with
Definition from Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also wiþ
Contents |
[edit] English
[edit] Alternative forms
- wyth (obsolete)
[edit] Etymology
From Middle English with, from Old English wiþ (“against, opposite, toward”), a shortened form of wiþer, from Proto-Germanic *wiþr- (“against”), from Proto-Indo-European *wi-tero- (“more apart”); from Proto-Indo-European *wi (“separation”). Cognate with German wider (“against”) and wieder (“again”), Dutch weer (“again”), Danish ved (“by, near, with”), Swedish vid (“by, next to, with”). In Middle English, the word shifted to denote association rather than opposition, displacing Middle English mid (“with”), from Old English mid (“with”). Cognate to Old-Frisian mith (“with”), Modern Frisian mei (“with”), Dutch met (“with”) and German mit (“with”).
[edit] Pronunciation
- preconsonantal
- (Australia, US) IPA: /wɪð/, /wɪθ/, SAMPA: /wID/, /wIT/
- Rhymes: -ɪθ, -ɪð,
- (UK) IPA: /wɪð/, SAMPA: /wID/
- Rhymes: -ɪð
- prevocalic
[edit] Preposition
with
- against
- He picked a fight with the class bully.
- 1621, John Smith, The Proceedings of the English Colony in Virginia [1]
- Many hatchets, knives, & pieces of iron, & brass, we see, which they reported to have from the Sasquesahanocks a mighty people, and mortal enemies with the Massawomecks
- in the company of; alongside, along side of; close to; near to:
- He went with his friends.
- in addition to; as an accessory to:
- She owns a motorcycle with a sidecar.
- Used to indicate simultaneous happening, or immediate succession or consequence.
- 1590, Sir Philip Sidney, The Countess of Pembroke's Arcadia,
- With that she told me that though she spake of her father, whom she named Chremes, she would hide no truth from me: ...
- 1697, Virgil, John Dryden (translator), Aeneid, in The Works of Virgil,
- With this he pointed to his face, and show'd
- His hand and all his habit smear'd with blood.
- 1861, Alexander Pope, The Rev. George Gilfillan (editor) The Fourth Pastoral, or Daphne, in The Poetical Works of Alexander Pope,
- See where, on earth, the flowery glories lie,
- With her they flourish'd, and with her they die.
- 1994, Stephen Fry, The Hippopotamus Chapter 2
- With a bolt of fright he remembered that there was no bathroom in the Hobhouse Room. He leapt along the corridor in a panic, stopping by the long-case clock at the end where he flattened himself against the wall.
- 1590, Sir Philip Sidney, The Countess of Pembroke's Arcadia,
- in support of:
- We are with you all the way.
- (obsolete) To denote the accomplishment of cause, means, instrument, etc; – sometimes equivalent to by.
- slain with robbers
- 1300s?, Political, Religious and Love Poems, “An A B C Poem on the Passion of Christ”, ed. Frederick James Furnivall, 1866
- Al þus with iewys I am dyth, I seme a wyrm to manus syth.
- c1388, Geoffrey Chaucer, The Legend of Good Women, Balade, 266
- Ysiphile, betrayed with Jasoun, / Maketh of your trouthe neyther boost ne soun;
- 1610, William Shakespeare, The Winter’s Tale, Act V, V-ii
- He was torn to / pieces with a bear:
- 1669, Nathaniel Morton, New England’s Memorial
- He was sick and lame of the scurvy, so as he could but lie in the cabin-door, and give direction, and, it should seem, was badly assisted either with mate or mariners
- as an instrument; by means of
- cut with a knife
- 1430?, “The Love of Jesus” in Hymns to the Virgin and Christ, ed. Frederick James Furnivall, 1867, p.26
- Þirle my soule with þi spere anoon,
- 1619, Francis Beaumont and John Fletcher, A King and no King, Act IV
- you have paid me equal, Heavens, / And sent my own rod to correct me with
- 1620, William Bradford. Of Plymouth Plantation [2]
- They had cut of his head upon the cudy of his boat had not the man reskued him with a sword,
- 1677, William Wycherley, The plain-dealer, Prologue
- And keep each other company in spite, / As rivals in your common mistress, fame, / And with faint praises one another damn;
- (obsolete) as nourishment, more recently replaced by on
- 1604, William Shakespeare, Measure for Measure, Act IV, IV-iii
- I am fain to dine and sup with water and bran
- 1604, William Shakespeare, Measure for Measure, Act IV, IV-iii
[edit] Quotations
- For examples of the usage of this term see the citations page.
[edit] Usage notes
In Midwestern American dialects, “with” can end a sentence, as in “Do you want to come with?” but not in other dialects; in these dialects, “with” can also be used in this way with some other verbs, such as “take with”.
Examples exist in plays by Chicagoan David Mamet, such as American Buffalo.[1]
[edit] Derived terms
[edit] Synonyms
[edit] Antonyms
[edit] See also
[edit] Translations
against
|
in the company of
|
|
in addition to
|
|
in support of
|
expressing manner
|
by means of
|
|
- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables, removing any numbers. Numbers do not necessarily match those in definitions. See instructions at Help:How to check translations.
Translations to be checked
