-es

Definition from Wiktionary, a free dictionary

Contents 1 English 1.1 Suffix 1.2 Suffix 2 Dutch 2.1 Etymology 2.2 Suffix 2.2.1 Derived terms 2.3 References 3 Esperanto 3.1 Suffix 3.1.1 Derived terms 4 Hungarian 4.1 Pronunciation 4.2 Suffix 4.2.1 Usage notes 4.3 See also 5 Old English 5.1 Suffix 5.1.1 Descendants 6 Spanish 6.1 Suffix 6.1.1 See also 7 Swedish 7.1 Suffix 7.1.1 See also

[edit] English

[edit] Suffix

-es

1. Used to form the regular plural of nouns
   1. that end in "(t)ch" (only when pronounced as IPA: [tʃ]) - glitch => glitches
   2. that end in "(j)j" - hajj => hajjes
   3. that end in "(s)s" - bus => buses
   4. that end in "x" - box => boxes
   5. that end in "(z)z" - waltz => waltzes
   6. that end in "o" - tomato => tomatoes

[edit] Suffix

-es

1. Used to form the third person singular present of verbs
   1. that end in "(t)ch" (only when pronounced as IPA: [tʃ]) - impeach => impeaches
   2. that end in "(s)s" - miss => misses
   3. that end in "x" - tax => taxes
   4. that end in "(z)z" - fizz => fizzes
   5. that end in "o" - go => goes

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[edit] Dutch

[edit] Etymology

From Middle Dutch -esse borrowed from Northern French -esse < Latin -issa (as in abbatissa).^[1]

[edit] Suffix

-es

1. Creates the female form of persons or occupations (zanger – zangeres), as English -ess

[edit] Derived terms

• barones
• diacones
• zangeres

[edit] References

• Notes:

1. ^ A. van Loey, "Schönfeld's Historische Grammatica van het Nederlands", Zutphen, 8. druk, 1970, ISBN 90-03-21170-1; § 180

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[edit] Esperanto

[edit] Suffix

-es

1. belonging to. (Ending for genitive correlatives.)

[edit] Derived terms

• kies: belonging to whom, whose
• ties: belonging to that one, that one's
• ĉies: belonging to everyone, everyone's
• ies: belonging to someone, someone's
• nenies: belonging to nobody, nobody's
• (nonce) alies: belonging to someone else, someone else's

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[edit] Hungarian

[edit] Pronunciation

• IPA: /ɛʃ/

[edit] Suffix

-es

1. Added to a noun to form an adjective meaning "having something, a quality".

   kert (“‘garden’”) → kertes (“‘something with a garden, having a garden’”)

2. Added to a noun to form an occupation or a collective noun.

   perec (“‘pretzel’”) → pereces (“‘someone who sells pretzels’”)

   meggy (“‘morello, sour cherry’”) → meggyes (“‘cherry orchard’”)

3. Added to an ordinal number to form a digit or figure.

   egy (“‘one’”) → egyes (“‘the digit or figure 1’”)

[edit] Usage notes

Member of the -s/-os/-as/-es/-ös suffix cluster

• -s is added to words ending in a vowel. Final -a and -e lengthens to -á- and -é-, respectively.
• -os is added to some back vowel words ending in a consonant
• -as is added to other back vowel words ending in a consonant
• -es is added to unrounded front vowel words ending in a consonant
• -ös is added to rounded front vowel words ending in a consonant

[edit] See also

• Category:Hungarian words suffixed with -es
• Appendix:Hungarian suffixes

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[edit] Old English

[edit] Suffix

-es

1. Possessive marker, indicating than an object belongs to the noun
2. Used in formation of adverbs, originally from the genitive of masc and neut nouns, but later added also to fem nouns by analogy

   dæges "days" (adv); nihtes "nights" (adv)

[edit] Descendants

• English: 's, -s

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[edit] Spanish

[edit] Suffix

-es

1. Suffix indicating the second-person singular present indicate of -er and -ir verbs.
2. Suffix indicating the second-person singular present subjunctive of -ar verbs

[edit] See also

• -as

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[edit] Swedish

[edit] Suffix

-es

1. Suffix used for marking the passive voice of verbs. This variant is used for the present passive of those verbs of the second and fourth conjugations (weak and strong -er verbs respectively) that have stems ending in s. Other verbs normally take only -s. However, until the middle decades of the 20th century (approximately) it was rule to use -es with all -er verbs, which today is considered archaic. This use may occasionally appear in more modern texts (certain phrases).

1. läses = is read

   låses = is locked

[edit] See also

• -s