-ir

Definition from Wiktionary, a free dictionary

Contents 1 French 1.1 Etymology 1.2 Suffix 1.2.1 Usage notes 1.3 See also 2 Ido 2.1 Suffix 3 Old French 3.1 Etymology 3.2 Suffix 3.2.1 See also 4 Spanish 4.1 Etymology 4.2 Suffix 4.3 See also 4.4 Conjugation

[edit] French

[edit] Etymology

From Latin -īre, the ending of the present active infinitive form of fourth conjugation verbs.}. Cognate with Spanish -ir, Italian -ire, Romanian -i and -î, etc.

[edit] Suffix

-ir

1. A suffix forming infinitives of many verbs.

[edit] Usage notes

• Most verbs with infinitives in -ir are marked by the once-inchoative infix -iss- in many parts of their conjugation, as well as in various derived words; two such verbs are choisir (“‘to choose’”) and pourrir (“‘to rot’”). A fair number of these have English counterparts in -ish; three such are finir (“‘to finish’”), nourrir (“‘to feed, to nourish’”), and polir (“‘to polish’”).
• A sizable group of verbs have infinitives in -ir but do not use the infix -iss-, and are otherwise fairly regular; these include, among others, the common verbs sortir (“‘to go out, to take out’”), partir (“‘to leave’”), dormir (“‘to sleep’”).
• This suffix is spelled -ïr on a few verbs where the previous syllable ends in a vowel, such as haïr (“‘to hate’”) and ouïr (“‘to hear’”). Additionally, it is spelled -ire on the verb maudire (“‘to curse’”), by analogy with the related but irregular verb dire (“‘to say’”).
• Not all verbs whose infinitives happen to end in these letters can truly be said to have this suffix; in particular, a fair number of irregular verbs have infinitives in the unrelated suffix -oir.

[edit] See also

• ‎-er‎
• ‎-ire‎
• ‎-oir‎
• ‎-re‎

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[edit] Ido

[edit] Suffix

-ir

1. Used to denote the past infinitive of a verb.

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[edit] Old French

[edit] Etymology

From Latin -īre, the ending of the present active infinitive form of fourth conjugation verbs.

[edit] Suffix

-ir

1. suffix used to form infinitives of second conjugation verbs

[edit] See also

• Appendix:Old French verbs
• -er

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[edit] Spanish

[edit] Etymology

From Latin -īre, the ending of the present active infinitive form of fourth conjugation verbs.

[edit] Suffix

-ir (first-person singular present -o, first-person singular preterite -í, past participle -ido)

1. A verb ending for infinitives.

[edit] See also

• -ar
• -er

[edit] Conjugation