vicis

Catalan

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Central) [ˈbi.sis]
• IPA^(key): (Balearic, Valencian) [ˈvi.sis]
• Homophone: bicis (Central)

Noun

vicis

1. plural of vici

Latin

Etymology 1

From Proto-Indo-European *weyk- (“to curve, bend”). Cognate with vinciō, Ancient Greek εἴκω (eíkō), English week, German Wechsel (“change”), Northern Sami viker (“willow twig, wand”), Old Norse vikja (“to bend, turn”), Old English wician (“to yield, give way”), wice (“wych elm”), Sanskrit विष्टी (viṣṭī, “changeable, changing”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈu̯i.kis/, [ˈu̯ɪkɪs̠]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈvi.t͡ʃis/, [ˈviːt͡ʃis]

Noun

vicis f (genitive, third declension)

1. change, alternation, turn

   in vicem ― mutually, reciprocally

2. time, instance
3. (by extension) season
4. succession
5. condition, lot
6. The position, room, place, stead, post, office or duty of one person assumed by another

Declension

Third-declension noun.

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	—	vicēs
Genitive	vicis	—
Dative	vicī	vicibus
Accusative	vicem	vicēs
Ablative	vice	vicibus
Vocative	—	—

Note: some cases do not occur due to the collocational/syntactic limitations of this word.

Derived terms

• invicem
• vice versā
• vicem gerere
• vicissim
• vicissitūdō
• vicārius
• *vicāta

 

Descendants

• Italo-Romance:
  • Italian: vece
    • → Sardinian: veci
• Insular Romance:
  • ⇒ Sardinian: vicanu, bicaniu
• North Italian:
  • Old Piedmontese: vèis
  • ⇒? Friulian: vecis
• Gallo-Romance:
  • Franco-Provençal: vês, vouês
  • Old French: foiz, feiz
    • Middle French: foys
      • French: fois
        • → Esperanto: fojo
    • → Franco-Provençal: fês
    • → Occitan: fes
• Occitano-Romance:
  • Old Catalan: veu
  • Gascon: vetz
  • Old Occitan: vetz
    • Limousin: vetz
• Ibero-Romance:
  • Asturian: vez
  • Extremaduran: ves
  • Mirandese: beç
  • Old Galician-Portuguese: vez
    • Galician: vez
    • Portuguese: vez
  • Spanish: vez
• Vulgar Latin: *vicenda
  • Italian: vicenda
    • → Ligurian: vicénda
• Borrowings:
  • → Portuguese: vice, vis-

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈu̯iː.kiːs/, [ˈu̯iːkiːs̠]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈvi.t͡ʃis/, [ˈviːt͡ʃis]

Noun

vīcīs m

1. dative/ablative plural of vīcus (“village, municipal”)

References

• “vicis”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “vicis”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• vicis in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • I am sorry for you: tuam vicem doleo
    
• Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 1130
• Dizionario Latino, Olivetti