πάτος

Ancient Greek

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /pá.tos/ → /ˈpa.tos/ → /ˈpa.tos/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /pá.tos/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈpa.tos/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈpa.tos/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈpa.tos/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈpa.tos/

Etymology 1

Uncertain. Clearly related to πατέω (patéō, “I walk, tread”), but which gave rise to which is less clear. It could be an old zero-grade variant of πόντος (póntos, “sea”), and if so, πατέω (patéō) would be the derivative. In this case, the words derive from Proto-Indo-European *pent- (“to go, walk; way”); cognates thus include Sanskrit पन्था (pánthā), Avestan 𐬞𐬀𐬥𐬙𐬁 (pantā), Old Armenian հուն (hun), Proto-Germanic *paþaz, whence English path. However, Beekes and Chantraine express semantic doubts for the hypothetical sense development from "way, bath" (πάτος (pátos)) > "to tread" (πατέω (patéō)), as the latter appears to emphasize the individual movement of the legs; if these doubts are correct, then there is no other good etymology for the Greek terms.

Noun

πᾰ́τος • (pátos) m (genitive πᾰ́του); second declension

1. trodden or beaten way, path
2. step (movement of the foot), stepping, treading
3. floor
4. dirt, mud, dung

Inflection

Second declension of ὁ πᾰ́τος; τοῦ πᾰ́του (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ πᾰ́τος ho pátos	τὼ πᾰ́τω tṑ pátō	οἱ πᾰ́τοι hoi pátoi
Genitive	τοῦ πᾰ́του toû pátou	τοῖν πᾰ́τοιν toîn pátoin	τῶν πᾰ́των tôn pátōn
Dative	τῷ πᾰ́τῳ tôi pátōi	τοῖν πᾰ́τοιν toîn pátoin	τοῖς πᾰ́τοις toîs pátois
Accusative	τὸν πᾰ́τον tòn páton	τὼ πᾰ́τω tṑ pátō	τοὺς πᾰ́τους toùs pátous
Vocative	πᾰ́τε páte	πᾰ́τω pátō	πᾰ́τοι pátoi
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Etymology 2

Of uncertain origin. Has been connected with Proto-Indo-European *(s)penh₁- (“to weave, spin”) (whence πένομαι (pénomai, “to toil, exert”)), while other theories take the word as a back-formation of πατέω (patéō, “to tread”) (and thus the same as Etymology 1), thus "what is tread" > "long garment reaching to the feet, train". Neither is particularly convincing nor unconvincing.

Noun

πάτος • (pátos) n (genitive πᾰ́τους); third declension

1. robe worn by Hera

Inflection

Third declension of τὸ πᾰ́τος; τοῦ πᾰ́τους (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	τὸ πᾰ́τος tò pátos	τὼ πᾰ́τει tṑ pátei	τᾰ̀ πᾰ́τη tà pátē
Genitive	τοῦ πᾰ́τους toû pátous	τοῖν πᾰτοῖν toîn patoîn	τῶν πᾰτῶν tôn patôn
Dative	τῷ πᾰ́τει tôi pátei	τοῖν πᾰτοῖν toîn patoîn	τοῖς πᾰ́τεσῐ / πᾰ́τεσῐν toîs pátesi(n)
Accusative	τὸ πᾰ́τος tò pátos	τὼ πᾰ́τει tṑ pátei	τᾰ̀ πᾰ́τη tà pátē
Vocative	πᾰ́τος pátos	πᾰ́τει pátei	πᾰ́τη pátē
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Further reading

• “πάτος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “πάτος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “πάτος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “πάτος”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• πάτος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• πάτος in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• πάτος in Trapp, Erich, et al. (1994–2007) Lexikon zur byzantinischen Gräzität besonders des 9.-12. Jahrhunderts, Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften

Greek

Etymology

From Ancient Greek πάτος (pátos).

Noun

πάτος • (pátos) m (plural πάτοι)

1. bottom, base
   1. seabed, riverbed, lakebed

      Synonym: βυθός (vythós)

   2. of a bottle, container, etc
   3. buttocks

      Synonym: πισινός (pisinós)

   4. of boot or shoe, insole

      Synonym: πατούσα (patoúsa)

2. (figuratively) bottom (of the class, test, etc)

Declension

Declension of πάτος

	singular	plural
nominative	πάτος •	πάτοι •
genitive	πάτου •	πάτων •
accusative	πάτο •	πάτους •
vocative	πάτε •	πάτοι •

Related terms

• άπατα (ápata, “in deep, sunk”, adverb)
• πατώνω (patóno)
• πάτωμα (pátoma)