peser
Contents
French[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Middle French peser, from Old French peser, from Vulgar Latin *pēsāre, from Classical Latin pēnsāre, present active indicative of pēnsō. Compare also penser, a borrowed doublet.
Pronunciation[edit]
- IPA(key): /pə.ze/
-
Audio (France, Paris) (file) - Rhymes: -e
- Homophones: pesai, pesé, pesée, pesées, pesés
Verb[edit]
peser
- (intransitive) to weigh (to have a weight of)
- Je pèse 80 kilos
- I weigh 80 kilos
- Je pèse 80 kilos
- (transitive) To weigh (to see how much something weighs)
- Il faut peser les abricots
- You must weigh the apricots
- Il faut peser les abricots
Conjugation[edit]
This verb is conjugated mostly like the regular -er verbs (parler and chanter and so on), but the -e- /ə/ of the second-to-last syllable becomes -è- /ɛ/ when the next vowel is a silent or schwa -e-. For example, in the third-person singular present indicative, we have il pèse rather than *il pese. Other verbs conjugated this way include lever and mener. Related but distinct conjugations include those of appeler and préférer.
Conjugation of peser (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | peser | avoir pesé | |||||
| gerund | en pesant | en ayant pesé | |||||
| present participle | pesant /pə.zɑ̃/ |
||||||
| past participle | pesé /pə.ze/ |
||||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il | nous | vous | ils | |
| simple tenses |
present | pèse /pɛz/ |
pèses /pɛz/ |
pèse /pɛz/ |
pesons /pə.zɔ̃/ |
pesez /pə.ze/ |
pèsent /pɛz/ |
| imperfect | pesais /pə.zɛ/ |
pesais /pə.zɛ/ |
pesait /pə.zɛ/ |
pesions /pə.zjɔ̃/ |
pesiez /pə.zje/ |
pesaient /pə.zɛ/ |
|
| past historic1 | pesai /pə.ze/ |
pesas /pə.za/ |
pesa /pə.za/ |
pesâmes /pə.zam/ |
pesâtes /pə.zat/ |
pesèrent /pə.zɛʁ/ |
|
| future | pèserai /pɛz.ʁe/ |
pèseras /pɛz.ʁa/ |
pèsera /pɛz.ʁa/ |
pèserons /pɛz.ʁɔ̃/ |
pèserez /pɛz.ʁe/ |
pèseront /pɛz.ʁɔ̃/ |
|
| conditional | pèserais /pɛz.ʁɛ/ |
pèserais /pɛz.ʁɛ/ |
pèserait /pɛz.ʁɛ/ |
pèserions /pɛ.zə.ʁjɔ̃/ |
pèseriez /pɛ.zə.ʁje/ |
pèseraient /pɛz.ʁɛ/ |
|
| compound tenses |
present perfect | Use the present tense of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | Use the imperfect tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| past anterior1 | Use the past historic tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | Use the future tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | Use the conditional tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il | que nous | que vous | qu’ils | |
| simple tenses |
present | pèse /pɛz/ |
pèses /pɛz/ |
pèse /pɛz/ |
pesions /pə.zjɔ̃/ |
pesiez /pə.zje/ |
pèsent /pɛz/ |
| imperfect1 | pesasse /pə.zas/ |
pesasses /pə.zas/ |
pesât /pə.za/ |
pesassions /pə.za.sjɔ̃/ |
pesassiez /pə.za.sje/ |
pesassent /pə.zas/ |
|
| compound tenses |
past | Use the present subjunctive tense of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect1 | Use the imperfect subjunctive tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | tu | – | nous | vous | – | |
| — | pèse /pɛz/ |
— | pesons /pə.zɔ̃/ |
pesez /pə.ze/ |
— | ||
| 1literary tenses | |||||||
See also[edit]
Anagrams[edit]
Further reading[edit]
- “peser” in le Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).
Middle French[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Old French peser, see below.
Verb[edit]
peser
- (transitive) to weigh (ascertain the weight of)
- (intransitive) to weigh (have a given weight)
Conjugation[edit]
- Middle French conjugation varies from one text to another. Hence, the following conjugation should be considered as typical, not as exhaustive.
Conjugation of peser
| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | peser | avoir pesé | |||||
| gerund | en pesant | Use the gerund of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| present participle | pesant | ||||||
| past participle | pesé | ||||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | ie (may be i' before a vowel) | tu | il | nous | vous | ilz, elles | |
| simple tenses |
present | pese | peses | pese | pesons | pesez | pesent |
| imperfect | pesois, pesoys | pesois, pesoys | pesoit, pesoyt | pesions, pesyons | pesiez, pesyez | pesoient, pesoyent | |
| past historic | pesa | pesas | pesa | pesasmes | pesastes | peserent | |
| future | peserai, peseray | peseras | pesera | peserons | peserez | peseront | |
| conditional | peserois, peseroys | peserois, peseroys | peseroit, peseroyt | peserions, peseryons | peseriez, peseryez | peseroient, peseroyent | |
| compound tenses |
present perfect | Use the present tense of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | Use the imperfect tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| past anterior | Use the past historic tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | Use the future tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | Use the conditional tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que ie | que tu | qu'il | que nous | que vous | qu'ilz, qu'elles | |
| simple tenses |
present | pese | peses | pese | pesons | pesez | pesent |
| imperfect | pesasse | pesasses | pesast | pesassions | pesassiez | pesassent | |
| compound tenses |
past | Use the present subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | Use the imperfect subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | tu | – | nous | vous | – | |
| — | pese | — | pesons | pesez | — | ||
Derived terms[edit]
Descendants[edit]
- French: peser
References[edit]
- peser on Dictionnaire du Moyen Français (1330-1500) (in French)
- (fr) Godefroy, Frédéric, Dictionnaire de l'ancienne langue française et de tous ses dialectes du IXe au XVe siècle (1881) (peser, supplement)
Old French[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From the Vulgar Latin *pēsāre, from Classical Latin pēnsāre, present active indicative of pēnsō. Compare also the borrowing penser.
Verb[edit]
peser
- to weigh (have a certain weight)
- (figuratively) to be a burden or a worry
Conjugation[edit]
This verb conjugates as a first-group verb ending in -er. The forms that would normally end in *-ss, *-st are modified to s, st. This verb has a stressed present stem pois distinct from the unstressed stem pes. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.
Conjugation of peser (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)
| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | peser | avoir pesé | |||||
| gerund | en pesant | Use the gerund of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| present participle | pesant | ||||||
| past participle | pesé | ||||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | jo | tu | il | nos | vos | il | |
| simple tenses |
present | pois | poises | poise | pesons | pesez | poisent |
| imperfect | pesoie, peseie, pesoe, peseve | pesoies, peseies, pesoes, peseves | pesoit, peseit, pesot, peseve | pesiiens, pesiens | pesiiez, pesiez | pesoient, peseient, pesoent, pesevent | |
| preterite | pesai | pesas | pesa | pesames | pesastes | peserent | |
| future | peserai | peseras | pesera | peserons | peseroiz, pesereiz, peserez | peseront | |
| conditional | peseroie, pesereie | peseroies, pesereies | peseroit, pesereit | peseriiens, peseriens | peseriiez, peseriez | peseroient, pesereient | |
| compound tenses |
present perfect | Use the present tense of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | Use the imperfect tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| past anterior | Use the preterite tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | Use the future tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | Use the conditional tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que jo | que tu | qu’il | que nos | que vos | qu’il | |
| simple tenses |
present | pois | pois | poist | pesons | pesez | poisent |
| imperfect | pesasse | pesasses | pesast | pesissons, pesissiens | pesissoiz, pesissez, pesissiez | pesassent | |
| compound tenses |
past | Use the present subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | Use the imperfect subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | tu | – | nos | vos | – | |
| — | poise | — | pesons | pesez | — | ||
Related terms[edit]
Descendants[edit]
Categories:
- French terms inherited from Middle French
- French terms derived from Middle French
- French terms inherited from Old French
- French terms derived from Old French
- French terms inherited from Vulgar Latin
- French terms derived from Vulgar Latin
- French terms inherited from Latin
- French terms derived from Latin
- French doublets
- French 2-syllable words
- French terms with IPA pronunciation
- French terms with audio links
- French lemmas
- French verbs
- French intransitive verbs
- French transitive verbs
- French verbs with conjugation -e-er
- French first group verbs
- Middle French terms inherited from Old French
- Middle French terms derived from Old French
- Middle French lemmas
- Middle French verbs
- Middle French transitive verbs
- Middle French intransitive verbs
- Middle French first group verbs
- Old French terms inherited from Vulgar Latin
- Old French terms derived from Vulgar Latin
- Old French terms inherited from Latin
- Old French terms derived from Latin
- Old French lemmas
- Old French verbs
- Old French verbs with stem alternations
- Old French verbs with weak-a preterite
- Old French first group verbs
- Old French verbs ending in -er
- Old French irregular verbs
