sobra

See also: sobrá and sõbra

Catalan

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Northern) [ˈso̞.βɾə]
• IPA^(key): (Balearic) [ˈsɔ.bɾə]
• IPA^(key): (Central) [ˈsɔ.βɾə]
• IPA^(key): (Valencia) [ˈsɔ.bɾa]
• IPA^(key): (Northwestern) [ˈsɔ.βɾa]

Etymology 1

Deverbal from sobrar.

Noun

sobra f (plural sobres)

1. excess (too much)
2. (in the plural) leftovers

   Synonym: sobralles

Derived terms

• de sobres

Further reading

• “sobra”, in Diccionari de la llengua catalana [Dictionary of the Catalan Language] (in Catalan), second edition, Institute of Catalan Studies [Catalan: Institut d'Estudis Catalans], April 2007
• “sobra”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2026
• “sobra” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
• Alcover, Antoni Maria; Moll, Francesc de Borja (1963), “sobra”, in Diccionari català-valencià-balear (in Catalan)

Etymology 2

Verb

sobra

1. inflection of sobrar:
   1. third-person singular present indicative
   2. second-person singular imperative

Chavacano

Etymology 1

Inherited from Spanish sobra (“surplus”).

Pronunciation

• Hyphenation: so‧bra

Noun

sobra

1. surplus; excess; extra

Etymology 2

Inherited from Spanish sobrar (“to be superfluous”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /soˈbɾa/ [so.ˈbɾa]
• Hyphenation: so‧bra

Verb

sobrá

1. to exceed; to go beyond

Conjugation

Verb conjugation for sobra

	Zamboanga City	Cavite
tense	sobra
past	ya sobra
present	ta sobra
future	ay sobra; sobra; el sobra; (rural/archaic) ey sobra	di sobra
gerund	sobrando	?
past participle	sobrao; sobrado
infinitive	sobra
manner	sobrada
reciprocal	sobrahan
reciprocal past	ya man sobrahan; ya'n sobrahan
reciprocal present	ta man sobrahan; ta'n sobrahan
reciprocal future	ay man sobrahan; man sobrahan; el man sobrahan; (rural/archaic) ey man sobrahan
reciprocal infinitive	man sobrahan

Esperanto

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈsobra/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -obra
• Syllabification: so‧bra

Adjective

sobra (accusative singular sobran, plural sobraj, accusative plural sobrajn)

1. sober

   Antonym: ebria

Derived terms

• sobrema (“abstemious”)

Portuguese

Pronunciation

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈsɔ.bɾɐ/

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ˈsɔ.bɾɐ/ [ˈsɔ.βɾɐ]

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ˈsɔ.bɾɐ/ [ˈsɔ.βɾɐ]
  • (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /ˈsɔ.bɾɐ/

• Hyphenation: so‧bra

Etymology 1

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *úp

Proto-Indo-European *-er

Proto-Indo-European *upér

Proto-Italic *super

Proto-Italic *superos

Latin superus

Latin superāre

Old Galician-Portuguese sobrar

Portuguese sobrardeverb.

Portuguese sobra

Deverbal from sobrar (“to remain”).

Noun

sobra f (plural sobras)

1. (often in the plural) leftover; remainder (something that remains)

   Synonyms: resto, sobejo

Derived terms

• de sobra

Etymology 2

Verb

sobra

1. inflection of sobrar:
   1. third-person singular present indicative
   2. second-person singular imperative

Further reading

• “sobra”, in Dicionário Aulete Digital (in Portuguese), Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon Editora Digital, 2008–2026
• “sobra”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2026

Sassarese

Alternative forms

• sobr' (apocopic, found before a vowel sound)

Adverb

sobra

1. alternative spelling of sobbra

Preposition

sobra

1. alternative spelling of sobbra
   • 1989, Giovanni Maria Cherchi, “Primabéra [Spring]”, in La poesia di l'althri [The poetry of others] (overall work in Sassarese and Italian), Sassari: Arnoldo Mondadori Editore, page 13:

     […] E l’ombra
     débiri ancora di li rati nudi
     sobr’a la terra nuda mi commobi

     And again the feeble shadow of the naked branches 'on the naked earth moves me

References

• Rubattu, Antoninu (2006), Dizionario universale della lingua di Sardegna, 2nd edition, Sassari: Edes

Spanish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈsobɾa/ [ˈso.β̞ɾa]
• Rhymes: -obɾa
• Syllabification: so‧bra

Etymology 1

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *úp

Proto-Indo-European *-er

Proto-Indo-European *upér

Proto-Italic *super

Proto-Italic *superos

Latin superus

Latin superāre

Old Spanish sobrar

Spanish sobrardeverb.

Spanish sobra

Deverbal from sobrar.

Noun

sobra f (plural sobras)

1. surplus, excess, extra; plentifulness

   Synonym: sobejanía

2. (in the plural) leftovers, leavings

   Synonyms: migajas, restos

   • 1915, Julio Vicuña Cifuentes, Mitos y Supersticiones Recogidos de la Tradición Oral Chilena, page 21:

     La Calchona es una oveja que ronda por la noche las habitaciones de los campesinos, los cuales, como saben que es gente, le dejan en un lebrillo las sobras de la comida.

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

3. rubbish, trash

   Synonym: basura

Derived terms

• de sobra

Etymology 2

Verb

sobra

1. inflection of sobrar:
   1. third-person singular present indicative
   2. second-person singular imperative

Further reading

• “sobra”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8.1, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 15 December 2025

Swedish

Adjective

sobra

1. inflection of sober:
   1. definite singular
   2. plural

Tagalog

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *úp

Proto-Indo-European *-er

Proto-Indo-European *upér

Proto-Italic *super

Proto-Italic *superos

Latin superus

Latin superāre

Old Spanish sobrar

Spanish sobrardeverb.

Spanish sobrabor.

Tagalog sobra

Borrowed from Spanish sobra. Doublet of subla.

Pronunciation

• (Standard Tagalog) IPA^(key): /ˈsobɾa/ [ˈsob.ɾɐ]
• Rhymes: -obɾa
• Syllabification: sob‧ra

Noun

sobra (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜓᜊ᜔ᜇ)

1. surplus; excess; extra

   Synonyms: labis, higit, sobrante

Derived terms

• magkasobra
• magpasobra
• masobrahan
• napakasobra
• pasobrahin
• sobrahan

Related terms

• sobrado
• sobrante
• sobre
• sobrekama
• sobrekarga
• sobrenatural
• sobrepaga
• sobrepalda
• sobresalyente

Adjective

sobra (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜓᜊ᜔ᜇ)

1. excessive; too much

   Synonyms: labis, labis-labis, masyado, (colloquial) wagas

2. excess; surplus

   Synonym: labis

Adverb

sobra (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜓᜊ᜔ᜇ)

1. (colloquial) so; very

   Synonyms: labis, napaka-

Further reading

• “sobra”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, 2018

Anagrams

• braso