-est

See also est, ēst, Est, and EST

English

Pronunciation

• (UK, US) enPR: ĭst, IPA: /ɪst/, X-SAMPA: /Ist/
• (Australia) enPR: əst, IPA: /əst/, X-SAMPA: /@st/

Etymology 1

Cognate with Dutch -st.

Suffix

-est

1. Used to form the superlative of adjectives and adverbs.

   longest, biggest, fastest

Usage notes

• See -er for notes on the usage of this suffix to form superlatives.
• Occasionally, the -est suffix will be added to a verb as a substitute for "most X". An example is winningest.

Translations

superlative of adjectives and adverbs

• Armenian: ամենա- (hy) (amena-), -գույն (hy) (-guyn)
• Czech: nej- (cs)
• Danish: -est (da)
• Dutch: -ste (nl)
• Finnish: (for adjectives) -in (fi)
• French: le plus (put before the adjective), eg. biggest = le plus grand
• German: -ste
• Japanese: 一番 (ja) (いちばん, ichiban; placed before the adjective)

• Malay: ter- (ms)
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: -est (nb), (before most long adjectives or adverbs) mest (nb)

  Nynorsk: -ast (nn), (before most long adjectives or adverbs) mest (nn)

• Polish: naj- (pl), najbardziej (pl) (before the adjective or adverb)
• Serbian: naj-
• Spanish: (before the adjective or adverb) el más (es)
• Swedish: -ast (sv) (1), mest (sv) (before the adjective or adverb) (1)
• Welsh: -af (cy)

See also

• -er

Etymology 2

This definition is lacking an etymology or has an incomplete etymology. You can help Wiktionary by giving it a proper etymology.

Suffix

-est

1. (archaic) Used to form the second-person singular present tense of verbs.

   goest, makest

Translations

second-person singular present tense of verbs

• French: -es (for regular -er verbs); -is (for regular -ir verb); -s (for most -re verbs)
• German: -st (de)

• Latin: -as (la), -es (la), -is (la), -s (la)
• Polish: -esz (pl), -isz (pl), -ysz (pl), -asz (pl)

See also

• -eth
• -st
• thou

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Old English

Alternative forms

• -ost, -ust

Etymology

Proto-Germanic *-ust-.

Suffix

-est f

1. suffix forming feminine nouns, originally from verbs

   eornost "earnest"

   þēnest "service"

   ofost "haste"

   orrest "battle, combat"

Declension

    Declension of -est (strong ō-stem)

	Singular	Plural
nominative	-est	-esta, -este
accusative	-este	-esta, -este
genitive	-este	-esta
dative	-este	-estum