obstinar

Portuguese

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin obstināre.

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /obs.t͡ʃiˈna(ʁ)/ [obs.t͡ʃiˈna(h)]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /obs.t͡ʃiˈna(ʁ)/ [obs.t͡ʃiˈna(h)]
  • (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /obs.t͡ʃiˈna(ɾ)/
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /obʃ.t͡ʃiˈna(ʁ)/ [obʃ.t͡ʃiˈna(χ)]
  • (Caipira) IPA^(key): /obs.t͡ʃiˈna(ɻ)/

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ɔbʃ.tiˈnaɾ/ [ɔβʃ.tiˈnaɾ]

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ɔbʃ.tiˈnaɾ/ [ɔβʃ.tiˈnaɾ]
  • (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /ɔbʃ.tiˈna.ɾi/

Verb

obstinar (first-person singular present obstino, first-person singular preterite obstinei, past participle obstinado)

1. (transitive) to make obstinate
2. (reflexive) to be obstinate, to cling [with em ‘in/to’]

Conjugation

    Conjugation of obstinar (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	obstinar
Personal	obstinar	obstinares	obstinar	obstinarmos	obstinardes	obstinarem
Gerund
	obstinando
Past participle
Masculine	obstinado			obstinados
Feminine	obstinada			obstinadas
Indicative
Present	obstino	obstinas	obstina	obstinamos	obstinais	obstinam
Imperfect	obstinava	obstinavas	obstinava	obstinávamos	obstináveis	obstinavam
Preterite	obstinei	obstinaste	obstinou	obstinamos1, obstinámos2	obstinastes	obstinaram
Pluperfect	obstinara	obstinaras	obstinara	obstináramos	obstináreis	obstinaram
Future	obstinarei	obstinarás	obstinará	obstinaremos	obstinareis	obstinarão
Conditional	obstinaria	obstinarias	obstinaria	obstinaríamos	obstinaríeis	obstinariam
Subjunctive
Present	obstine	obstines	obstine	obstinemos	obstineis	obstinem
Imperfect	obstinasse	obstinasses	obstinasse	obstinássemos	obstinásseis	obstinassem
Future	obstinar	obstinares	obstinar	obstinarmos	obstinardes	obstinarem
Imperative
Affirmative		obstina	obstine	obstinemos	obstinai	obstinem
Negative (não)		não obstines	não obstine	não obstinemos	não obstineis	não obstinem

¹Brazilian Portuguese.
²European Portuguese.

    Conjugation of obstinar-se (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	obstinar-se
Personal	obstinar-me	obstinares-te	obstinar-se	obstinarmo-nos	obstinardes-vos	obstinarem-se
Gerund
	obstinando-se
Past participle
Masculine	obstinado			obstinados
Feminine	obstinada			obstinadas
Indicative
Present	obstino-me	obstinas-te	obstina-se	obstinamo-nos	obstinais-vos	obstinam-se
Imperfect	obstinava-me	obstinavas-te	obstinava-se	obstinávamo-nos	obstináveis-vos	obstinavam-se
Preterite	obstinei-me	obstinaste-te	obstinou-se	obstinamo-nos1, obstinámo-nos2	obstinastes-vos	obstinaram-se
Pluperfect	obstinara-me	obstinaras-te	obstinara-se	obstináramo-nos	obstináreis-vos	obstinaram-se
Future	obstinar-me-ei	obstinar-te-ás	obstinar-se-á	obstinar-nos-emos	obstinar-vos-eis	obstinar-se-ão
Conditional	obstinar-me-ia	obstinar-te-ias	obstinar-se-ia	obstinar-nos-íamos	obstinar-vos-íeis	obstinar-se-iam
Subjunctive
Present	me obstine	te obstines	se obstine	nos obstinemos	vos obstineis	se obstinem
Imperfect	me obstinasse	te obstinasses	se obstinasse	nos obstinássemos	vos obstinásseis	se obstinassem
Future	me obstinar	te obstinares	se obstinar	nos obstinarmos	vos obstinardes	se obstinarem
Imperative
Affirmative		obstina-te	obstine-se	obstinemo-nos	obstinai-vos	obstinem-se
Negative (não)		não te obstines	não se obstine	não nos obstinemos	não vos obstineis	não se obstinem

¹Brazilian Portuguese.
²European Portuguese.

References

• “obstinar”, in Dicionário Aulete Digital (in Portuguese), Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon Editora Digital, 2008–2026
• “obstinar”, in Michaelis Dicionário Brasileiro da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), São Paulo: Editora Melhoramentos, 2015–2026, →ISBN

Further reading

• “obstinar”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2026

Spanish

Alternative forms

• ostinar (Cuba, Venezuela, Paraguay)

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin obstināre.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /obstiˈnaɾ/ [oβ̞s.t̪iˈnaɾ]
• Rhymes: -aɾ
• Syllabification: obs‧ti‧nar

Verb

obstinar (first-person singular present obstino, first-person singular preterite obstiné, past participle obstinado)

1. (Costa Rica, Cuba, Venezuela, Paraguay) irritate, annoy

   Synonym: irritar

2. (Cuba, Venezuela, Paraguay, reflexive) get tired of something or someone

   Synonym: cansarse

   (Can we add an example for this sense?)

   (The addition of quotations indicative of this usage is being sought:)

3. (pronominal, with “en”) to be obstinate

   Synonym: empeñar

   (Can we add an example for this sense?)

Conjugation

    Conjugation of obstinar (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)

infinitive			obstinar
gerund			obstinando
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		obstinado		obstinada
		plural		obstinados		obstinadas
		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	obstino	obstinastú obstinásvos	obstina	obstinamos	obstináis	obstinan
	imperfect	obstinaba	obstinabas	obstinaba	obstinábamos	obstinabais	obstinaban
	preterite	obstiné	obstinaste	obstinó	obstinamos	obstinasteis	obstinaron
	future	obstinaré	obstinarás	obstinará	obstinaremos	obstinaréis	obstinarán
	conditional	obstinaría	obstinarías	obstinaría	obstinaríamos	obstinaríais	obstinarían
subjunctive		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	obstine	obstinestú obstinésvos2	obstine	obstinemos	obstinéis	obstinen
	imperfect (ra)	obstinara	obstinaras	obstinara	obstináramos	obstinarais	obstinaran
	imperfect (se)	obstinase	obstinases	obstinase	obstinásemos	obstinaseis	obstinasen
	future1	obstinare	obstinares	obstinare	obstináremos	obstinareis	obstinaren
imperative		—	tú vos	usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ustedes
	affirmative		obstinatú obstinávos	obstine	obstinemos	obstinad	obstinen
	negative		no obstines	no obstine	no obstinemos	no obstinéis	no obstinen

¹Rare; now chiefly used in legal language.
²Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tuteo-form for the present subjunctive.

    Selected combined forms of obstinar

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
with infinitive obstinar	dative	obstinarme	obstinarte	obstinarle, obstinarse	obstinarnos	obstinaros	obstinarles, obstinarse
	accusative	obstinarme	obstinarte	obstinarlo, obstinarla, obstinarse	obstinarnos	obstinaros	obstinarlos, obstinarlas, obstinarse
with gerund obstinando	dative	obstinándome	obstinándote	obstinándole, obstinándose	obstinándonos	obstinándoos	obstinándoles, obstinándose
	accusative	obstinándome	obstinándote	obstinándolo, obstinándola, obstinándose	obstinándonos	obstinándoos	obstinándolos, obstinándolas, obstinándose
with informal second-person singular tuteo imperative obstina	dative	obstíname	obstínate	obstínale	obstínanos	not used	obstínales
	accusative	obstíname	obstínate	obstínalo, obstínala	obstínanos	not used	obstínalos, obstínalas
with informal second-person singular voseo imperative obstiná	dative	obstiname	obstinate	obstinale	obstinanos	not used	obstinales
	accusative	obstiname	obstinate	obstinalo, obstinala	obstinanos	not used	obstinalos, obstinalas
with formal second-person singular imperative obstine	dative	obstíneme	not used	obstínele, obstínese	obstínenos	not used	obstíneles
	accusative	obstíneme	not used	obstínelo, obstínela, obstínese	obstínenos	not used	obstínelos, obstínelas
with first-person plural imperative obstinemos	dative	not used	obstinémoste	obstinémosle	obstinémonos	obstinémoos	obstinémosles
	accusative	not used	obstinémoste	obstinémoslo, obstinémosla	obstinémonos	obstinémoos	obstinémoslos, obstinémoslas
with informal second-person plural imperative obstinad	dative	obstinadme	not used	obstinadle	obstinadnos	obstinaos	obstinadles
	accusative	obstinadme	not used	obstinadlo, obstinadla	obstinadnos	obstinaos	obstinadlos, obstinadlas
with formal second-person plural imperative obstinen	dative	obstínenme	not used	obstínenle	obstínennos	not used	obstínenles, obstínense
	accusative	obstínenme	not used	obstínenlo, obstínenla	obstínennos	not used	obstínenlos, obstínenlas, obstínense

Related terms

• obstinado

Further reading

• “obstinar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8.1, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 15 December 2025
• “obstinar”, in Diccionario panhispánico de dudas [Pan-Hispanic Dictionary of Doubts] (in Spanish), 2nd edition, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española]; Association of Academies of the Spanish Language [Spanish: Asociación de Academias de la Lengua Española], 2023, →ISBN