-i

Definition from Wiktionary, a free dictionary

Contents 1 English 1.1 Etymology 1.2 Suffix 1.2.1 Usage notes 2 Esperanto 2.1 Etymology 2.2 Suffix 3 German 3.1 Suffix 3.1.1 See also 4 Hungarian 4.1 Pronunciation 4.2 Suffix 4.2.1 Usage notes 4.3 See also 5 Ido 5.1 Suffix 6 Italian 6.1 Suffix 7 Latin 7.1 Suffix 8 Romanian 8.1 Etymology 1 8.1.1 Suffix 8.1.1.1 Usage notes 8.2 Etymology 2 8.2.1 Suffix 8.2.1.1 Usage notes 8.2.1.2 Related terms 8.3 Etymology 3 8.3.1 Suffix 8.3.1.1 Usage notes 8.3.1.2 See also 9 Turkish 9.1 Suffix 9.2 Usage notes 10 Uzbek 10.1 Suffix

[edit] English

[edit] Etymology

[edit] Suffix

-i

1. Used to form adjectives and nouns describing people of a particular city, region, or country, and the language spoken by these people.

   Iraq → Iraqi, Israel → Israeli, Pakistan → Pakistani, Bengal → Bengali, Nepal → Nepali, Desh → Desi, Hyderabad → Hyderabadi

[edit] Usage notes

• The suffix -i is just one of several suffixes with this sense; others include -an, -ian, -er, and -ish. -i is used mostly for Middle Eastern and South Asian demonyms, as well as certain groups known to ancient Romans.

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[edit] Esperanto

[edit] Etymology

1. Perhaps from Latin deponent verbs such as loqui "to speak".
2. Common to English e (pronounced [i]) in me, she, he, we and the Italian accusative pronouns mi, ti, vi, li, si.

[edit] Suffix

-i

1. (verbal inflection marking the infinitive)
2. common vowel of personal pronouns: mi, ni, ci, vi, li, ŝi, ĝi, oni, ili, si.

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[edit] German

[edit] Suffix

-i

1. (sometimes used to create a diminutive form, as in Hans -> Hansi)

[edit] See also

• -lein
• -chen
• -erl (Austrian dialect)

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[edit] Hungarian

[edit] Pronunciation

• IPA: /ˈi/

[edit] Suffix

-i

1. Added to a proper noun or a noun to form an adjective.

   Amerika (“‘America’”) → amerikai (“‘American’”)

   város (“‘city’”) → városi élet (“‘city life’”)

2. Diminutive suffix added to nouns, mostly used by the younger generation or in informal conversations.

   fagylalt → fagyi - ice cream

3. his, her, its ... -s (third-person singular possessive suffix denoting plural possession)

   kapu (“‘gate’”) → a kapui (“‘his/her/its gates’”)

   palota (“‘palace’”) → a palotái (“‘his/her/its palaces’”)

   érme (“‘coin’”) → az érméi (“‘his/her/its coins’”)

4. your ... -s (second-person singular and plural formal possessive suffix denoting plural possession)

   kapu (“‘gate’”) → a maga kapui (“‘your (singular, formal) gates’”)

   kapu (“‘gate’”) → az ön kapui (“‘your (singular, polite) gates’”)

   kapu (“‘gate’”) → a maguk kapui (“‘your (plural, formal) gates’”)

   kapu (“‘gate’”) → az önök kapui (“‘your (plural, polite) gates’”)

[edit] Usage notes

• (possessive suffix): Member of the following suffix cluster.

  -i is added to words ending in a vowel except -i. Final -a changes to -á-. Final -e changes to -é-.

  -ai is added to some back vowel words ending in a consonant

  -ei is added to some front vowel words ending in a consonant

  -jai is added to some back vowel words ending in a consonant or the vowel -i.

  -jei is added to some front vowel words ending in a consonant or the vowel -i.

[edit] See also

• Category:Hungarian words suffixed with -i
• Category:Hungarian noun forms - possessive
• Appendix:Hungarian possessive suffixes
• Appendix:Hungarian suffixes

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[edit] Ido

[edit] Suffix

-i

1. -s (Marks the plural form of nouns, by replacing the -o ending.)

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[edit] Italian

[edit] Suffix

-i

1. Used with a stem to form the second-person singular present of regular are, -ere verbs and those -ire verbs that don't take "isc"
2. Used with a stem to form the second-person imperative of -ere verbs
3. Used with a stem to form the first-, second- and third person singular present subjunctive of -are verbs
4. Used with a stem to form the third-person singular imperative of -are verbs

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[edit] Latin

[edit] Suffix

-ī

1. (nominative and vocative plural masculine ending for second declension nouns)
2. (genitive singular ending for second declension nouns)
3. (vocative singular masculine ending for second declension nouns ending in -ius)
4. (dative singular ending for third declension nouns)
5. (ablative singular ending for third declension i-stem nouns, such as rete, animal and sometimes navis)
6. (perfect active indicative first-person singular ending for verbs)
7. (present passive infinitive ending for third conjugation verbs)

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[edit] Romanian

[edit] Etymology 1

From Latin -ī (“‘second-declension ending’”)

[edit] Suffix

-i

1. (plural) -s (masculine)

[edit] Usage notes

• This form of the plural is indefinite, and used for masculine nouns in the nominative/accusative and genitive/dative cases, regardless of singular form. The suffix may cause phonetic changes or vowel deletion (or both):
• lupi < lup
• taţi < tată
• fii < fiu
• frăţi < frate

[edit] Etymology 2

From Latin illī.

[edit] Suffix

-i m.

1. (definite article) the (masculine plural, nominative and accusative)

[edit] Usage notes

This form of the definite article is used for masculine plural nouns in the nominative and accusative cases (as attached to the indefinite plural, which always ends in a vowel):

• lupii < lupi
• taţii < taţi
• fiii < fii
• frăţii < frăţi

[edit] Related terms

• -lor

[edit] Etymology 3

From Latin -ire. Cognate with Spanish and French -ir, Italian -ire, etc.

[edit] Suffix

-i

1. A suffix forming infinitives of many verbs.

[edit] Usage notes

• Most verbs with infinitives in -i are marked by the once-inchoative infix -esc- in many parts of their conjugation, as well as in various derived words; two such verbs are a vorbi (“‘to say’”) and a iubi (“‘to love’”).
• A sizable group of verbs have infinitives in -i but do not use the infix -esc-, and are otherwise fairly regular; these include, among others, the common verb a dormi (“‘sleep’”), a simţi (“‘feel’”), a auzi (“‘hear’”).
• There is a variant form, -î, derived from the same Latin source.

[edit] See also

• -ea
• -î
• -e
• -a

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[edit] Turkish

[edit] Suffix

-i

1. Third-person singular possessive suffix denoting singular possession.

   ev - evi

   house - his/her/its house

   ofis - ofisi

   office - his/her/its office

2. Accusative suffix.

   gelin - gelini

[edit] Usage notes

• It's used only when the word's last vowel is "e" or "i". It may change into "-ı", "-u" and "-ü" according to the last vowel of the word. (possession suffix)

  kız - kızı (the last vowel is "a" or "ı")

  yol - yolu (the last vowel is "o" or "u")

  yüz - yüzü (the last vowel is "ö" or "ü")

• If the word ends in "p", "ç", "t" or "k", it may change them into "b", "c", "d" and "ğ".

  sebep - sebebi

  çekiç - çekici

  senet - senedi

  çiçek - çiçeği

• If the word ends in a vowel, it's used with an auxiliary consonant; "y" for the accusative case suffix and "s" for the possessive suffix

  kedi - kediyi

  kedi - kedisi

• It must be used with an apostrophe if it's appended to a proper noun.

  Zafer - Zafer'i

  Ali - Ali'yi / Ali'si

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[edit] Uzbek

[edit] Suffix

-i (-и)

1. Third person singular possessive suffix. Used after a noun ending in a consonant. It has the same meaning as uning (“‘its’”) placed before a noun.
   • Bu kitobi.

     "This is its book."