View source for plaster

{{also|Plaster|plåster}}
==English==
{{wikipedia}}

===Alternative forms===
* {{l|en|plaister}} {{qualifier|obsolete outside dialects}}
* {{l|en|plastre}} {{qualifier|obsolete}}

===Etymology===
From {{inh|en|enm|plaster}}, {{m|enm|plastre}}, from {{inh|en|ang|plaster}}, from late {{der|en|la|plastrum}}, shortened from Classical {{der|en|la|emplastrum||a plaster, bandage}}; later reinforced by {{der|en|xno|-}} {{m|fro|plastre}}.

The verb is from {{inh|en|enm|plastren}}, from the noun.

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|en|/ˈplɑː.stə/|a=RP,Geordie}}
* {{IPA|en|/ˈpla.stə/|a=Northern England}}
* {{IPA|en|/ˈpla.stəɹ/|a=Scotland,Ireland}}
* {{IPA|en|/ˈplæs.tɚ/|a=US}}
* {{rhymes|en|ɑːstə(ɹ)|æstə(ɹ)|s=2}}
* {{audio|en|en-us-plaster.ogg|a=US}}

===Noun===
{{en-noun|~}}

# {{lb|en|uncountable}} A [[paste]] applied to the [[skin]] for [[heal]]ing or [[cosmetic]] purposes.
# {{lb|en|countable|British|New Zealand|Canada}} A small [[adhesive]] [[bandage]] to cover a minor [[wound]]; a [[sticking plaster]].
# {{lb|en|uncountable}} A [[mixture]] of [[lime]] or [[gypsum]], [[sand]], and [[water]], sometimes with the [[addition]] of [[fibre]]s, that [[harden]]s to a [[smooth]] [[solid]] and is used for [[coat]]ing [[wall]]s and [[ceiling]]s; [[render]], [[stucco]].
# {{lb|en|countable}} A [[cast]] made of [[plaster of Paris]] and [[gauze]]; a [[plaster cast]].
# {{lb|en|uncountable}} {{cap|plaster of Paris}}.

====Derived terms====
{{der3|en
|beplaster
|[[gypsum]] {{l|en|plaster}}
|{{l|en|plaster}} and [[lath]]; [[lath]] and {{l|en|plaster}}
|plasterboard
|{{l|en|plaster}} [[cast]]
|{{l|en|plaster}} [[lath]]
|plasterlike
|plasterwork|quicksilver plaster
|blister plaster|corn plaster|mustard plaster|mustard-plaster|plaster room|plaster saint|plaster-stone|stick plaster|strengthening plaster}}

====Translations====
{{trans-top|healing paste}}
* Bulgarian: {{t+|bg|мехлем|m}}
* Danish: {{t+|da|salve|c}}
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|voide}}
* French: {{t+|fr|onguent|m}}
* Galician: {{t|gl|emplasto|m}}
* German: {{t+|de|Salbe|f}}, {{t+|de|Creme|f}}
* Greek: {{t+|el|έμπλαστρο|n}}
*: Ancient: {{t|grc|μάλαγμα|n}}, {{q|made of pitch}} {{t|grc|δρῶπαξ|n}}
* Hindi: {{t+|hi|प्लास्टर|m}}
* Irish: {{t|ga|plástar|m}}
* Italian: {{t+|it|gesso}}, {{t+|it|unguento|m}}
* Latin: {{t|la|fōmentum|m}}
* Plautdietsch: {{t|pdt|Pleista|n}}
* Polish: {{t+|pl|gips|m}}
* Portuguese: {{t|pt|unguento}}
* Romanian: {{t+|ro|unguent|n}}, {{t+|ro|cremă|f}}, {{t+|ro|alifie|f}}
* Russian: {{qualifier|ointment}} {{t+|ru|мазь|f}}, {{qualifier|patch}} {{t+|ru|пла́стырь|m}}
* Spanish: {{t+|es|ungüento|m}}
* Swedish: {{t+|sv|salva}}, {{t+|sv|plåster|n}}
{{trans-bottom}}

{{trans-see|adhesive bandage|band-aid}}

{{trans-top|mixture for coating}}
* Armenian: {{t+|hy|սվաղ}}, {{t+|hy|գաջ}}
* Azerbaijani: {{t|az|suvaq}}, {{t|az|mala}}
* Bulgarian: {{t+|bg|мазилка|f}}
* Catalan: {{t+|ca|argamassa|f}}
* Chinese:
*: Mandarin: {{t+|cmn|石膏|tr=shígāo}}
* Czech: {{t+|cs|sádra|f}}
* Danish: {{t|da|puds|n}}, {{t+|da|gips|c}}
* Estonian: {{t|et|krohv}}
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|laasti}}
* French: {{t+|fr|plâtre|m}}, {{t+|fr|enduit|m}}
* Galician: {{t|gl|recebo|m}}
* German: {{t+|de|Putz|m}}, {{t+|de|Verputz|m}}, {{t+|de|Stuck|m}}, {{t+|de|Gips|m}}, {{t|de|Wandputz|m}}, {{t|de|Putzmörtel|m}}, {{t+|de|Kalkputz|m}}, {{t|de|Gipsputz|m}}, {{t|de|Lehmputz|m}}
* Greek: {{t+|el|ασβεστοκονίαμα|n}}
*: Ancient: {{t|grc|κονίαμα|n}}
* Hindi: {{t+|hi|प्लास्टर|m}}, {{t+|hi|पलस्तर|m}}
* Hungarian: {{t+|hu|vakolat}}
* Icelandic: {{t+|is|gifs|n}}
* Indonesian: {{t+|id|plester}}
* Irish: {{t|ga|plástar|m}}
* Italian: {{t+|it|intonaco}}, {{t+|it|gesso|m}}
* Korean: {{t+|ko|석고}}
* Latin: {{t|la|tectōrium|n}}
* Maori: {{t|mi|ukutea}}
* Norman: {{t|nrf|pliâtre|m}}
* Persian: {{t+|fa|گچ|tr=gač}}
* Plautdietsch: {{t|pdt|Plosta|n}}
* Polish: {{t+|pl|gips|m}}, {{t+|pl|tynk|m}}
* Portuguese: {{t+|pt|gesso|m}}
* Romanian: {{t+|ro|tencuială|f}}
* Russian: {{t+|ru|штукату́рка|f}}
* Scottish Gaelic: {{t|gd|sglàib|f}}
* Serbo-Croatian:
*: Cyrillic: {{t|sh|малтер|m|sc=Cyrl}}
*: Roman: {{t+|sh|malter|m}}
* Spanish: {{t+|es|yeso|m}}, {{t+|es|escayola|f}}, {{t+|es|enlucido|m}}, {{t+|es|revoque|m}}, {{t+|es|estuco|m}}
* Swahili: {{t|sw|lipu|c9|c10}}
* Turkish: {{t+|tr|sıva}}, {{t+|tr|alçı}}
{{trans-bottom}}

{{trans-top|cast}}
* Catalan: {{t+|ca|guix|m}}
* Danish: {{t+|da|gips|c}}
* Finnish: {{t|fi|kipsivalos}}
* French: {{t+|fr|plâtre|m}}
* German: {{t+|de|Gips|m}}, {{t+|de|Gipsverband|m}}, {{t+|de|Abguß|m}}, {{t+|de|Gipsabguß|m}}, {{t+|de|Gipsabdruck|m}}
* Greek: {{t+|el|γύψος|m}}
* Hungarian: {{t+|hu|gipsz}}, {{t+|hu|gipszkötés}}
* Irish: {{t|ga|plástar|m}} {{qualifier|familiar}}, {{t|ga|teilgean plástair|m}}
* Italian: {{t+|it|gesso|m}}, {{t+|it|calco|m}}, {{t+|it|stampo|m}}
* Norman: {{t|nrf|pliâtre|m}}
* Occitan: {{t+|oc|geis|m}}, {{t+|oc|gip|m}}
* Portuguese: {{t+|pt|gesso|m}}
* Russian: {{t+|ru|гипс|m}}
* Serbo-Croatian:
*: Cyrillic: {{t|sh|гипс|m|sc=Cyrl}}
*: Roman: {{t+|sh|gips|m}}
* Spanish: {{t+|es|yeso|m}}, {{t+|es|escayola|f}}
{{trans-bottom}}

{{trans-see|plaster of Paris|plaster of Paris}}

{{checktrans-top}}
* Esperanto: {{t-check|eo|plastro}}
* Persian: {{t+check|fa|گچ|tr=gač}}
{{trans-bottom}}

====See also====
* {{l|en|cement board}}
* {{l|en|lath}}
* {{l|en|gypsum board}}
* {{l|en|gyprock}}
* {{l|en|sheetrock}}
* {{l|en|wallboard}}
* {{l|en|drywall}}

===Verb===
{{en-verb}}

# {{lb|en|transitive}} To [[cover]] or [[coat]] something with [[#Noun|plaster]]; to [[render]].
#: {{ux|en|to '''plaster''' a wall}}
# {{lb|en|transitive}} To [[apply]] a [[#Noun|plaster]] to.
#: {{ux|en|to '''plaster''' a wound}}
# {{lb|en|transitive}} To [[smear]] with some [[viscous]] or [[liquid]] [[substance]].
#: {{ux|en|Her face was '''plastered''' with mud.}}
# {{lb|en|transitive}} To [[hide]] or [[cover up]], as if with [[#Noun|plaster]]; to [[cover]] [[thickly]].
#: {{ux|en|The radio station '''plastered''' the buses and trains with its advertisement.}}
#* {{quote-journal|en|year=1941|month=August|author=C. Hamilton Ellis|title=The English Station|journal=Railway Magazine|page=358|text=If Euston is not typically English, St. Pancras is. Its façade is a nightmare of improbable Gothic. It is fairly '''plastered''' with the aesthetic ideals of 1868, and the only beautiful thing about it is Barlow's roof. It is haunted by the stuffier kind of ghost. Yet there is ''something'' about the ordered whole of St. Pancras that would make demolition a terrible pity.}}
#* {{quote-web|en|author=HarryBlank|work=w:SCP Foundation|title=Not Ready for Prime Time|date=28 September 2024|url=https://scp-wiki.wikidot.com/54-not-ready-for-prime-time|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20241002212926/https://scp-wiki.wikidot.com/54-not-ready-for-prime-time|archivedate=2 October 2024|accessdate=2 October 2024|text=Lillian walked the halls wearing a shirt '''plastered''' with what she assured everyone was a memetic stun agent; it looked just like the kill agent gating access to the SCP-001 database file, but as she patiently explained to McInnis, in art, context is everything.}}
# {{lb|en|transitive|figurative}} To [[bombard]] [[heavily]] or [[overwhelmingly]]; to [[overwhelm]] (with weapons [[fire]]).
#* {{quote-av|en|author=Drachinifel|title=The Battle of Samar (Alternate History) - Bring on the Battleships!|date=6 March 2019|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EJJWG0viaZQ|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220704014027/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EJJWG0viaZQ|archivedate=4 July 2022|accessdate=10 July 2022|time=30:36|text=Yeah, if you think ''that'' was bad... having, obviously, here, being people in the modern day and knowing something about the historical tactics used at the Battle of Samar, we did have, at one point, the American battleline sailing itself into a rain squall, staying ''in'' the rain squall, using large numbers of destroyers (with, obviously, all their smoke generators) to increase the cover in the rain squall and maintain it when the wet squall seemed to start dying off, and, through that, they just went "Right, activate radar, hello everybody, ''we'' can see ''you'', ''you'' can't see ''us''", and '''plastered''' everything in 14-and-16-inch gunfire until everything was broken, burning, and not able to fire back, and then they popped out for the coup de grâce.}}
# {{lb|en|transitive|figurative}} To [[smooth over]].

====Derived terms====
* {{l|en|court plaster}}
* {{l|en|plasterboard}}
* {{l|en|plastered}}
* {{l|en|plasterer}}

====Translations====
{{trans-top|to cover with plaster}}
* Armenian: {{t+|hy|գաջել}}
* Catalan: {{t+|ca|arrebossar}}, {{t+|ca|enguixar}}
* Danish: {{t|da|pudse}}, {{t|da|kalke}}, {{t|da|gipse}}
* Dutch: {{t+|nl|stuken}}
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|rapata}}
* French: {{t+|fr|enduire}}, {{t+|fr|plâtrer}}
* Galician: {{t|gl|recebar}}
* German: {{t+|de|vergipsen}}, {{t+|de|putzen}}, {{t+|de|verputzen}}, {{t+|de|überziehen}}
* Greek:
*: Ancient: {{t|grc|κονιάω}}
* Hungarian: {{t+|hu|vakol}}, {{t+|hu|bevakol}}
* Irish: {{t|ga|plástráil}}, {{t|ga|dóibeáil}}
* Irish: {{t|ga|plástráil}}
* Maori: {{t|mi|whakapiri raima}}
* Paicî: {{t|pri|tämî}}
* Polish: {{t+|pl|tynkować}}
* Portuguese: {{t+|pt|engessar}}
* Romanian: {{t+|ro|tencui}}
* Spanish: {{t+|es|estucar}}
{{trans-bottom}}

{{trans-top|to apply a plaster to}}
* Irish: {{t|ga|plástráil}}
* Irish: {{t|ga|plástráil}}
{{trans-bottom}}

{{trans-top|to smear with some viscous or liquid substance}}
* German: {{t+|de|gipsen}}
* Irish: {{t|ga|plástráil}}, {{t|ga|clúdaigh}}, {{t|ga|cumhdaigh}}
{{trans-bottom}}

{{trans-top|to cover up, as with plaster}}
* Danish: {{t|da|klistre}}, {{t|da|overklistre}}
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|peittää}}, {{t+|fi|tapetoida}}, {{t+|fi|teipata}}
* French: {{t+|fr|enduire}}
* German: {{t+|de|überziehen}}, {{t|de|überputzen}}, {{t+|de|übertünchen}}, {{t+|de|vergipsen}}
* Hungarian: {{t+|hu|befed}}, {{t+|hu|beborít}}, {{t+|hu|telerak}}
* Irish: {{t|ga|clúdaigh}}, {{t|ga|brataigh}}
{{trans-bottom}}

====See also====
* {{l|en|drywall}}
* {{l|en|sheetrock}}

===Anagrams===
* {{anagrams|en|a=aelprst|Alperts|Platers|palster|palters|persalt|plastre|platers|psalter|replats|stapler}}

{{C|en|Building materials|Medical equipment}}

==Danish==
[[File:Wound-106374_1280.jpg|thumb|A small adhesive bandage.]]

===Etymology===
{{dercat|da|ML.|la|grc}}
From {{inh|da|non|plástr}}, borrowed from {{der|da|gml|plaster}}, {{m|gml|plāster}}, from {{der|da|osx|plāstar}}, from {{der|da|gmw-pro|*plastr}}.

===Noun===
{{da-noun|stem=plastr|et|e|sg-def-2=plasteret}}

# [[band-aid]], {{l|en|plaster}} or [[sticking plaster]]

====Inflection====
{{da-noun-infl|stem=plastr|et|e|sg-def-2=plasteret|gen-sg-def-2=plasterets}}

====See also====
* {{l|da|bandage}}

==Polish==
{{wp|lang=pl}}

===Etymology===
{{bor+|pl|de|Pflaster}}, from {{der|pl|goh|pflastar}}, from {{der|pl|la|emplastrum}}, from {{der|pl|grc|ἔμπλαστρον}}.

===Pronunciation===
{{pl-pr|a=LL-Q809 (pol)-Poemat-plaster.wav}}

===Noun===
{{pl-noun|m-in|dim=plasterek}}

# {{l|en|plaster}}, [[sticking plaster]], [[band-aid]]
#: {{syn|pl|przylepiec}}
# [[slice]] {{gl|thin, broad piece cut off from a whole}}
# [[comb]], [[honeycomb]]

====Declension====
{{pl-decl-noun-m-in|plast|r|a|plaster}}

===Further reading===
* {{R:pl:WSJP}}
* {{R:pl:PWN}}

==Swedish==

===Noun===
{{head|sv|noun form}}

# {{noun form of|sv|plast||indef|p}}

===Anagrams===
* {{anagrams|sv|a=aelprst|platser|spalter}}