initio

Latin

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /iˈni.ti.oː/, [ɪˈnɪt̪ioː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /iˈnit.t͡si.o/, [iˈnit̪ː͡s̪io]

Etymology 1

From initium (“beginning”) +‎ -ō.

Verb

initiō (present infinitive initiāre, perfect active initiāvī, supine initiātum); first conjugation

1. to begin, originate

   Synonyms: incohō, exōrdior, occipiō, incipiō, coepiō, ōrdior, ineō, ingredior, aggredior, sūmō, moveō, committō, exorior, mōlior

   Antonyms: dēsistō, subsistō, cessō

2. to initiate, consecrate

Conjugation

   Conjugation of initiō (first conjugation)

indicative		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	initiō		initiās		initiat		initiāmus		initiātis		initiant
	imperfect	initiābam		initiābās		initiābat		initiābāmus		initiābātis		initiābant
	future	initiābō		initiābis		initiābit		initiābimus		initiābitis		initiābunt
	perfect	initiāvī		initiāvistī		initiāvit		initiāvimus		initiāvistis		initiāvērunt, initiāvēre
	pluperfect	initiāveram		initiāverās		initiāverat		initiāverāmus		initiāverātis		initiāverant
	future perfect	initiāverō		initiāveris		initiāverit		initiāverimus		initiāveritis		initiāverint
passive	present	initior		initiāris, initiāre		initiātur		initiāmur		initiāminī		initiantur
	imperfect	initiābar		initiābāris, initiābāre		initiābātur		initiābāmur		initiābāminī		initiābantur
	future	initiābor		initiāberis, initiābere		initiābitur		initiābimur		initiābiminī		initiābuntur
	perfect	initiātus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	initiātus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	initiātus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	initiem		initiēs		initiet		initiēmus		initiētis		initient
	imperfect	initiārem		initiārēs		initiāret		initiārēmus		initiārētis		initiārent
	perfect	initiāverim		initiāverīs		initiāverit		initiāverīmus		initiāverītis		initiāverint
	pluperfect	initiāvissem		initiāvissēs		initiāvisset		initiāvissēmus		initiāvissētis		initiāvissent
passive	present	initier		initiēris, initiēre		initiētur		initiēmur		initiēminī		initientur
	imperfect	initiārer		initiārēris, initiārēre		initiārētur		initiārēmur		initiārēminī		initiārentur
	perfect	initiātus + present active subjunctive of sum
	pluperfect	initiātus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	—		initiā		—		—		initiāte		—
	future	—		initiātō		initiātō		—		initiātōte		initiantō
passive	present	—		initiāre		—		—		initiāminī		—
	future	—		initiātor		initiātor		—		—		initiantor
non-finite forms		infinitive						participle
		active			passive			active			passive
present		initiāre			initiārī			initiāns			—
future		initiātūrum esse			initiātum īrī			initiātūrus			initiandus
perfect		initiāvisse			initiātum esse			—			initiātus
future perfect		—			initiātum fore			—			—
perfect potential		initiātūrum fuisse			—			—			—
verbal nouns		gerund								supine
		genitive		dative		accusative		ablative		accusative		ablative
		initiandī		initiandō		initiandum		initiandō		initiātum		initiātū

Derived terms

• ab initio
• initiātiō
• initiātor
• initiātrīx

Related terms

• ineō
• initiālis
• initium

Descendants

• Asturian: aniciar, añiciar, ñiciar, niciar
• → Catalan: iniciar
• Dalmatian: nizuor
• → English: initiate
• → French: initier
• Galician: iniciar, inzar
• Italian: iniziare
• Portuguese: iniciar
• Romanian: iniția
• Spanish: iniciar
• Venetan: inisiar
• ⇒ Vulgar Latin: *cominitiāre (see there for further descendants)

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Noun

initiō

1. dative/ablative singular of initium

References

• “initio”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “initio”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• "initio", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• initio in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to be initiated into the mysteries of a cult: sacris initiari (Quintil. 12. 10. 14)
    
  • (ambiguous) the elements: elementa; initia or principia rerum
    
  • (ambiguous) at the beginning of the year: initio anni, ineunte anno