vicis

Catalan

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Central) [ˈbi.sis]
• IPA^(key): (Balearic, Valencia) [ˈvi.sis]
• Homophone: bicis (Central)

Noun

vicis

1. plural of vici

Latin

Etymology 1

From Proto-Indo-European *weyk- (“to curve, bend”). Cognate with vinciō, Ancient Greek εἴκω (eíkō), English week, German Wechsel (“change”), Northern Sami viker (“willow twig, wand”), Old Norse vikja (“to bend, turn”), Old English wician (“to yield, give way”), wice (“wych elm”), Sanskrit विष्टी (viṣṭī, “changeable, changing”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ˈwɪ.kɪs]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ˈviː.t͡ʃis]

Noun

vicis f (genitive, third declension)

1. change, alternation, turn

   in vicem ― mutually, reciprocally

2. time, instance
3. (by extension) season
4. succession
5. condition, lot
6. the position, room, place, stead, post, office or duty of one person assumed by another

Declension

Third-declension noun.

	singular	plural
nominative	—	vicēs
genitive	vicis	—
dative	vicī	vicibus
accusative	vicem	vicēs
ablative	vice	vicibus
vocative	—	—

Derived terms

• invicem
• vicārius
• *vicāta
• vice versā
• vicem gerere
• vicissim
• vicissitūdō

Descendants

See vice for further descendants.

• Insular Romance:
  • ⇒ Sardinian: vicanu, bicaniu
• Italo-Dalmatian:
  • Italian: vice, vece
    • → Sardinian: veci
  • Dalmatian: vicio
• Rhaeto-Romance:
  • ⇒? Friulian: vecis
• Gallo-Italic:
  • Old Piedmontese: vèis
• Gallo-Romance:
  • Franco-Provençal: vês
  • Old French: foiz, feiz
    • Middle French: foys
      • French: fois
        • → Esperanto: fojo
    • → Franco-Provençal: fês
    • → Occitan: fes
• Occitano-Romance:
  • Old Catalan: veu
  • Old Occitan: vetz
    • Gascon: vetz
    • Limousin: vetz
• Ibero-Romance:
  • Asturian: vez
  • Extremaduran: ves
  • Mirandese: beç
  • Old Galician-Portuguese: vez
    • Galician: vez
    • Portuguese: vez
  • Old Spanish: vez
    • Ladino: vez, ves, ב׳יז
    • Spanish: vez
• ⇒ Vulgar Latin: *vicenda
  • Italian: vicenda
    • → Ligurian: vicénda

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ˈwiː.kiːs]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ˈviː.t͡ʃis]

Noun

vīcīs m

1. dative/ablative plural of vīcus (“village, municipal”)

References

• “vicis”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “vicis”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• vicis in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • I am sorry for you: tuam vicem doleo
    
• Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 1130
• Dizionario Latino, Olivetti