jptnj

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Egyptian

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Etymology

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Dual form of tn.

Pronunciation

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Determiner

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ip t
n
y

 f du proximal demonstrative determiner

  1. (Old Egyptian) these two, those two

Usage notes

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This demonstrative was originally a determiner but could later be used alone, like a pronoun. When used as a determiner it follows the noun it describes.

In Old Egyptian it would hypothetically form a contrastive pair with the demonstrative *jptfj, in which jptnj is proximal. However, in Old Egyptian texts both jptnj and *jptfj are only attested in written forms identical to those of the plural demonstratives ptn and jptf, so that the separate existence of the dual forms is a matter of inference rather than clear attestation.

The term’s use in Middle Egyptian texts is an archaism. However, this is the only context in which it can be found spelled in full and clearly distinct from the plural ptn.

Inflection

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Alternative forms

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References

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  • jptnj (lemma ID 851274)”, in Thesaurus Linguae Aegyptiae[1], Corpus issue 18, Web app version 2.1.5, Tonio Sebastian Richter & Daniel A. Werning by order of the Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften and Hans-Werner Fischer-Elfert & Peter Dils by order of the Sächsische Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Leipzig, 2004–26 July 2023
  • Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1926) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache[2], volume 1, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, page 70.7
  • Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, page 17
  • Edel, Elmar (1955-1964) Altägyptische Grammatik, volume 1, Rome: Pontificium Institutum Biblicum, § 182 et seq., page 83 et seq.
  • Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1929) The Plural and Dual in Old Egyptian, Bruxelles: Fondation Egyptologique Reine Elisabeth, § 62, pages 63–64