From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
Jump to navigation Jump to search
See also:
U+5F79, 役
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5F79

[U+5F78]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+5F7A]

Translingual

[edit]

Han character

[edit]

(Kangxi radical 60, +4, 7 strokes, cangjie input 竹人竹弓水 (HOHNE), four-corner 27247, composition )

Derived characters

[edit]

References

[edit]
  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 365, character 18
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 10057
  • Dae Jaweon: page 685, character 12
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 814, character 23
  • Unihan data for U+5F79

Chinese

[edit]
simp. and trad.

Glyph origin

[edit]
Historical forms of the character
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts

Ideogrammic compound (會意会意) : semantic (movement; action) + semantic (a weapon, like a spear). The character originally depicted guarding a border with a weapon in hand, and by extension, it came to represent the idea of performing a duty or task.[1]

Etymology

[edit]

From (OC *ɢʷal, “to do”) with k-extension (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation

[edit]

Note: ia̍h - vernacular, e̍k/ia̍k - literary.

  • Dialectal data
Variety Location
Mandarin Beijing /i⁵¹/
Harbin /i⁵³/
Tianjin /i⁵³/
Jinan /i²¹/
Qingdao /i⁴²/
Zhengzhou /i⁴²/
Xi'an /i²⁴/
Xining /ji²⁴/
Yinchuan /i¹³/
Lanzhou /i⁵³/
Ürümqi /i²¹³/
Wuhan /y²¹³/
Chengdu /yo³¹/
Guiyang /iu²¹/
Kunming /i³¹/
Nanjing /ʐuʔ⁵/
Hefei /yəʔ⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /iəʔ²/
Pingyao /yʌʔ⁵³/
Hohhot /i⁵⁵/
Wu Shanghai /ɦioʔ¹/
/ɦyɪʔ¹/
Suzhou /ɦyəʔ³/
Hangzhou /ɦioʔ²/
Wenzhou /jy²¹³/
Hui Shexian /yʔ²¹/
Tunxi
Xiang Changsha /y²⁴/
Xiangtan /y²⁴/
Gan Nanchang /yʔ⁵/
Hakka Meixian /it̚⁵/
Taoyuan /ʒït̚⁵⁵/
Cantonese Guangzhou /jek̚²/
Nanning /jek̚²²/
Hong Kong /jik̚²/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /ik̚⁵/
/iaʔ⁵/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /iʔ⁵/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /i²⁴/
Shantou (Teochew) /hiaʔ⁵/
Haikou (Hainanese) /ia³³/
/zi³⁵/

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (36)
Final () (124)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division () III
Fanqie
Baxter ywek
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/jwiᴇk̚/
Pan
Wuyun
/jʷiɛk̚/
Shao
Rongfen
/iuæk̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/jwiajk̚/
Li
Rong
/iuɛk̚/
Wang
Li
/jĭwɛk̚/
Bernard
Karlgren
/i̯wɛk̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
wik6
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
Middle
Chinese
‹ ywek ›
Old
Chinese
/*ɢʷek/
English war expedition; service

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 15006
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*ɢʷeɡ/

Definitions

[edit]

  1. to guard the borders
  2. soldier
  3. matter; event; incident
  4. war; military campaign
  5. forced labour
  6. military service
  7. labourer
  8. servant
  9. to use as a servant
  10. to attract
  11. student; disciple
  12. duty; responsibility
  13. low-ranking official
  14. to arrange into rows
  15. to help; to aid
  16. to be; to act as
  17. to practise; to act with

Compounds

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Digital Shinjigen 2017

Japanese

[edit]

Kanji

[edit]

(Third grade kyōiku kanji)

  1. duty, office
  2. service
  3. role, part

Readings

[edit]

Etymology 1

[edit]
Kanji in this term
やく
Grade: 3
on'yomi

From Middle Chinese (MC ywek). The goon reading, so likely the initial borrowing.

Pronunciation

[edit]

Noun

[edit]

(やく) (yaku

  1. role, service, use
  2. (card games, mahjong) hand, scoring combination

Suffix

[edit]

(やく) (-yaku

  1. playing the role of...
    (すず)(みや)ハルヒ(やく)(ひら)()(あや)さん
    Suzumiya Haruhi-yaku no Hirano Aya-san
    Aya Hirano, who voices Haruhi Suzumiya

Etymology 2

[edit]
Kanji in this term
えき
Grade: 3
kan'on

From Middle Chinese (MC ywek).

The kan'on pronunciation, so likely a later borrowing.

Pronunciation

[edit]

Noun

[edit]

(えき) (eki

  1. war; battle
  2. (archaic) This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Affix

[edit]

(えき) (eki

  1. duty; service
  2. put to work, labor
  3. war; battle

References

[edit]
  1. 1.0 1.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

From Middle Chinese (MC ywek).

Recorded as Middle Korean ᄋᆑᆨ〮 (Yale: yuyek) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448.

Recorded as Middle Korean 역〮 (yék) (Yale: yek) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja

[edit]
Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

(eumhun 부릴 (buril yeok))

  1. hanja form? of (duty; role)

Compounds

[edit]

References

[edit]
  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [2]

Vietnamese

[edit]

Han character

[edit]

: Hán Việt readings: dịch[1][2][3][4][5][6]
: Nôm readings: dịch[1][2][3], việc[1][2][3][7], diếc[1]

  1. chữ Hán form of dịch (service, work).
  2. Nôm form of việc (work, job, business, matter, affair).

References

[edit]