e

See also E, and Appendix:Variations of "e"

Translingual

Unicode name	LATIN SMALL LETTER E
Codepoint	U+0065
d ← Basic Latin → f

Wikipedia

Etymology

Modification of capital letter E, from Ancient Greek letter Ε (E, “Epsilon”).

Pronunciation

• IPA

  (file)

Letter

e lower case (upper case E)

1. The fifth letter of the basic modern Latin alphabet.

See also

• (Latin script):  Aa  Bb  Cc  Dd  Ee  Ff  Gg  Hh  Ii  Jj  Kk  Ll  Mm  Nn  Oo  Pp  Qq  Rr  Ss  Tt  Uu  Vv  Ww  Xx  Yy  Zz
• (Variations of letter E):  Éé  Èè  Êê  Ḙḙ  Ěě  Ĕĕ  Ẽẽ  Ḛḛ  Ẻẻ  Ėė  Ëë  Ēē  Ȩȩ  Ęę  ᶒ  Ɇɇ  Ȅȅ  Ếế  Ềề  Ễễ  Ểể  Ḝḝ  Ḗḗ  Ḕḕ  Ȇȇ  Ẹẹ  Ệệ  ⱸ  ᴇ  Ｅｅ  Ææ  Ǽǽ  Ǣǣ  &  Œœ  ᵫ
• (select similar letters and symbols) ɘ ǝ Ə Ɛ Æ Œ
• (other scripts) ε (e, “epsilon”) е (je)
• See Appendix:Variations of "e"

Symbol

Wikipedia

e

1. (mathematics) The base of natural logarithms, a transcendental number with a value of approximately 2.718281828459
2. (IPA) close-mid front unrounded vowel

See also

Other representations of E:

NATO phonetic: Echo Morse code: · Braille: ⠑ ASL Manual: E

Signal flag:

Semaphore:

• Letter styles
• 

  Capital and lowercase versions of E, in normal and italic type

• 

  Uppercase and lowercase E in Fraktur

• 

  Approximate form of upper case letter E in uncial script that was the source for lower case e

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English

Etymology

From Middle English and Old English lower case letter e and split of æ, ea, eo, and œ, from five 7th century replacements of Anglo-Saxon Futhorcs by Latin letters:

• Old English lower case letter e, from replacement by Latin letter e of the Anglo-Saxon Futhorc letter ᛖ (e).
• Old English lower case letter æ from replacement by Latin ligature æ of the Anglo-Saxon Futhorc letter ᚫ (æ).
• Old English lower case digraph ea, from replacement by Latin digraph ea of the Anglo-Saxon Futhorc letter ᛠ (ea).
• Old English lower case digraph eo from replacement by Latin digraph eo of Anglo-Saxon Futhorc ᛇ (ēo).
• Old English lower case letter œ from replacement by Latin ligature œ of the Anglo-Saxon Futhorc letter ᛟ (œ).

Pronunciation

• (letter name): IPA: /iː/

• Audio (UK)

  (file)

• Audio (US)

  (file)

• (phoneme): IPA: /ɛ/, /iː/, /ə/, /eɪ/
• In addition to the phonemes noted above, "e" can also be silent, representing no sound itself but indicating which phoneme another letter in the word represents. See the article "Silent e" on Wikipedia.

Letter

e lowercase (uppercase E)

1. The fifth letter of the English alphabet, called e and written in the Latin script.

Coordinate terms

• (Latin script letters) letter; Aa, Bb, Cc, Dd, Ee, Ff, Gg, Hh, Ii, Jj, Kk, Ll, Mm, Nn, Oo, Pp, Qq, Rr, Ss, Tt, Uu, Vv, Ww, Xx, Yy, Zz

Number

e lower case (upper case E)

1. The ordinal number fifth, derived from this letter of the English alphabet, called e and written in the Latin script.

Noun

e (plural e's)

1. The name of the Latin script letter E/e.
2. (mathematics) the base of the natural logarithm, 2.718281828459045…

Coordinate terms

• (Latin script letter names) letter; a, bee, cee, dee, e, ef, gee, aitch, i, jay, kay, el, em, en, o, pee, cue, ar, ess, tee, u, vee, double-u, ex, wye, zee/zed ^{(Category: en:Latin letter names)}

Translations

name of the letter E, e

• Arabic: إي (ar) ('ii) m, إيه (ar) ('iih) m
• Catalan: e (ca) f
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: (English letter names are called as in English, no other standard Mandarin name exists)

• Esperanto: e (eo)
• Finnish: ee (fi)
• Hawaiian: ʻē
• Hindi: ई (hi) (ī)
• Japanese: イー (ja) (ī)

• Korean: 이 (ko) (i)
• Latin: ē (la)
• Malay: i (ms), i (ms)
• Marathi: ई (mr) (ī)
• Portuguese: é (pt) m
• Russian: и (ru) (i) n  (English), е (ru) (je) n , э (ru) (е) n 
• Spanish: e (es) f
• Thai: อี (th) (ee)
• Turkish: e (tr)
• Vietnamese: e (vi)

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Albanian

Pronunciation

• IPA: [ɛ]

Pronoun

e

1. Third-person singular accusative-case pronominal clitic (him, her, it)

   S'e di.

   I don't know (it).

Article

e

1. adjectival article for:
   1. definite masculine singular adjectives in all accusative case
   2. indefinite feminine singular adjectives in the nominative case
   3. definite plural and feminine singular adjectives in the nominative and accusative cases

See also

forms of the adjectival articles

	masculine (gjinia mashkullore)			feminine (gjinia femërore)			plural (numri shumës)
	indefinite (trajta të pashquara)	definite (trajta të shquara)		indefinite (trajta të pashquara)	definite (trajta të shquara)		indefinite (trajta të pashquara)	definite (trajta të shquara)
nominative (emërore)	i	i		e	e		të	e
accusative (kallëzore)	të	e		të	e		të	e
genitive, dative and ablative (gjinore, dhanore dhe rrjedhore)	të	të		të	së		të	të
Note that regardless of the definite state of the noun being described, the definite articles are only used when immediately following a definite-form noun. If two adjectives (or other words that use these articles) come back to back, the second word's article will be indefinite. yjet e mëdhenj të largët — the large, distant stars Notice that while both adjectives require the adjectival article and the same masculine plural agreement, only the first adjectival article takes its definite form, as the second is not in the immediate environment of the modified definite noun.

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Angolar

Pronoun

e

1. he

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Aromanian

Etymology

From Latin et.

Conjunction

e

1. and
2. but
3. or

Synonyms

• (and): shi

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Azeri

Letter

e lower case (upper case E)

1. The sixth letter of the Azeri alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin script letters) hərf; Aa, Bb, Cc, Çç, Dd, Ee, Əə, Ff, Gg, Ğğ, Hh, Xx, Iı, İi, Jj, Kk, Qq, Ll, Mm, Nn, Oo, Öö, Pp, Rr, Ss, Şş, Tt, Uu, Üü, Vv, Yy, Zz

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Breton

Pronoun

e

1. his

Preposition

e

1. in

Usage notes

It contracts with the articles, see el, en and er.

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Catalan

Noun

e f (plural es)

1. The Latin letter E (lowercase e).

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Corsican

Etymology

From Latin et.

Conjunction

e

1. and

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Dalmatian

Etymology

From Latin et.

Conjunction

e

1. and

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Dutch

Pronunciation

• Rhymes: -eː
• (letter name): IPA: /eː/

Letter

e (lower case, upper case E)

1. The fifth letter of the Dutch alphabet.

See also

• Previous letter: d
• Next letter: f

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Esperanto

Pronunciation

• (letter name): IPA: /e/
• (phoneme): IPA: /e/

• Audio

  (file)

Letter

e lower case (upper case E)

1. The sixth letter of the Esperanto alphabet, called e and written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin script letters) litero; Aa, Bb, Cc, Ĉĉ, Dd, Ee, Ff, Gg, Ĝĝ, Hh, Ĥĥ, Ii, Jj, Ĵĵ, Kk, Ll, Mm, Nn, Oo, Pp, Rr, Ss, Ŝŝ, Tt, Uu, Ŭŭ, Vv, Zz

Noun

e (plural e-oj, accusative singular e-on, accusative plural e-ojn)

1. The name of the Latin script letter E/e.

See also

• (Latin script letter names) litero; a, bo/‎be, co/‎ce, ĉo/‎ĉa, do/‎de, e, fo/‎ef, go/‎ge, ĝo/‎ĝe, ho/‎ha, ĥo/‎ĥi, i, jo/‎je, ĵo/‎ĵi, ko/‎ka, lo/‎el, mo/‎om, no/‎en, o, po/‎pa, ro/‎ar, so/‎es, ŝo/‎eŝ, to/‎ta, u, ŭo/‎eŭ, vo/‎vi, zo/‎ze ^{(Category: eo:Latin letter names)}

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Fala

Conjunction

e

1. Alternative form of i.

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Galician

Conjunction

e

1. and

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Hawaiian

Particle

e

1. used to mark the following verb as an infinitive; to
2. used before a name, a noun or a phrase to address someone or something

Preposition

e

1. by (indicating the agent of a verb in the passive voice)

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Hungarian

Etymology

From the same Uralic root *e as Finnish että and Estonian et.

Pronunciation

• IPA: /ˈɛ/
• (letter name): IPA: /ˈɛː/

Pronoun

e

1. (archaic) this (used as a pronoun, that is, instead of a noun phrase, with postpositions taking nouns with cases)
   • 1836: Vörösmarty Mihály, Szózat

     A nagy világon e kivűl (modern spelling: kívül)

     Nincsen számodra hely;

Determiner

e (demonstrative)

1. this

   E házban lakott Petőfi Sándor - Petőfi Sándor lived in this house.

Synonyms

• eme
• ezen

Usage notes

A rarer substitute of ez, but unlike ez, it does not take the case of the noun it is attached to, and no definite article is used:

ezen a helyen - e helyen (at this place)

ebben a házban - e házban (in this house)

Interjection

e

1. look!, hey! (expressing surprise or wanting to get attention)

   E! Hát Józsi meg hová tűnt? - Hey! Where is Joe?

   Itt van, e! - Here it is. (informal, not polite)

Letter

e (lower case, upper case E)

1. The ninth letter of the Hungarian alphabet.

See also

• Previous letter: dzs
• Next letter: é

See also

• -e (suffix)

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Ido

Alternative forms

• (before a vowel) ed

Etymology

From Italian e, ed (compare Esperanto kaj), from Latin et, from Proto-Indo-European *éti.

Conjunction

e

1. and

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Interlingua

Alternative forms

• (rare) et

Conjunction

e

1. and

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Italian

Etymology

From Latin et.

Alternative forms

• (before a vowel) ed

Pronunciation

• IPA: [e]

Conjunction

e

1. and

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Japanese

Romanization

e

1. See え
2. See エ
3. See へ
4. See ヘ

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Latin

Etymology 1

Letter

e

1. A letter of the Latin alphabet.

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA: /eː/, X-SAMPA: /e:/

Noun

ē (indeclinable)

1. The name of the letter E.

Coordinate terms

• (Latin’s names for the letters of its own alphabet): ā (A), bē (B), cē (C), dē (D), ē (E), ef (F), gē (G), hā (H), ī (I), kā (K), el (L), em (M), en (N), ō (O), pē (P), kū (Q), er (R), es (S), tē (T), ū (V), ix / īx / ex (X), ȳ (Y), zēta (Z)

References

• Arthur E. Gordon, The Letter Names of the Latin Alphabet (University of California Press, 1973; volume 9 of University of California Publications: Classical Studies), part III: “Summary of the Ancient Evidence”, page 32: "Clearly there is no question or doubt about the names of the vowels A, E, I, O, U. They are simply long A, long E, etc. (ā, ē, ī, ō, ū). Nor is there any uncertainty with respect to the six mutes B, C, D, G, P, T. Their names are bē, cē, dē, gē, pē, tē (each with a long E). Or about H, K, and Q: they are hā, kā, kū—each, again, with a long vowel sound."

Etymology 3

Abbreviated from ēx.

Preposition

ē (short form of ex)

1. out of, from
   • a. 55 BCE, Titus Lucretius Carus, De rerum natura

     ..et ignis semina convolvunt e nubibus.

     “..and the seeds of fire roll from the clouds.”

Related terms

• e-
• ex

Derived terms

• e pluribus unum

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Latvian

Wikipedia ^lv

Etymology

Proposed in 1908 as part of the new Latvian spelling by the scientific commission headed by K. Mīlenbahs, which was accepted and began to be taught in schools in 1909. Prior to that, Latvian had been written in German Fraktur, and sporadically in Cyrillic.

Pronunciation

• IPA: [ɛ], IPA: [æ]

Letter

E

e lower case (upper case E)

1. The seventh letter of the Latvian alphabet, called e and written in the Latin script.

Usage notes

The letter E/e (like its long counterpart Ē/ē) represent two sounds, [ɛ] — šaurais e (“narrow e”) — and [æ] — platais e (“broad e”). In principle, [ɛ] is used when there is a palatal element (the vowels i, ī, e, ē, the diphthongs ie, ei, and the palatal consonants j, ķ, ģ, ļ, ņ, š, ž, č, dž, and, in the old spelling, ŗ) either in the same or in the following syllable; otherwise, [æ] is used. Unfortunately, some historical changes have obscured this pattern by removing some previously existing palatal elements; as a result of that, for a number of words the actual pronunciation of the letter e — [ɛ] or [æ] — must be memorized.

See also

• Letters of the Latvian alphabet:

  burti: Aa, Āā, Bb, Cc, Čč, Dd, Ee, Ēē, Ff, Gg, Ģģ, Hh, Ii, Īī, Jj, Kk, Ķķ, Ll, Ļļ, Mm, Nn, Ņņ, Oo, Pp, Rr, Ss, Šš, Tt, Uu, Ūū, Vv, Zz, Žž

Pronunciation

• IPA: [ɛ]

Noun

e m, invariable

1. The Latvian name of the Latin script letter E/e.

See also

• Latvian letter names:

  a (A), garais ā (Ā), bē (B), cē (C), čē (Č), dē (D), e (E), garais ē (Ē}, ef (F), gā (G), ģē (Ģ), hā (H), i (I), garais ī (Ī), jē (J), kā (K), ķē (Ķ), el (L), eļ (Ļ), em (M), en (N), eņ (Ņ), o (O), pē (P), er (R), es (S), eš (Š), tē (T), u (U), garais ū (Ū), vē (V), zē (Z), žē (Ž)

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Malay

Letter

e

1. The fifth letter of the Malay alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin script letters) Aa, Bb, Cc, Dd, Ee, Ff, Gg, Hh, Ii, Jj, Kk, Ll, Mm, Nn, Oo, Pp, Qq, Rr, Ss, Tt, Uu, Vv, Ww, Xx, Yy, Zz

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Mandarin

Romanization

e

1. Nonstandard spelling of ē.
2. Nonstandard spelling of é.
3. Nonstandard spelling of ě.
4. Nonstandard spelling of è.

Usage notes

English transcriptions of Chinese speech often fail to distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Chinese language, using words such as this one without the appropriate indication of tone.

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Navajo

Letter

E e

1. The eighth letter of the Navajo alphabet:

   e = /ɛ˨/

   ę = /ɛ̃˨/

   é = /ɛ˥/

   ę́ = /ɛ̃˥/

   ee = /ɛː˨˨/

   ęę = /ɛ̃ː˨˨/

   ée = /ɛː˥˨/

   ę́ę = /ɛ̃ː˥˨/

   eé = /ɛː˨˥/

   ęę́ = /ɛ̃ː˨˥/

   éé = /ɛː˥˥/

   ę́ę́ = /ɛ̃ː˥˥/

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Neapolitan

Pronunciation

• IPA: /e/

Etymology 1

From Latin de

Alternative forms

'e

Preposition

e

1. of (used to express ownership)

Etymology 2

From Latin et

Conjunction

e

1. and

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Norwegian

Pronunciation

• (letter name): IPA: /eː/
• (phoneme): IPA: /eː/, /e/, /ɛ/, /ə/, /æ/

Etymology 1

Usage notes

• IPA: /ə/ only appears in unstressed syllables.

Letter

e

1. The fifth letter of the Norwegian alphabet

Inflection

    Inflection of e

	indefinite singular	definite singular	indefinite plural	definite plural
Bokmål m	e	e-en	e-er	e-ene
Nynorsk m	e	e-en	e-ar	e-ane

Etymology 2

Verb

e

1. (dialectal) Present tense of være (Bokmål), vera/vere (Nynorsk); equivalent to standardized er.

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Occitan

Etymology

From Old Provençal e < Latin et.

Conjunction

e

1. and

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Old French

Alternative forms

• et

Etymology

From Latin et.

Conjunction

e

1. and

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Old Portuguese

Etymology 1

From Latin et, from Proto-Indo-European *éti.

Pronunciation

• IPA: /e/

Alternative forms

• ⁊

Conjunction

e

1. and (expresses two elements to be taken together or in addition to each other)

Descendants

• Fala: i
• Galician: e
• Portuguese: e

Etymology 2

Verb

e

1. Alternative form of é.
   • 13th century, attributed to Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, E codex, cantiga 7 (facsimile):

     Eſta e como ſanta Maria liurou a Abadeſſa prenne q̇ adormecera anto ſeu Altar chorando.

     This one is about how Holy Mary acquitted the pregnant abbess who had fallen asleep crying in front of her altar.

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Old Provençal

Etymology

From Latin et.

Conjunction

e

1. and

Descendants

• Occitan: e

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Portuguese

Pronunciation

• IPA: /i/

• Audio (BR)

  (file)

• (South Brazil) IPA: /e/

Letter

e lower case (upper case E) (with diacritics: é, ê)

1. The fifth letter of the Portuguese alphabet, called ê or é and written in the Latin script.
   • 2005, Lya Wyler (translator), J. K. Rowling (English author), Harry Potter e o Enigma do Príncipe (Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince), Rocco, page 141:

     Quero conversar com os senhores e exijo sua total e absoluta atenção.

     I want to talk with you and I demand your total and absolute attention.

Etymology

From Latin et (“and”), from Proto-Indo-European *éti.

Conjunction

e

1. and
   • 2003, Lya Wyler (translator), J. K. Rowling (English author), Harry Potter e a Ordem da Fênix (Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix), Rocco, page 308:

     Você notou os cabelos dela, são negros e brilhantes e macios...

     You noticed her hair, it's dark and brilliant and soft...

   • 2007, Lya Wyler (translator), J. K. Rowling (English author), Harry Potter e as Relíquias da Morte (Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows), Rocco, page 211:

     Mandaram lacrar todas as saídas e não deixar ninguém...

     They ordered me to seal all the exits and not to let anyone...

Synonyms

• &

Noun

e m (usually uncountable)

1. (logic) and, conjunction

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Rapa Nui

Particle

e

1. agentive particle that marks the subject when a sensing verb is used

Usage notes

Only used with sensing verbs; otherwise use i.

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Romanian

Etymology 1

• (letter name) IPA: /e/
• (phoneme, generally) IPA: /e/

Letter

e (lower case, upper case E)

1. The seventh letter of the Romanian alphabet.

See also

• Previous letter: d
• Next letter: f

Usage notes

See E for pronunciation notes and details.

Interjection

e

1. expression of annoyance, irritation
2. expression of boredom, indifference
3. (when prolonged...eee) surprise, satisfaction, admiration

Etymology 2

• IPA: /je/

• audio

  (file)

Verb

e

1. (informal) third-person singular present tense form of fi.

   El e un copil.

   "He is a child."

Synonyms

• este

Etymology 3

From Latin et.

Conjunction

e

1. (obsolete) and
2. (obsolete) but

Synonyms

• (and): și
• (but): dar, iar

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Samoan

Preposition

e

1. by (a person or animate object)

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Scottish Gaelic

Etymology

From Old Irish é, hé, from Proto-Indo-European *éy.

Pronoun

e

1. he
2. him
3. (referring to a masculine noun) it

Related terms

• esan (emphatic)

See also

mi thu i

sinn sibh iad

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Serbo-Croatian

Etymology 1

See Translingual section.

Alternative forms

• (uppercase): E

Pronunciation

• (phoneme) IPA: /e/

Letter

e (Cyrillic spelling е)

1. The 9th letter of the Serbo-Croatian Latin alphabet (gajica), preceded by đ and followed by f.

Usage notes

Its name is е /ɛ/ and it has the sound of e in net.

Etymology 2

Variant of ej or hej

Interjection

e (Cyrillic spelling е)

1. (rare) well, now
2. (informal, at the beginning of the sentence) hey
3. (informal, at the beginning of the sentence) Used to emphasize the sentence

   E, šta ima? — “Hey, what's up?”

4. (informal, at the beginning of the sentence) Used to express surprise

   E, otkud ti? — “Hey, where did you come from?”

5. (informal, at the beginning of the sentence) Used to get attention or change the topic of conversation, especially if followed by a (and, but)

   E, a vidi ovo. — “And look at this.”

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Spanish

Etymology 1

Letter

e (lower case, upper case E)

1. The fifth letter of the Spanish alphabet.

Noun

e f (plural es)

1. Name of the letter E.

Etymology 2

Alternative forms

• y

Conjunction

e

1. and

Usage notes

Used instead of y when the following word starts with the vowel sound /i/.

See also

• u

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Swedish

Pronunciation

Letter name

• IPA: /eː/

Phoneme

• IPA: /eː/, /ɛ/, /ɛː/

Letter

e lower case (upper case E)

1. The fifth letter of the Swedish alphabet, called e and written in the Latin script.

Verb

e

1. (informal, Internet slang, text messaging) Alternative spelling of är (“is, are”).

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Tahitian

Particle

e

1. indicates that an action is unfinished when inserted before the verb

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Tongan

Preposition

e

1. by

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Turkish

Letter

e lower case (upper case E)

1. The sixth letter of the Turkish alphabet, called e and written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin script letters) harf; Aa, Bb, Cc, Çç, Dd, Ee, Ff, Gg, Ğğ, Hh, Iı, İi, Jj, Kk, Ll, Mm, Nn, Oo, Öö, Pp, Rr, Ss, Şş, Tt, Uu, Üü, Vv, Yy, Zz

Noun

e

1. The name of the Latin script letter E/e.

See also

• (Latin script letter names) harf; a, be, ce, çe, de, e, fe, ge, yumuşak ge, he, ı, i, je, ke, le, me, ne, o, ö, pe, re, se, şe, te, u, ü, ve, ye, ze ^{(Category: tr:Latin letter names)}

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Tuvaluan

Particle

e

1. present tense marker, inserted immediately before the relevant verb

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Volapük

Conjunction

e

1. and

See also

• ed

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Welsh

Pronoun

e

1. he, him

Usage notes

E is used predominantly in the south of Wales, while o is used in the north. fe and fo are variants of e and o respectively.