long

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See also Appendix:Variations of "long"

Contents

English [edit]

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Pronunciation [edit]

Etymology 1 [edit]

From Middle English long, lang, from Old English long, lang (“long, tall, lasting”), from Proto-Germanic *langaz (“long”), from Proto-Indo-European *dl̥h₁gʰós (“long”). Cognate with Scots lang (“long”), North Frisian long, lung (“long”), Saterland Frisian loang (“long”), West Frisian lang (“long”), Dutch lang (“long”), German lang (“long”), Swedish lång (“long”), Icelandic langur (“long”), Latin longus (“long”), Ancient Greek δολιχός (dolikhos), Russian долгий (dólgij), длинный (dlinnyj).

Adjective [edit]

long (comparative longer, superlative longest)

  1. Having much distance from one terminating point on an object or an area to another terminating point (usually applies to horizontal dimensions; see Usage Notes below).
    It's a long way from the Earth to the Moon.
  2. Having great duration.
    The pyramids of Egypt have been around for a long time.
  3. Seemingly lasting a lot of time, because it is boring or tedious or tiring
    • 1877, Anna Sewell, Black Beauty Chapter 23[1]
      What I suffered with that rein for four long months in my lady's carriage, it would be hard to describe, but I am quite sure that, had it lasted much longer, either my health or my temper would have given way
  4. (UK, dialect) Not short; tall.
  5. (finance) possessing or owning stocks, bonds, commodities or other financial instruments with the aim of benefiting of the expected rise in their value.
    I'm long in DuPont.
    I have a long position in DuPont.
  6. (cricket) Of a fielding position, close to the boundary (or closer to the boundary than the equivalent short position).
  7. (tennis, of a ball or a shot) That land beyond the baseline (and therefore is out).
    • No! That forehand is long...
Usage notes [edit]
  • Wide is usually used instead of long when referring to a horizontal dimension (left to right).
  • Tall or high are usually used instead of long when referring to positive vertical dimension (upwards), and deep when referring to negative vertical dimension (downwards).
Synonyms [edit]
Antonyms [edit]
  • (having much distance from one point to another): low (vertically upwards), shallow (vertically upwards or downwards), short
  • (having great duration): brief, short
  • (finance): short
Derived terms [edit]
Terms derived from long (adjective)
Translations [edit]
having much distance from one point to another
having great duration
not short — see tall
finance: possessing or owning financial instruments
cricket: close to the boundary
tennis: bounces behind the baseline
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables, removing any numbers. Numbers do not necessarily match those in definitions. See instructions at Help:How to check translations.
Translations to be checked

Adverb [edit]

long (comparative longer, superlative longest)

  1. Over a great distance in space.
    He threw the ball long.
  2. For a particular duration.
    How long is it until the next bus arrives?
  3. For a long duration.
    Will this interview take long?
    • 1594 — William Shakespeare, Hamlet i 3
      I stay too long: but here my father comes.
    • 1991, James Melvin Washington editor, A testament of hope: the essential writings and speeches of Martin Luther King, page 636:
      I answer by saying that I have worked too long and hard now against segregated public accommodations to end up segregating my moral concern
Synonyms [edit]
  • (over a great distance): a long way, far
  • (for a long duration): a long time
Antonyms [edit]
Translations [edit]
over a great distance
particular duration
long duration
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables, removing any numbers. Numbers do not necessarily match those in definitions. See instructions at Help:How to check translations.
Translations to be checked
See also [edit]

Noun [edit]

long (plural longs)

  1. (linguistics) A long vowel.
  2. (programming) A long integer variable, twice the size of an int or a short and half of a long long.
    A long is typically 64 bits in a 32-bit environment.
  3. (finance) An entity with a long position in an asset.
    Every uptick made the longs cheer.

Verb [edit]

long (third-person singular simple present longs, present participle longing, simple past and past participle longed)

  1. (transitive, finance) To take a long position in.
    • 2004, Thomas S. Y. Ho; Sang Bin Lee, Sang-bin Yi, The Oxford Guide to Financial Modeling, page 84:
      The left panel shows the profile of a portfolio consisting of longing a call and shorting a put.
See also [edit]

Etymology 2 [edit]

From Middle English longen, from Old English langian (“to long for, yearn after, grieve for, be pained, lengthen, grow longer, summon, belong”), from Proto-Germanic *langōnan (“to desire, long for”), from Proto-Indo-European *dl̥h₁gʰós (“long”). Cognate with German langen (“to reach, be sufficient”), Swedish langa (“to push, pass by hand”), Icelandic langa (“to want, desire”), Dutch and German verlangen (“to desire, want, long for”).

Verb [edit]

long (third-person singular simple present longs, present participle longing, simple past and past participle longed)

  1. (intransitive) To await, to aspire, to desire greatly (something to occur or to be true)
    She longed for him to come back.
    • 1922, Margery Williams, The Velveteen Rabbit
      The Rabbit sighed. He thought it would be a long time before this magic called Real happened to him. He longed to become Real, to know what it felt like; and yet the idea of growing shabby and losing his eyes and whiskers was rather sad.
Usage notes [edit]
Synonyms [edit]
Derived terms [edit]
Translations [edit]
to wait, to aspire

Etymology 3 [edit]

Aphetic form of Old English gelang; the verb later reinterpreted as an aphetic form of belong.

Adjective [edit]

long (not comparable)

  1. (archaic) On account of, because of.
    • 1603, John Florio, translating Michel de Montaigne, Essays, II.8:
      I am of opinion that in regard of these debauches and lewd actions, fathers may, in some sort, be blamed, and that it is only long of them.

Verb [edit]

long (third-person singular simple present longs, present participle longing, simple past and past participle longed)

  1. (archaic) To be appropriate to, to pertain or belong to.
    • 1590, Edmund Spenser, The Faerie Queene, III.3:
      A goodly Armour, and full rich aray, / Which long'd to Angela, the Saxon Queene, / All fretted round with gold, and goodly wel beseene.
    • c. 1591, William Shakespeare, The Taming of the Shrew, IV.4:
      Tis well, and hold your owne in any case / With such austeritie as longeth to a father.

Statistics [edit]

Dutch [edit]

Pronunciation [edit]

Noun [edit]

long c (plural longen, diminutive longetje)

  1. (anatomy) lung

See also [edit]

French [edit]

Etymology [edit]

From Latin longus, from Proto-Indo-European *dl̥h₁gʰós (“long”).

Pronunciation [edit]

Adjective [edit]

long m (feminine longue, masculine plural longs, feminine plural longues)

  1. long

Synonyms [edit]

Antonyms [edit]

Derived terms [edit]

Irish [edit]

Etymology [edit]

From Old Irish long.

Noun [edit]

long f

  1. ship

Declension [edit]

Declension of long

Second declension

Bare forms

Case Singular Plural
Nominative long longa
Vocative a long a longa
Genitive loinge long
Dative long longa

Forms with the definite article

Case Singular Plural
Nominative an long na longa
Genitive na loinge na long
Dative leis an long

don long

 leis na longa

Jèrriais [edit]

Etymology [edit]

From Old French long, a back-formation from longe, longue, the feminine form of Early Old French lonc, from Latin longus.

Adjective [edit]

long m (feminine longue, masculine plural longs, feminine plural longues)

  1. long

Mandarin [edit]

Romanization [edit]

long

  1. Nonstandard spelling of lōng.
  2. Nonstandard spelling of lóng.
  3. Nonstandard spelling of lǒng.
  4. Nonstandard spelling of lòng.

Usage notes [edit]

English transcriptions of Chinese speech often fail to distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Chinese language, using words such as this one without the appropriate indication of tone.

Old French [edit]

Etymology [edit]

Backformation from longe, longue, the feminine form of lonc

Adjective [edit]

long m

  1. long (length, duration)

Declension [edit]

  Declension of long  
Number Case Masculine Feminine Neuter
Singular Subject longs longe or longue long
Oblique long longe or longue long
Plural Subject long longes or longues long
Oblique longs longes or longues long

Old Irish [edit]

Etymology [edit]

Generally assumed to be a Latin loan, from (navis} longa, but Joseph Loth believed it to be from Proto-Celtic, cognate to Welsh llong.

Pronunciation [edit]

  • IPA: /loŋɡ/

Noun [edit]

long f

  1. boat
  2. ship

Synonyms [edit]

Descendants [edit]

Pijin [edit]

Preposition [edit]

long

  1. to; toward; into
  2. in; at; near
    • 1988, Geoffrey Miles White, Bikfala faet: olketa Solomon Aelanda rimembarem Wol Wo Tu[2], page 75:
      Bihaen hemi finisim skul blong hem, hemi go minista long sios long ples blong hem long 'Areo.


This entry has fewer than three known examples of actual usage, the minimum considered necessary for clear attestation, and may not be reliable. This language is subject to a special exemption for languages with limited documentation. If you speak it, please consider editing this entry or adding citations. See also Help and the Community Portal.

Scottish Gaelic [edit]

Etymology [edit]

From Old Irish long.

Noun [edit]

long f (genitive luinge, plural longan)

  1. ship

Derived terms [edit]

Tok Pisin [edit]

FWOTD - 12 March 2013

Etymology [edit]

From English along.

Pronunciation [edit]

  • IPA: /loŋ/, [lɔŋ], [lɔ(ː)]

Preposition [edit]

long

  1. Used to mark spatial direct objects that something is oriented in the manner of, where English would use to, toward, into, or onto
    • 1989, Buk Baibel long Tok Pisin, Bible Society of Papua New Guinea, Genesis 1:15 (translation here):
      Ol dispela lait i mas kamap long skai bilong givim lait long graun.”
      • These lights must rise in the sky to cast light toward the ground.
  2. Used to mark spatial direct objects that something is oriented in the location of, where English would use in, at, on, or near
    • 1989, Buk Baibel long Tok Pisin, Bible Society of Papua New Guinea, Genesis 1:15 (translation here):
      Ol dispela lait i mas kamap long skai bilong givim lait long graun.”
      • These lights must rise in the sky to cast light toward the ground.
  3. Used to mark indirect objects, or direct objects of intransitive verbs, where English would use to
    • 1989, Buk Baibel long Tok Pisin, Bible Society of Papua New Guinea, Genesis 1:22 (translation here):
      Na God i mekim gutpela tok bilong givim strong long ol. Em i tokim ol olsem, “Yupela ol kain kain samting bilong solwara, yupela i mas kamap planti na pulapim olgeta hap bilong solwara. Na yupela ol pisin, yupela i mas kamap planti long graun.”
      • And God made a good speech to give strength to them. He said to them: "You varied things of the ocean, you must multiply and fill every part of the sea. And you birds, you must multiply on earth.
  4. Used to mark spatial direct objects that something is oriented in the manner opposite of, extracted from, or away from, where English would use from or out of
    • 1989, Buk Baibel long Tok Pisin, Bible Society of Papua New Guinea, Genesis 2:22 (translation here):
      Orait God i wokim wanpela meri long dispela bun em i bin kisim long man, na bihain em i bringim meri i go long man.
      • Then God made a woman out of that bone he had taken from the man, and later he brought the woman to go to the man.
  5. Used to mark temporal direct objects in which a condition lasts for a certain duration of time, where English would use for
    • 1989, Buk Baibel long Tok Pisin, Bible Society of Papua New Guinea, Genesis 3:14 (translation here):
      Na God, Bikpela i tokim snek olsem, “Yu bin mekim dispela pasin nogut, olsem na nau mi gat strongpela tok bilong daunim yu. Bai yu gat bikpela hevi. Hevi yu karim bai i winim hevi bilong olgeta arapela animal. Nau na long olgeta taim bihain bai yu wokabaut long bel bilong yu tasol. Na bai yu kaikai das bilong graun.
      • And the Lord God said to the snake: "You did a bad deed, and so I have a powerful curse for you. You will have a great weight. The wight you carry will exceed that of any all animals. Now, and for all times, you will only walk on your stomach. And you will eat the dirt of the earth.
  6. Used to mark a verb whose subject is the direct object of another verb, where English would use to or from
    • 1989, Buk Baibel long Tok Pisin, Bible Society of Papua New Guinea, Genesis 3:17 (translation here):
      Na God i tokim Adam olsem, “Yu bin harim tok bilong meri bilong yu, na yu bin kaikai pikinini bilong dispela diwai mi bin tambuim yu long kaikai. Olsem na nau bai mi bagarapim graun, na ol kaikai bai i no inap kamap gut long en. Oltaim bai yu wok hat tru bilong mekim kaikai i kamap long graun.
      • And God said to Adam: "You listened to what your woman said, and you ate a fruit of this tree which I have forbidden you from eating. And so I will now corrupt the earth, and food will not grow well enough. You will work very hard forever to make food grow in the ground.

Derived terms [edit]


This entry has fewer than three known examples of actual usage, the minimum considered necessary for clear attestation, and may not be reliable. Tok Pisin is subject to a special exemption for languages with limited documentation. If you speak it, please consider editing this entry or adding citations. See also Help and the Community Portal.

Veps [edit]

Noun [edit]

long

  1. lunch

Vietnamese [edit]

Etymology 1 [edit]

Adjective [edit]

long

  1. loose
    • răng long — loose tooth

Etymology 2 [edit]

Sino-Vietnamese, from 龍 ("dragon")

Noun [edit]

long

  1. dragon
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