perna

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See also: Perna, perná, pernă, pērna, and pērnā

Cornish[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Middle Cornish prena, from Proto-Brythonic *prɨnad, from Proto-Celtic *kʷrinati, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷrinéh₂ti ~ *kʷrinh₂énti.

Pronunciation[edit]

Verb[edit]

perna

  1. (Revived Late Cornish) to buy

Fala[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese perna.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

perna f (plural pernas)

  1. (Mañegu, Valverdeñu, anatomy) leg

References[edit]

  • Valeš, Miroslav (2021) Diccionariu de A Fala: lagarteiru, mañegu, valverdeñu (web)‎[1], 2nd edition, Minde, Portugal: CIDLeS, published 2022, →ISBN

Finnish[edit]

Finnish Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia fi

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Finnic *përna, possibly from Indo-Iranian,[1] cognate with Estonian põrn (“spleen”).

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): /ˈpernɑ/, [ˈpe̞rnɑ̝]
  • Rhymes: -ernɑ
  • Syllabification(key): per‧na

Noun[edit]

perna

  1. (anatomy) spleen

Declension[edit]

Inflection of perna (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation)
nominative perna pernat
genitive pernan pernojen
partitive pernaa pernoja
illative pernaan pernoihin
singular plural
nominative perna pernat
accusative nom. perna pernat
gen. pernan
genitive pernan pernojen
pernainrare
partitive pernaa pernoja
inessive pernassa pernoissa
elative pernasta pernoista
illative pernaan pernoihin
adessive pernalla pernoilla
ablative pernalta pernoilta
allative pernalle pernoille
essive pernana pernoina
translative pernaksi pernoiksi
abessive pernatta pernoitta
instructive — pernoin
comitative See the possessive forms below.
Possessive forms of perna (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation)
first-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative pernani pernani
accusative nom. pernani pernani
gen. pernani
genitive pernani pernojeni
pernainirare
partitive pernaani pernojani
inessive pernassani pernoissani
elative pernastani pernoistani
illative pernaani pernoihini
adessive pernallani pernoillani
ablative pernaltani pernoiltani
allative pernalleni pernoilleni
essive pernanani pernoinani
translative pernakseni pernoikseni
abessive pernattani pernoittani
instructive — —
comitative — pernoineni
second-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative pernasi pernasi
accusative nom. pernasi pernasi
gen. pernasi
genitive pernasi pernojesi
pernaisirare
partitive pernaasi pernojasi
inessive pernassasi pernoissasi
elative pernastasi pernoistasi
illative pernaasi pernoihisi
adessive pernallasi pernoillasi
ablative pernaltasi pernoiltasi
allative pernallesi pernoillesi
essive pernanasi pernoinasi
translative pernaksesi pernoiksesi
abessive pernattasi pernoittasi
instructive — —
comitative — pernoinesi
first-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative pernamme pernamme
accusative nom. pernamme pernamme
gen. pernamme
genitive pernamme pernojemme
pernaimmerare
partitive pernaamme pernojamme
inessive pernassamme pernoissamme
elative pernastamme pernoistamme
illative pernaamme pernoihimme
adessive pernallamme pernoillamme
ablative pernaltamme pernoiltamme
allative pernallemme pernoillemme
essive pernanamme pernoinamme
translative pernaksemme pernoiksemme
abessive pernattamme pernoittamme
instructive — —
comitative — pernoinemme
second-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative pernanne pernanne
accusative nom. pernanne pernanne
gen. pernanne
genitive pernanne pernojenne
pernainnerare
partitive pernaanne pernojanne
inessive pernassanne pernoissanne
elative pernastanne pernoistanne
illative pernaanne pernoihinne
adessive pernallanne pernoillanne
ablative pernaltanne pernoiltanne
allative pernallenne pernoillenne
essive pernananne pernoinanne
translative pernaksenne pernoiksenne
abessive pernattanne pernoittanne
instructive — —
comitative — pernoinenne
third-person possessor
singular plural
nominative pernansa pernansa
accusative nom. pernansa pernansa
gen. pernansa
genitive pernansa pernojensa
pernainsarare
partitive pernaansa pernojaan
pernojansa
inessive pernassaan
pernassansa 		pernoissaan
pernoissansa
elative pernastaan
pernastansa 		pernoistaan
pernoistansa
illative pernaansa pernoihinsa
adessive pernallaan
pernallansa 		pernoillaan
pernoillansa
ablative pernaltaan
pernaltansa 		pernoiltaan
pernoiltansa
allative pernalleen
pernallensa 		pernoilleen
pernoillensa
essive pernanaan
pernanansa 		pernoinaan
pernoinansa
translative pernakseen
pernaksensa 		pernoikseen
pernoiksensa
abessive pernattaan
pernattansa 		pernoittaan
pernoittansa
instructive — —
comitative — pernoineen
pernoinensa

Synonyms[edit]

Derived terms[edit]

compounds

References[edit]

  1. ^ Häkkinen, Kaisa (2004) Nykysuomen etymologinen sanakirja [Modern Finnish Etymological Dictionary] (in Finnish), Juva: WSOY, →ISBN

Further reading[edit]

Galician[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Old Galician-Portuguese perna (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin perna. Cognate with Portuguese perna and Spanish pierna.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

perna f (plural pernas)

  1. leg
    • 1435, A. López Carreira, Fragmentos de notarios, doc. E2-8:
      ... que aderençaran ao dito Goterre Afonso et que o dito Fernando de Mourelos que sacara a espada da beyna contra o dito Goterre Afonso por lo matar, et seus conpaneiros como lo viran sacar que o ajudaran contra o dito Goterre Afonso, do qual lle logo deran huna grande ferida en huna perna esqerda, en que o feriran debayxo do gionllo ata o qualquanar
      ... they approached said Goterre Afonso and that the mentioned Fernando de Mourelos extracted the sword from its scabbard against said Goterre Afonso, for killing him; and his companions, as they saw this, helped him against said Goterre Afonso, and consequently he gave him a large wound in the left leg, in which he injured him from under the knee till the heel
  2. (anatomy) shin, the region between the knee and ankle

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  • “perna” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006–2022.
  • “perna” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006–2018.
  • “perna” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.
  • “perna” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
  • “perna” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.

Guinea-Bissau Creole[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Portuguese perna. Cognate with Kabuverdianu perna.

Noun[edit]

perna

  1. leg

Ingrian[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Finnic *përna. Cognates include Finnish perna and Estonian põrn.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

perna

  1. pancreas
    • 1937, V. A. Tetjurev, translated by N. J. Molotsova, Loonnontiito oppikirja alkușkoulua vart (toin osa), Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-Pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 83:
      Vatsanmaost männöö pitkä hoikka sooli. Senen alkuossaa vootaa pernamahla, kumpa tekahuu pernaas, vatsanmaon al.
      From the stomach stretches the long small intestine. Into its beginning part flows the pancreatic juice, which is formed in the pancreas, below the stomach.

Declension[edit]

Declension of perna (type 3/kana, no gradation)
singular plural
nominative perna pernat
genitive pernan pernoin
partitive pernaa pernoja
illative pernaa pernoi
inessive pernaas pernois
elative pernast pernoist
allative pernalle pernoille
adessive pernaal pernoil
ablative pernalt pernoilt
translative pernaks pernoiks
essive pernanna, pernaan pernoinna, pernoin
exessive1) pernant pernoint
1) obsolete
*) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl)
**) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive.

Derived terms[edit]

References[edit]

  • Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 399

Kabuverdianu[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Portuguese perna.

Noun[edit]

perna

  1. leg

Latin[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

From Proto-Italic *persnā, from Proto-Indo-European *tpḗrsneh₂ (“heel”). Cognate with Ancient Greek πτέρνη (ptérnē), Sanskrit पार्ष्णि (pā́rṣṇi), Gothic 𐍆𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌶𐌽𐌰 (fairzna, “heel”), Persian پاشنه (pâšne, “heel”).[1]

Noun[edit]

perna f (genitive pernae); first declension

  1. A haunch or ham together with the leg, gammon.
  2. (of animals) A thigh-bone, with the meat upon it to the knee-joint, a leg of pork, a ham or gammon of bacon.
  3. a kind of mussel
Declension[edit]

First-declension noun.

Case Singular Plural
Nominative perna pernae
Genitive pernae pernārum
Dative pernae pernīs
Accusative pernam pernās
Ablative pernā pernīs
Vocative perna pernae
Derived terms[edit]
Descendants[edit]
  • Ancient Greek: πέρνα (pérna)
  • Asturian: pierna
  • Catalan: perna
  • Italian: perno
  • Old Galician-Portuguese: perna
  • Sicilian: perna
  • Spanish: pierna
  • → Translingual: Perna

Etymology 2[edit]

See perula.

Noun[edit]

perna f (genitive pernae); first declension

  1. Alternative form of perula
Declension[edit]

First-declension noun.

Case Singular Plural
Nominative perna pernae
Genitive pernae pernārum
Dative pernae pernīs
Accusative pernam pernās
Ablative pernā pernīs
Vocative perna pernae

References[edit]

  • “perna”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “perna”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • perna in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
  • perna in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
  • Jan Frederik Niermeyer, Mediae Latinitatis Lexicon Minus : Lexique Latin Médiéval–Français/Anglais : A Medieval Latin–French/English Dictionary, fascicle I (1976), page 789/1, “perna”
  1. ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 460-1

Old Galician-Portuguese[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Latin perna.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

perna f (plural pernas)

  1. leg

Descendants[edit]

Portuguese[edit]

pernas

Etymology[edit]

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese perna, from Latin perna, from Proto-Indo-European *tpḗrsneh₂ (“heel”). Compare Galician perna and Spanish pierna.

Pronunciation[edit]

 

  • Hyphenation: per‧na
  • Audio (Brazil)(file)

Noun[edit]

perna f (plural pernas)

  1. leg
  2. stint

Derived terms[edit]

Descendants[edit]

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