vosear

Portuguese

Etymology

From vós (“you”, pronoun) +‎ -ear.

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /vo.zeˈa(ʁ)/ [vo.zeˈa(h)]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /vo.zeˈa(ʁ)/ [vo.zeˈa(h)]
  • (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /vo.zeˈa(ɾ)/
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /vo.zeˈa(ʁ)/ [vo.zeˈa(χ)]
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /vo.zeˈa(ɻ)/

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /vuˈzjaɾ/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /vuˈzjaɾ/
  • (Northern Portugal) IPA^(key): /buˈzjaɾ/
  • (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /vuˈzja.ɾi/

• Homophone: vozear
• Hyphenation: vo‧se‧ar

Verb

vosear (first-person singular present voseio, first-person singular preterite voseei, past participle voseado)

1. to address someone with the polite vós pronoun

Conjugation

    Conjugation of vosear (e becomes ei when stressed) (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	vosear
Personal	vosear	voseares	vosear	vosearmos	voseardes	vosearem
Gerund
	voseando
Past participle
Masculine	voseado			voseados
Feminine	voseada			voseadas
Indicative
Present	voseio	voseias	voseia	voseamos	voseais	voseiam
Imperfect	voseava	voseavas	voseava	voseávamos	voseáveis	voseavam
Preterite	voseei	voseaste	voseou	voseamos1, voseámos2	voseastes	vosearam
Pluperfect	voseara	vosearas	voseara	voseáramos	voseáreis	vosearam
Future	vosearei	vosearás	voseará	vosearemos	voseareis	vosearão
Conditional	vosearia	vosearias	vosearia	vosearíamos	vosearíeis	voseariam
Subjunctive
Present	voseie	voseies	voseie	voseemos	voseeis	voseiem
Imperfect	voseasse	voseasses	voseasse	voseássemos	voseásseis	voseassem
Future	vosear	voseares	vosear	vosearmos	voseardes	vosearem
Imperative
Affirmative		voseia	voseie	voseemos	voseai	voseiem
Negative (não)		não voseies	não voseie	não voseemos	não voseeis	não voseiem

¹Brazilian Portuguese.
²European Portuguese.

Spanish

Etymology

From vos +‎ -ear. Compare French vouvoyer.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /boseˈaɾ/ [bo.seˈaɾ]
• Rhymes: -aɾ
• Syllabification: vo‧se‧ar

Verb

vosear (first-person singular present voseo, first-person singular preterite voseé, past participle voseado)

1. to address someone with vos

   Coordinate term: tutear

   Es común vosear en Argentina. ― It is common to use vos in Argentina.

Conjugation

    Conjugation of vosear (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)

infinitive			vosear
gerund			voseando
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		voseado		voseada
		plural		voseados		voseadas
		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	voseo	voseastú voseásvos	vosea	voseamos	voseáis	vosean
	imperfect	voseaba	voseabas	voseaba	voseábamos	voseabais	voseaban
	preterite	voseé	voseaste	voseó	voseamos	voseasteis	vosearon
	future	vosearé	vosearás	voseará	vosearemos	vosearéis	vosearán
	conditional	vosearía	vosearías	vosearía	vosearíamos	vosearíais	vosearían
subjunctive		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	vosee	voseestú voseésvos2	vosee	voseemos	voseéis	voseen
	imperfect (ra)	voseara	vosearas	voseara	voseáramos	vosearais	vosearan
	imperfect (se)	vosease	voseases	vosease	voseásemos	voseaseis	voseasen
	future1	voseare	voseares	voseare	voseáremos	voseareis	vosearen
imperative		—	tú vos	usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ustedes
	affirmative		voseatú voseávos	vosee	voseemos	vosead	voseen
	negative		no vosees	no vosee	no voseemos	no voseéis	no voseen

¹Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
²Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

    Selected combined forms of vosear

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
with infinitive vosear
	dative	vosearme	vosearte	vosearle, vosearse	vosearnos	vosearos	vosearles, vosearse
	accusative	vosearme	vosearte	vosearlo, vosearla, vosearse	vosearnos	vosearos	vosearlos, vosearlas, vosearse
with gerund voseando
	dative	voseándome	voseándote	voseándole, voseándose	voseándonos	voseándoos	voseándoles, voseándose
	accusative	voseándome	voseándote	voseándolo, voseándola, voseándose	voseándonos	voseándoos	voseándolos, voseándolas, voseándose
with informal second-person singular tú imperative vosea
	dative	voséame	voséate	voséale	voséanos	not used	voséales
	accusative	voséame	voséate	voséalo, voséala	voséanos	not used	voséalos, voséalas
with informal second-person singular vos imperative voseá
	dative	voseame	voseate	voseale	voseanos	not used	voseales
	accusative	voseame	voseate	vosealo, voseala	voseanos	not used	vosealos, vosealas
with formal second-person singular imperative vosee
	dative	voséeme	not used	voséele, voséese	voséenos	not used	voséeles
	accusative	voséeme	not used	voséelo, voséela, voséese	voséenos	not used	voséelos, voséelas
with first-person plural imperative voseemos
	dative	not used	voseémoste	voseémosle	voseémonos	voseémoos	voseémosles
	accusative	not used	voseémoste	voseémoslo, voseémosla	voseémonos	voseémoos	voseémoslos, voseémoslas
with informal second-person plural imperative vosead
	dative	voseadme	not used	voseadle	voseadnos	voseaos	voseadles
	accusative	voseadme	not used	voseadlo, voseadla	voseadnos	voseaos	voseadlos, voseadlas
with formal second-person plural imperative voseen
	dative	voséenme	not used	voséenle	voséennos	not used	voséenles, voséense
	accusative	voséenme	not used	voséenlo, voséenla	voséennos	not used	voséenlos, voséenlas, voséense

Derived terms

• voseo

 

Further reading

• “vosear”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), 23rd edition, Royal Spanish Academy, 2014 October 16