infringir

Catalan

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin īnfringere, with normal change of conjugation to -ir.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Northern, Balearic, Central, Northwestern) [iɱ.fɾiɲˈʒi]
• IPA^(key): (Valencia) [iɱ.fɾiɲˈd͡ʒiɾ]

• Audio (Barcelona):

  (file)

• Homophone: infringí

Verb

infringir (first-person singular present infringeixo, first-person singular preterite infringí, past participle infringit)

1. (transitive) This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Conjugation

    Central Catalan conjugation of infringir (third conjugation, with -eix-)

infinitive			infringir
gerund			infringint
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		infringit		infringida
		plural		infringits		infringides
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	infringeixo	infringeixes	infringeix	infringim	infringiu	infringeixen
	imperfect	infringia	infringies	infringia	infringíem	infringíeu	infringien
	future	infringiré	infringiràs	infringirà	infringirem	infringireu	infringiran
	preterite	infringí	infringires	infringí	infringírem	infringíreu	infringiren
	conditional	infringiria	infringiries	infringiria	infringiríem	infringiríeu	infringirien
subjunctive		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	infringeixi	infringeixis	infringeixi	infringim	infringiu	infringeixin
	imperfect	infringís	infringissis	infringís	infringíssim	infringíssiu	infringissin
imperative		—	tu	vostè	nosaltres	vosaltres vós	vostès
	affirmative	—	infringeix	infringeixi	infringim	infringiu	infringeixin
	negative (no)	—	no infringeixis	no infringeixi	no infringim	no infringiu	no infringeixin

Galician

Verb

infringir (first-person singular present infrinjo, first-person singular preterite infringim or infringi, past participle infringido, reintegrationist norm)

1. reintegrationist spelling of infrinxir

References

• “infringir”, in Dicionário Estraviz de galego (in Galician), 2014–2026

Portuguese

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *h₁én

Proto-Italic *en

Proto-Italic *en-

Latin in-

Proto-Indo-European *bʰreg-

Proto-Indo-European *-né-

Latin frangō

Latin īnfringerebor.

Portuguese infringir

Borrowed from Latin īnfringere.

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ĩ.fɾĩˈʒi(ʁ)/ [ĩ.fɾĩˈʒi(h)]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ĩ.fɾĩˈʒi(ʁ)/ [ĩ.fɾĩˈʒi(h)]
  • (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /ĩ.fɾĩˈʒi(ɾ)/
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /ĩ.fɾĩˈʒi(ʁ)/ [ĩ.fɾĩˈʒi(χ)]
  • (Caipira) IPA^(key): /ĩ.fɾĩˈʒi(ɻ)/

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ĩ.fɾĩˈʒiɾ/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ĩ.fɾĩˈʒiɾ/
  • (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /ĩ.fɾĩˈʒi.ɾi/

• Hyphenation: in‧frin‧gir

Verb

infringir (first-person singular present infrinjo, first-person singular preterite infringi, past participle infringido)

1. (transitive) to infringe (violate a treaty, a law, a right etc.)

Conjugation

    Conjugation of infringir (g-j alternation) (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	infringir
Personal	infringir	infringires	infringir	infringirmos	infringirdes	infringirem
Gerund
	infringindo
Past participle
Masculine	infringido			infringidos
Feminine	infringida			infringidas
Indicative
Present	infrinjo	infringes	infringe	infringimos	infringis	infringem
Imperfect	infringia	infringias	infringia	infringíamos	infringíeis	infringiam
Preterite	infringi	infringiste	infringiu	infringimos	infringistes	infringiram
Pluperfect	infringira	infringiras	infringira	infringíramos	infringíreis	infringiram
Future	infringirei	infringirás	infringirá	infringiremos	infringireis	infringirão
Conditional	infringiria	infringirias	infringiria	infringiríamos	infringiríeis	infringiriam
Subjunctive
Present	infrinja	infrinjas	infrinja	infrinjamos	infrinjais	infrinjam
Imperfect	infringisse	infringisses	infringisse	infringíssemos	infringísseis	infringissem
Future	infringir	infringires	infringir	infringirmos	infringirdes	infringirem
Imperative
Affirmative		infringe	infrinja	infrinjamos	infringi	infrinjam
Negative (não)		não infrinjas	não infrinja	não infrinjamos	não infrinjais	não infrinjam

Related terms

• infrator

Further reading

• “infringir” in Dicionário Aberto based on Novo Diccionário da Língua Portuguesa de Cândido de Figueiredo, 1913
• “infringir”, in Michaelis Dicionário Brasileiro da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), São Paulo: Editora Melhoramentos, 2015–2026, →ISBN
• “infringir”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2026

Spanish

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *h₁én

Proto-Italic *en

Proto-Italic *en-

Latin in-

Proto-Indo-European *bʰreg-

Proto-Indo-European *-né-

Latin frangō

Latin īnfringerebor.

Spanish infringir

Borrowed from Latin īnfringere.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /infɾinˈxiɾ/ [ĩɱ.fɾĩŋˈxiɾ]
• Rhymes: -iɾ
• Syllabification: in‧frin‧gir

Verb

infringir (first-person singular present infrinjo, first-person singular preterite infringí, past participle infringido)

1. to infringe

Conjugation

    Conjugation of infringir (g-j alternation) (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)

infinitive			infringir
gerund			infringiendo
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		infringido		infringida
		plural		infringidos		infringidas
		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	infrinjo	infringestú infringísvos	infringe	infringimos	infringís	infringen
	imperfect	infringía	infringías	infringía	infringíamos	infringíais	infringían
	preterite	infringí	infringiste	infringió	infringimos	infringisteis	infringieron
	future	infringiré	infringirás	infringirá	infringiremos	infringiréis	infringirán
	conditional	infringiría	infringirías	infringiría	infringiríamos	infringiríais	infringirían
subjunctive		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	infrinja	infrinjastú infrinjásvos2	infrinja	infrinjamos	infrinjáis	infrinjan
	imperfect (ra)	infringiera	infringieras	infringiera	infringiéramos	infringierais	infringieran
	imperfect (se)	infringiese	infringieses	infringiese	infringiésemos	infringieseis	infringiesen
	future1	infringiere	infringieres	infringiere	infringiéremos	infringiereis	infringieren
imperative		—	tú vos	usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ustedes
	affirmative		infringetú infringívos	infrinja	infrinjamos	infringid	infrinjan
	negative		no infrinjas	no infrinja	no infrinjamos	no infrinjáis	no infrinjan

¹Rare; now chiefly used in legal language.
²Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tuteo-form for the present subjunctive.

    Selected combined forms of infringir (g-j alternation)

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
with infinitive infringir	dative	infringirme	infringirte	infringirle, infringirse	infringirnos	infringiros	infringirles, infringirse
	accusative	infringirme	infringirte	infringirlo, infringirla, infringirse	infringirnos	infringiros	infringirlos, infringirlas, infringirse
with gerund infringiendo	dative	infringiéndome	infringiéndote	infringiéndole, infringiéndose	infringiéndonos	infringiéndoos	infringiéndoles, infringiéndose
	accusative	infringiéndome	infringiéndote	infringiéndolo, infringiéndola, infringiéndose	infringiéndonos	infringiéndoos	infringiéndolos, infringiéndolas, infringiéndose
with informal second-person singular tuteo imperative infringe	dative	infríngeme	infríngete	infríngele	infríngenos	not used	infríngeles
	accusative	infríngeme	infríngete	infríngelo, infríngela	infríngenos	not used	infríngelos, infríngelas
with informal second-person singular voseo imperative infringí	dative	infringime	infringite	infringile	infringinos	not used	infringiles
	accusative	infringime	infringite	infringilo, infringila	infringinos	not used	infringilos, infringilas
with formal second-person singular imperative infrinja	dative	infrínjame	not used	infrínjale, infrínjase	infrínjanos	not used	infrínjales
	accusative	infrínjame	not used	infrínjalo, infrínjala, infrínjase	infrínjanos	not used	infrínjalos, infrínjalas
with first-person plural imperative infrinjamos	dative	not used	infrinjámoste	infrinjámosle	infrinjámonos	infrinjámoos	infrinjámosles
	accusative	not used	infrinjámoste	infrinjámoslo, infrinjámosla	infrinjámonos	infrinjámoos	infrinjámoslos, infrinjámoslas
with informal second-person plural imperative infringid	dative	infringidme	not used	infringidle	infringidnos	infringíos	infringidles
	accusative	infringidme	not used	infringidlo, infringidla	infringidnos	infringíos	infringidlos, infringidlas
with formal second-person plural imperative infrinjan	dative	infrínjanme	not used	infrínjanle	infrínjannos	not used	infrínjanles, infrínjanse
	accusative	infrínjanme	not used	infrínjanlo, infrínjanla	infrínjannos	not used	infrínjanlos, infrínjanlas, infrínjanse

Related terms

• frangir

Further reading

• “infringir”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8.1, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 15 December 2025