuff. The wee square Albert cake with '''ice''' on it, fruit cake. Then the wee dance after that. There was no drinking at oor wedding!}}
# {{lb|en|countable}}
## A frozen [[dessert]] made of fruit juice, water and sugar.
## {{lb|en|UK|dated}} An [[ice cream]].
## {{lb|en|obsolete}} An individual piece of ice.
# {{lb|en|slang|crime}}
## [[elephant|Elephant]] or [[rhinoceros]] [[ivory]] that has been [[poach]]ed and sold on the [[black market]].
## An [[artifact]] that has been [[smuggle]]d, especially one that is either [[clear]] or [[shiny]].
## {{cap|money}} paid as a [[bribe]].
##* {{quote-text|en|year=1960|author=United States. Congress|title=Congressional Record
|passage=Theater operators, theater party agents, playwrights, and others who have ready access to tickets may get in on the “'''ice'''” and sometimes the producer is in on it too.}}
##* {{quote-text|en|year=1970|title=Congressional Record: Proceedings and Debates
|passage=This “'''ice'''” is bribe money paid to public officials to purchase protection for illegal activities. {{...}} Just consider the “'''ice'''” money available to the men involved in the examples just cited.}}
## {{lb|en|[[drug]]s}} The [[crystal]] [[form]] of [[amphetamine]]-[[based]] [[drug]]s.
##* {{RQ:Noire Thug-A-Licious|page=122|passage=There were times when she could tell the Washingtons were overwhelmed by Jahlil's difficult ways, and one time Jessie even had the nerve to ask Carmiesha if she had smoked anything like crack or '''ice''' while she was pregnant with him.}}
# {{lb|en|slang}} One or more [[diamond]]s.
#* {{quote-song|en|title=Blueprint²|artist=w:Jay-Z|year=2002|passage=But you can't give cred to anything dude says / Same dude to give you '''ice''' and you owe him some head}}
#* {{quote-song|en|lyricist=Jordan Houston; Darnell Carlton; Paul Beauregard; Premro Smith; Marlon Goodwin; David Brown; Willie Hutchinson|passage=Ice on the wrist with the '''ice''' in the chains.|url=https://genius.com/Three-6-mafia-stay-fly-lyrics|title=Stay Fly|publisher=Sony BMG|year=2005|album=Most Known Unknown|artist=Three 6 Mafia (featuring Young Buck, 8 Ball, and MJG)}}
#* {{quote-book|en|date=2014-08-18|author=Sarah Ballance|title=The Marriage Agenda|publisher=Entangled: Indulgence|isbn=9781633750524
|text=[She had] eaten a dinner at better than a hundred dollars a bite and she had enough '''ice''' on her ring finger to sink the Titanic. Maybe she really didn't have any morals. But she had a chance. And she was taking it.}}
#* {{quote-book|en|date=2014-09-01|author=Keisha Ervin|title=Reckless 2: Nobody's Girl|publisher=Urban Books|isbn=9781622863341
|text=As she raised her left hand to get the crust out of her eye, she was blinded by the '''ice''' on her ring finger. Two bands filled with diamonds sat under and on top of her five-carat princess-cut engagement ring. Instantly, memories of her wedding day flooded her mind.}}

====Hyponyms====
{{col4
|en|anchor ice
|arena ice
|black ice
|blue ice
|brash ice
|choc ice
|dead ice
|drift ice
|dry ice
|Italian ice
|methane ice
|negative ice
|nitrogen ice
|pack ice
|pancake ice
|polar ice
|sea ice
|slob ice
|spin ice
|stagnant ice
|water ice
}}

====Derived terms====
{{der4|en|title=some may also be hyponyms|anticer
|anti-ice
|anti-icer
|artificial ice
|break the ice
|brinicle
|cat ice
|choc-ice
|clear ice
|cobblestone ice
|cold as ice
|cut ice
|deice
|de-ice
|deicer
|downhill ice cross
|fast ice
|field ice
|fire ice
|frazil ice
|fruit ice
|gletcher ice
|ground ice
|hair ice
|have no fear of ice cold beer
|home ice
|hot ice
|hummocky ice
|ice age
|ice-albedo feedback
|ice alga
|ice anchor
|iceane
|ice apple
|ice ax
|ice axe
|ice bag
|iceball
|ice barrier
|ice bath
|ice bear
|ice beer
|icebelt
|iceberg
|icebird
|iceblink
|iceblock
|ice blonde
|ice blue
|iceboard
|ice boat
|iceboat
|iceboating
|icebound
|icebow
|icebox
|ice box
|ice breaker
|icebreaker
|icebreaking
|ice bridge
|ice bucket
|ice bucket challenge
|ice burn
|ice-calm
|ice candle
|ice candy
|ice cap
|icecap
|ice carousel
|ice castle
|ice cave
|ice chest
|ice cider
|ice circle
|Ice City
|ice climbing
|icecold
|ice cold
|ice-cold
|ice cool
|ice core
|ice-covered
|icecraft
|ice crawler
|ice cream
|icecrete
|icecross
|ice cross
|ice cross downhill
|ice cube
|ice cube tray
|ice cupboard
|ice dam
|ice-dammed
|ice dance
|ice dancing
|ice disc
|ice disk
|ice diving
|ice dragon boat
|ice dragon boating
|icedrake
|ice drop
|icedrop
|ice dwarf
|icefall
|ice feather
|ice fern
|ice field
|ice fish
|icefish
|ice fishing
|ice-float
|icefloe
|ice floe
|ice fog
|ice foot
|icefoot
|ice fountain
|ice fractal
|ice-free
|ice giant
|ice giant planet
|ice girl
|ice-hearted
|ice hockey
|ice hole
|icehouse
|ice house
|ice husband
|ice ice water
|ice-jack
|ice jam
|ice kachang
|icekhana
|Iceland
|iceless
|icelight
|icelike
|ice lol
|ice lolly
|ice luge
|ice machine
|ice maiden
|icemaker
|icemaking
|iceman
|ice-marginal
|icemelt
|ice milk
|ice-minus
|ice minus
|ice monkey
|ice moon
|ice needle
|ice nucleus
|ice-out
|ice out
|ice pack
|ice-pail
|ice palace
|ice pellet
|ice perry
|ice pick
|ice pillar
|ice plant
|ice plough
|ice plow
|ice point
|ice pole
|ice pop
|iceproof
|icequake
|ice queen
|icer
|ice racing
|ice resurfacer
|ice-rich
|ice rink
|ice road
|ice run
|ice-safe
|ice saints
|ice-saw
|icescape
|ice scooter
|ice scour
|ice scramble
|ice scraper
|ice sculpture
|ice sheet
|ice shelf
|ice shove
|ice show
|ice skate
|ice skating
|ice sled
|ice sledge
|ice spar
|icestone
|ice storm
|icestorm
|ice stupa
|ice swimmer
|ice swimming
|ice tea
|iceteroid
|ice time
|icetime
|ice tongue
|icetray
|ice tray
|ice tsunami
|ice-volcanic
|ice volcano
|ice wagon
|iceward
|icewards
|ice water
|iceway
|iceways
|ice wedge
|ice whale
|ice wife
|ice wine
|icewoman
|icework
|iceworks
|ice worm
|ice yacht
|ice yachting
|icicle
|icy
|keep one's stick on the ice
|keep someone on ice
|lolly ice
|Minnesota ice
|mop up the ice
|needle ice
|nonice
|off-ice
|on ice
|on thin ice
|put someone on ice
|sailing-ice
|sea ice
|sea-ice
|sell ice to Eskimos
|shatter the ice
|shaved ice
|shave ice
|shell ice
|skate on thin ice
|snice
|stink on ice
|stream ice
|synthetic ice
|time on ice
|trash ice
|water ice
|water-ice
|whelping ice
|young ice
}}

====Descendants====
{{top3}}
* {{desc|bi|aes}}
* {{desc|kxd|ais|bor=1}}
* {{desc|ja|アイス|tr=aisu|bor=1}}
* {{desc|ko|아이스|bor=1}}
* {{desc|ms|ais|bor=1}}
* {{desc|bor=1|mh|aej|aij}}
* {{desc|si|අයිස්|bor=1}}
* {{desc|tkl|aiha|bor=1}}
{{bottom}}

====Translations====
{{see translation subpage|Noun}}

===Verb===
{{en-verb}}

# {{lb|en|intransitive}} To become [[#Noun|ice]]; to [[freeze]].
# {{lb|en|transitive}} To [[cool]] with [[#Noun|ice]], as a beverage.
#* {{quote-text|en|year=2008|author=Deirdre Pitney; Donna Dourney|title=Triathlon Training For Dummies|page=240
|passage=To treat runner's knee, you need to rest from running or any other high-impact activity, '''ice''' the knee, and strengthen the quadriceps through weight training.}}
# {{lb|en|transitive}} To make [[icy]]; to [[freeze]].
# {{lb|en|transitive}} To cover with [[icing]] (frosting made of sugar and milk or white of egg); to [[frost]]; as cakes, tarts, etc.
# {{lb|en|transitive|ice hockey}} To put out a team for a match.
#: {{ux|en|Milton Keynes have yet to '''ice''' a team this season}}
# {{lb|en|transitive|ice hockey}} To shoot the puck the length of the playing surface, causing a stoppage in play called [[icing]].
#: {{ux|en|If the Bruins '''ice''' the puck, the faceoff will be in their own zone.}}
# {{lb|en|transitive|slang}} To [[murder#Verb|murder]].
#* {{quote-book|en|author=Gavin Knight|title=Hood Rat|location=London|publisher=[[w:Picador (imprint)|Picador]]|year=2011|page=158|pageurl=https://archive.org/details/hoodrat0000knig_y6z4/page/158/mode/1up|isbn=978-0-330-52307-3|passage=Not long afterwards Wolf rings him up. 'I want you to '''ice''' someone for £15,000, he says. "No one you know."}}

====Derived terms====
{{der2
|en|ice over|ice down
|ice up
|re-ice}}

====Translations====
{{trans-top|to cool with ice}}
* Dutch: {{t|nl|op ijs leggen}}
* Estonian: {{t|et|jahutama}}
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|jäähdyttää}}
* Indonesian: {{t|id|berdingin es}}
* Italian: {{t+|it|raffreddare}}
* Macedonian: {{t|mk|разладува}}
* Norwegian: {{t|no|ise}}
* Portuguese: {{t+|pt|gelar}}
* Romanian: {{t+|ro|răci}}
* Russian: {{t+|ru|охлажда́ть}}
* Slovak: {{t|sk|chladiť}}
* Turkish: {{t+|tr|soğutmak}}
{{trans-bottom}}

{{trans-top|to freeze}}
* Bulgarian: {{t+|bg|замразявам}}
* Dutch: {{t+|nl|bevriezen}}
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|jäätyä}} {{qualifier|intransitive}}, {{t+|fi|jäädyttää}} {{qualifier|transitive}}, {{t+|fi|pakastaa}} {{qualifier|transitive}}
* French: {{t+|fr|congeler}}, {{t+|fr|geler}}, {{t+|fr|glacer}}
* Galician: {{t+|gl|conxelar}}
* German: {{t+|de|einfrieren}}, {{t+|de|frieren}}
* Indonesian: {{t+|id|membeku}}, {{t|id|menjadi es}}
* Italian: {{t+|it|gelare}}, {{t+|it|ghiacciare}}, {{t+|it|congelare}}
* Japanese: {{t+|ja|凍る|tr=[[こおる]], kōru|sc=Jpan}}
* Korean: {{t+|ko|얼다}}
* Latin: {{t|la|gelo}}, {{t|la|glacio}}
* Luxembourgish: {{t|lb|fréieren}}, {{t|lb|afréieren}}
* Macedonian: {{t|mk|мрзне}}, {{t|mk|се замрзнува}}
* Mandarin: {{t+|cmn|冰冻|tr=bīngdòng|sc=Hani}}
* Norwegian: {{t+|no|fryse}}
* Portuguese: {{t+|pt|congelar}}, {{t+|pt|gelar}}
* Romanian: {{t+|ro|îngheța}}, {{t+|ro|congela}}
* Russian: {{t+|ru|замора́живать}}, {{t+|ru|замора́живаться}}
* Slovak: {{t|sk|zmraziť}}
* Spanish: {{t+|es|congelar}}
* Turkish: {{t+|tr|dondurmak}}
{{trans-bottom}}

{{trans-top|to murder}}
* Bulgarian: {{t+|bg|убивам}}
* Dutch: {{t|nl|koudmaken}}
* Finnish: {{qualifier|slang}} {{t|fi|[[pistää]] [[kylmäksi]]}}
* French: {{t+|fr|refroidir}} {{qualifier|slang}}
* Italian: {{t+|it|freddare}}
* Portuguese: {{t+|pt|assassinar}}
* Romanian: {{t+|ro|răci}}
* Russian: {{t+|ru|замочи́ть|pf}}
{{trans-bottom}}

{{trans-top|to cover with icing}}
* Bulgarian: {{t|bg|глазирам}}
* Dutch: {{t+|nl|glaceren}}
* Estonian: {{t|et|glasuurima}}
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|kuorruttaa}}
* French: {{t+|fr|glacer}}
* Italian: {{t|it|glassare}}
* Norwegian: {{t|no|islegge}}
* Portuguese: {{t+|pt|cobrir}}
* Romanian: {{t+|ro|glasa}}
* Russian: {{t+|ru|глазирова́ть|impf}}
* Swedish: {{t+|sv|glasera}}
{{trans-bottom}}

{{trans-top|ice hockey: to put a team on ice for a match}}
* Finnish: {{t|fi|[[tuoda]] [[jäälle]]}}
{{trans-bottom}}

{{trans-top|ice hockey: to shoot an icing}}
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|pitkä kiekko|alt=lyödä pitkä kiekko}}
{{trans-bottom}}

===References===
* {{R:Greens|id=jlzl5ey|pos=n|sense=1}}
* {{R:Greens|id=h2ovtii|pos=v}}

===Further reading===
* {{R:WebMineral}}
* {{R:mindat}}
* {{pedia}}

===Anagrams===
* {{anagrams|en|a=cei|CEI|EIC|IEC}}

{{c|en|Ice}}

==Hausa==

===Etymology===
{{unc|ha}}, perhaps from a {{der|ha|ssa-sah|-}} language; compare {{cog|dzg|idi}}.

===Pronunciation===
* {{ha-IPA|icḕ}}

===Noun===
{{ha-noun|m|icḕ}}

# [[wood]]
# [[tree]]
# [[stick]]

{{topics|ha|Plants}}

==Latin==

===Verb===
{{head|la|verb form|head=īce}}

# {{inflection of|la|īciō||2|s|pres|actv|impr}}

==Manchu==

===Romanization===
{{head|mnc|romanization|sc=Latn}}

# {{romanization of|mnc|ᡳᠴᡝ}}

==Middle English==

===Noun===
{{enm-noun|-}}

# {{alt form|enm|is|t=ice|id=ice}}

==Old English==

===Pronunciation===
* {{ang-IPA|īċe}}

===Verb===
{{head|ang|verb form|head=īċe}}

# {{infl of|ang|īċan||1|s|pres|indc|;|s|pres|subj}}

==Portuguese==

===Verb===
{{head|pt|verb form}}

# {{pt-verb form of|içar}}

==Salar==

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|slr|[eʝɑ]|a=Mengda,Xunhua,Qinghai}}

===Noun===
{{slr-noun|si|ler}}

# {{alternative form of |slr|ica}}
#: {{syn|slr|ama}}

===References===
* {{R:slr:Stroy|page=335, 336, 342|ica, ice, icü...}}
* {{R:slr:Ayso|page=3-4|ici, ice}}

==Spanish==

===Pronunciation===
{{es-pr|+<hmp:hice>}}

===Verb===
{{head|es|verb form}}

# {{es-verb form of|izar}}