白土

Chinese

		white; empty; blank white; empty; blank; bright; clear; plain; pure; gratuitous	earth; dust; rural earth; dust; rural; uncouth; uncultured; plebeian
simp. and trad. (白土)		白	土
anagram		土白

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): báitǔ

  (Zhuyin): ㄅㄞˊ ㄊㄨˇ

• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): pe̍h-thô͘

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: báitǔ
    • Zhuyin: ㄅㄞˊ ㄊㄨˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: báitǔ
    • Wade–Giles: pai²-tʻu³
    • Yale: bái-tǔ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bairtuu
    • Palladius: байту (bajtu)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /paɪ̯³⁵ tʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pe̍h-thô͘
    • Tâi-lô: pe̍h-thôo
    • Phofsit Daibuun: peqtoo
    • IPA (Xiamen): /pe(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ tʰɔ²⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /pe(ʔ)²⁴⁻² tʰɔ²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /pe(ʔ)¹²¹⁻²¹ tʰɔ¹³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /pe(ʔ)⁴⁻¹¹ tʰɔ²⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /pe(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ tʰɔ²³/

Noun

白土

1. (literary) chalk (the stone)

   • 令人各以白土，書「甲子」二字於家中大門上。 [MSC, trad.]
     令人各以白土，书「甲子」二字于家中大门上。 [MSC, simp.]

     From: c. 1330 - 1400: Luo Guanzhong, Romance of the Three Kingdoms/Chapter 1

     Lìng rén gè yǐ báitǔ, shū “jiǎzǐ” èr zì yú jiā zhōng dàmén shàng. [Pinyin]

     He ordered (his followers) to use chalk to write "a new beginning" on the outer doors of their homes.

2. (archaic) white potter's clay; kaolin; china clay
3. (archaic) opium
4. (archaic) Alternative name for 冀州 (Jìzhōu, “Ji Province (one of the Nine Provinces of ancient China)”).

Synonyms

• (chalk):

• 白善 (báishàn) (literary)
• 白善塗／白善涂 (Zhangzhou Hokkien)
• 白土子 (báitǔzi) (regional)
• 白土粉 (báitǔfěn) (regional)
• 白堊／白垩 (bái'è)
• 白埴土 (báizhítǔ) (literary)
• 白墠／白𫮃 (báishàn) (literary)
• 白墡 (báishàn) (literary)

 

• (white potter's clay):

• 瓷土 (cítǔ)
• 陶土 (táotǔ)
• 高嶺土／高岭土 (gāolǐngtǔ)

 

• (opium): 鴉片／鸦片 (yāpiàn), 阿片 (āpiàn); (archaic) 白土 (báitǔ); (dated) 阿芙蓉 (āfúróng); (Jin) 洋煙／洋烟; (Hokkien) 烏薰／乌薰

Japanese

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
白	土
はく Grade: 1	ど Grade: 1
kan’on	kan’yōon

Possibly from Middle Chinese 白土 (MC baek thuX|duX).

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) は​くど [háꜜkùdò] (Atamadaka – [1])
• IPA^(key): [ha̠kɯ̟ᵝdo̞]

Noun

白(はく)土(ど) • (hakudo) 

1. white soil or earth
2. a weathered white rock, such as rhyolite, used for paints, cement mixtures, etc.
3. Short for 酸性白土 (sansei hakudo): This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Derived terms

• 活性(かっせい)白(はく)土(ど) (kassei hakudo)
• 酸性(さんせい)白(はく)土(ど) (sansei hakudo)
• パイプ白(はく)土(ど) (paipu hakudo)

Proper noun

白(はく)土(ど) • (Hakudo) 

1. a surname

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
白	土
しら Grade: 1	つち Grade: 1
kun’yomi

From Old Japanese, first attested in the Hizen-no-kuni Fudoki (c. 739 CE).

Compound of 白 (shira, “white”) +‎ 土 (tsuchi, “earth, soil”).

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) しらつち [shìrátsúchí] (Heiban – [0])
• IPA^(key): [ɕiɾa̠t͡sɨᵝt͡ɕi]

Noun

白(しら)土(つち) • (shiratsuchi) 

1. white soil or earth, such as chalk
2. kaolin or other clay used for pottery or ceramics
3. white lacquer

Synonyms

• (white soil, white lacquer): 白(はく)亜(あ), 白(はく)堊(あ) (hakua)
• (pottery clay): 陶土(とうど) (tōdo)

Proper noun

白(しら)土(つち) • (Shiratsuchi) 

1. a surname

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
白	土
しろ Grade: 1	つち Grade: 1
kun’yomi

Compound of 白 (shiro, “white”) +‎ 土 (tsuchi, “earth, soil”).

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) しろつち [shìrótsúchí] (Heiban – [0])
• IPA^(key): [ɕiɾo̞t͡sɨᵝt͡ɕi]

Noun

白(しろ)土(つち) • (shirotsuchi) 

1. Same as しらつち (shiratsuchi) above

Proper noun

白(しろ)土(つち) • (Shirotsuchi) 

1. a surname

Etymology 4

Kanji in this term
白	土
しら Grade: 1	に Grade: 1
kun’yomi

From Old Japanese.

Compound of 白 (shira, “white”) +‎ 土 (ni, “earth”).

Also used in the Man'yōshū (759 CE) as 借訓 (shakkun) kana for ⟨sirani⟩, as in the phrase 知らに (shirani, “did not know”).

Alternative forms

• 白粉

Noun

白(しら)土(に) • (shirani) 

1. white soil used as a pigment