xenofobia

See also: xenofóbia and xenofòbia

English

Etymology

Compare Dutch xenofobie, Portuguese xenofobia, Spanish xenofobia, and Turkish zenofobi.

Noun

xenofobia (uncountable)

1. (non-native speakers' English) Misspelling of xenophobia.
   • 1997 April 16, ri20556, “From AUSTRIA - from Portugal”, in soc.college.org.aiesec‎^[1] (Usenet), retrieved 18 April 2022:

     Greetings from Brigite from Portugal to Austria!
     What do I know about your country?
     Hardly nothing! I only know that you speak German, your capital is Vienna and that you have very beatifull^[sic] palaces. oh yes, and that the film of "Sissi" was made there! (Actually I liked it a lot!)
     What prejudices?
     I heard of a lot of xenofobia and racism... is it true?

   • 1998 August 25, Dela, “Restaurants in Brugges?^[sic]”, in rec.travel.europe‎^[2] (Usenet), retrieved 18 April 2022:

     As an ex-inhabitant of Bruges, I'm sorry to read posts with complaints about bad behaviour in restaurants towards tourists. The problem is that in Bruges there are so many tourists that in some restaurants the Brugeois are in a 'minority'. Sometimes restaurant owners try to profile themselves as 'non-tourist' to attract more people from Bruges.
     Though I completely lack any feeling of xenofobia, I must say it is weird to be in a restaurant in your home-town and to be amongst only tourists. It makes you feel like being in a tourist trap - I'm sure the average tourist feels the same about that.

   • 1998 November 7, pipe...@my-dejanews.com, “SEVEN MORE REPRESENTATIVES JOIN ARMENIAN CAUCUS (fwd)”, in soc.culture.turkish‎^[3] (Usenet), retrieved 18 April 2022:

     Genocide is not a mistake. It is delibarete^[sic] attempt to exterminate a people out of racial prejudice. Nobody exterminates anybody because they are an inconveniency,^[sic] as you suggest. Armenians and Turks have coexisted peacefully in the Empire before 1915. Armenians and Turks coexist peacefully in Turkey today. So what was it, a brief attack of xenofobia by the young Turks? come on. You may consider this qubbling^[sic] over a fine point, it is exactly that point you are trying to smear us with.

   • 2002 August 29, Rafa, “Education in CzR”, in soc.culture.czecho-slovak‎^[4] (Usenet), retrieved 18 April 2022:

     Also i see a shade of xenofobia in this treatment and i dont like this. In spain there are also people who see the tourists as inferior beings, not me.

Asturian

Noun

xenofobia f (uncountable)

1. xenophobia (a pathological fear or hatred of strangers or foreigners)

Basque

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish xenofobia.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʃenofobia/ [ʃe.no.fo.β̞i.a]
• Rhymes: -ia, -a
• Hyphenation: xe‧no‧fo‧bi‧a

Noun

xenofobia inan

1. xenophobia (fear or hatred of foreigners)

Declension

Declension of xenofobia (inan a-stem)

	indefinite	singular	plural	proximal plural
absolutive	xenofobia	xenofobia	xenofobiak	xenofobiok
ergative	xenofobiak	xenofobiak	xenofobiek	xenofobiok
dative	xenofobiari	xenofobiari	xenofobiei	xenofobioi
genitive	xenofobiaren	xenofobiaren	xenofobien	xenofobion
comitative	xenofobiarekin	xenofobiarekin	xenofobiekin	xenofobiokin
causative	xenofobiarengatik	xenofobiarengatik	xenofobiengatik	xenofobiongatik
benefactive	xenofobiarentzat	xenofobiarentzat	xenofobientzat	xenofobiontzat
instrumental	xenofobiaz	xenofobiaz	xenofobiez	xenofobiotaz
inessive	xenofobiatan	xenofobian	xenofobietan	xenofobiotan
locative	xenofobiatako	xenofobiako	xenofobietako	xenofobiotako
allative	xenofobiatara	xenofobiara	xenofobietara	xenofobiotara
terminative	xenofobiataraino	xenofobiaraino	xenofobietaraino	xenofobiotaraino
directive	xenofobiatarantz	xenofobiarantz	xenofobietarantz	xenofobiotarantz
destinative	xenofobiatarako	xenofobiarako	xenofobietarako	xenofobiotarako
ablative	xenofobiatatik	xenofobiatik	xenofobietatik	xenofobiotatik
partitive	xenofobiarik	—	—	—
prolative	xenofobiatzat	—	—	—

Related terms

• xenofobo

Further reading

• “xenofobia”, in Euskaltzaindiaren Hiztegia [Dictionary of the Basque Academy] (in Basque), Euskaltzaindia [Royal Academy of the Basque Language]

Galician

Noun

xenofobia f (uncountable)

1. xenophobia

Indonesian

Etymology

Borrowed from English xenophobia, from xeno- + -phobia.

Pronunciation

• (Standard Indonesian) IPA^(key): /senofoˈbia/ [se.no.foˈbi.a]
• Rhymes: -a

Noun

xénofobia

1. xenophobia

Further reading

• “xenofobia”, in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia [Great Dictionary of the Indonesian Language] (in Indonesian), Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016

Italian

Etymology

From xeno- +‎ -fobia.

Pronunciation

• Rhymes: -ia

• IPA^(key): /kse.no.foˈbi.a/
• Rhymes: -ia
• Hyphenation: xe‧no‧fo‧bì‧a

Noun

xenofobia f (plural xenofobie)

1. xenophobia

Related terms

• xenofobico
• xenofobo

Malay

Etymology

From English xenophobia.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˌxenoˈfobia/ [ˌxe.noˈfo.bja]
• Hyphenation: xé‧no‧fo‧bia

Noun

xénofobia (Jawi spelling کسينوفوبيا, plural xenofobia-xenofobia or xenofobia²)

1. xenophobia

Further reading

• "xenofobia" in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu (PRPM) [Malay Literary Reference Centre (PRPM)] (in Malay), Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017
  (also see "xenofobia" at PRPM first version)

Occitan

Etymology

From xeno- +‎ -fobia.

Pronunciation

• Audio (Béarn):

  (file)

Noun

xenofobia f (plural xenofobias)

1. xenophobia

Further reading

• Diccionari General de la Lenga Occitana‎^[5], L’Academia occitana – Consistòri del Gai Saber, 2008-2026, page 738

Portuguese

Etymology

Etymology tree

Pre-Greekder.

Proto-Hellenic *ksénwos

Ancient Greek ξένϝος (xénwos)

Ancient Greek ξένος (xénos)bor.

Portuguese xeno-

Portuguese -fobia

Portuguese xenofobia

From xeno- + -fobia.

Pronunciation

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ʃe.no.foˈbi.ɐ/

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ʃɨ.nɔ.fuˈbi.ɐ/ [ʃɨ.nɔ.fuˈβi.ɐ], /ˌʃɛ.nɔ.fuˈbi.ɐ/ [ˌʃɛ.nɔ.fuˈβi.ɐ]

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ʃɨ.nɔ.fuˈbi.ɐ/ [ʃɨ.nɔ.fuˈβi.ɐ], /ˌʃɛ.nɔ.fuˈbi.ɐ/ [ˌʃɛ.nɔ.fuˈβi.ɐ]
  • (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /ʃɨ.nɔ.fuˈbi.ɐ/, /ˌʃɛ.nɔ.fuˈbi.ɐ/

• Hyphenation: xe‧no‧fo‧bi‧a

Noun

xenofobia f (plural xenofobias)

1. xenophobia (fear or hatred of foreigners)

   Synonym: xenofobismo

Related terms

• xenofóbico
• xenófobo

Further reading

• “xenofobia”, in Dicionário Aulete Digital (in Portuguese), Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon Editora Digital, 2008–2026
• “xenofobia”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2026

Romanian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kse.no.foˈbi.e/

Noun

xenofobia f

1. definite nominative/accusative singular of xenofobie

Spanish

Etymology

From xeno- +‎ -fobia.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /senoˈfobja/ [se.noˈfo.β̞ja]

  • Audio:

    (file)

  • Syllabification: xe‧no‧fo‧bia
• IPA^(key): /senoˈfobja/ [se.noˈfo.β̞ja]
• Rhymes: -obja

Noun

xenofobia f (plural xenofobias)

1. xenophobia

   Antonym: endofobia

Related terms

• xenófobo

Further reading

• “xenofobia”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8.1, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 15 December 2025