caedo

Latin

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *keh₂id-, *kh₂eyd- (“to cut, hew”). Cognates include Old High German heia (“wooden hammer”), Old Armenian խայթ (xaytʿ, “sting”) and Sanskrit खिदति (khídati, “to tear, press”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA: /ˈkaɪ.doː/

Verb

present active caedō, present infinitive caedere, perfect active cecīdī, supine caesum.

1. To cut, to hew, to fell.
2. To strike, to beat.
3. To kill.

Inflection

Third Conjugation

indicative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	caedō	caedis	caedit	caedimus	caeditis	caedunt
	future	caedam	caedēs	caedet	caedēmus	caedētis	caedent
	imperfect	caedēbam	caedēbās	caedēbat	caedēbāmus	caedēbātis	caedēbant
	perfect	cecīdī	cecīdistī	cecīdit	cecīdimus	cecīdistis	cecīdērunt
	future perfect	cecīderō	cecīderis	cecīderit	cecīderimus	cecīderitis	cecīderint
	pluperfect	cecīderam	cecīderās	cecīderat	cecīderāmus	cecīderātis	cecīderant
passive	present	caedor	caederis	caeditur	caedimur	caediminī	caeduntur
	future	caedar	caedēris	caedētur	caedēmur	caedēminī	caedentur
	imperfect	caedēbar	caedēbāris	caedēbātur	caedēbāmur	caedēbāminī	caedēbantur
	perfect	Use caesus m, caesa f, caesum n followed by the present indicative of sum.
	future perfect	Use caesus m, caesa f, caesum n followed by the future indicative of sum.
	pluperfect	Use caesus m, caesa f, caesum n followed by the imperfect indicative of sum.
subjunctive		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	caedam	caedās	caedat	caedāmus	caedātis	caedant
	imperfect	caederem	caederēs	caederet	caederēmus	caederētis	caederent
	perfect	cecīderim	cecīderīs	cecīderit	cecīderīmus	cecīderītis	cecīderint
	pluperfect	cecīdissem	cecīdissēs	cecīdisset	cecīdissēmus	cecīdissētis	cecīdissent
passive	present	caedar	caedāris	caedātur	caedāmur	caedāminī	caedantur
	imperfect	caederer	caederēris	caederētur	caederēmur	caederēminī	caederentur
	perfect	Use caesus m, caesa f, caesum n followed by the present subjunctive of sum.
	pluperfect	Use caesus m, caesa f, caesum n followed by the imperfect subjunctive of sum.
imperatives		active			passive
		present (you)	future (you)	future (he/she)	present (you)	future (you)	future (he/she)
	singular	caede	caeditō	caeditō	caedere	caeditor	caeditor
	plural	caedite	caeditōte	caeduntō	caediminī	—	caeduntor
		present	perfect	future	present	perfect	future
infinitives		caedere	cecīdisse	caesūrus esse	caedī	caesus esse	caesum īrī
participles		caedēns (caedentis)	—	caesūrus-ra, -rum	—	caesus-a, -um	caedendus-nda, -ndum

Derived terms

Derived terms

abscīdō accīdō caedēs caeduus caelum caementum caesa caesim

caesiō caesor caespes caesum caesūra caesus circumcīdō concīdō

dēcīdō discīdō excīdō incīdō intercīdō occīdō

percīdō praecīdō procīdō recīdō succīdō trānscīdō

Related terms

caelāmen caelātor

caelātūra caelō

References

• Michiel de Vaan, Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages, Brill, 2008, pages 79, 80