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Translingual[edit]

Stroke order
上-order.gif
Stroke order
上-bw.png

Phonosemantic interpretation[edit]

Old Chinese Initial /*t-/ lends semantic value Straight. Final consonant /*-ng/ lends semantic value Extension. Ideogram showing one line above another, suggesting the idea of rising above. Source: Howell & Morimoto

Etymology[edit]

上 in its shell and bone form is an ideogram (指事) that shows the concept of up by showing one line above another (contrast ). The shell and bone form evolved into 上, the character used today.

上 上 上 上
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Large seal script Small seal script

Han character[edit]

(radical 1 +2, 3 strokes, cangjie input 卜一 (YM), four-corner 21100, composition)

  1. (prep) above, over
  2. (adj) last, former, prior
  3. (adj) above, higher
  4. (v) go up, send up

References[edit]

  • KangXi: page 76, character 7
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 13
  • Dae Jaweon: page 145, character 1
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 5, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+4E0A

Cantonese[edit]

Hanzi[edit]

(Yale seung5, seung6)


Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

(grade 1 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings[edit]

Compounds[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

upe > uɸe > uwe > ue.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

(hiragana うえ, romaji ue, historical hiragana うへ)

  1. the above
  2. the top (position, or direction)

Compounds[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

upa > uɸa > uwa.

Noun[edit]

(hiragana うわ, romaji uwa, historical hiragana うは)

  1. upper, over

Compounds[edit]

Etymology 3[edit]

/kami1/ *[kami] > /kami/ [kami].

Noun[edit]

(hiragana かみ, romaji kami)

  1. the start
  2. a high place; the top
  3. one with a high rank

Etymology 4[edit]

/zyau/ > /zyoː/ [dʑoː]

Noun[edit]

(hiragana じょう, romaji , historical hiragana じやう)

  1. first volume in a two- or three-volume set

Compounds[edit]

Suffix[edit]

(hiragana じょう, romaji -jō)

  1. from the standpoint of
  2. aboard (a plane or ship)
  3. above, in, on
Compounds[edit]

Korean[edit]

Hanja[edit]


Eumhun:

  • Sound (hangeul):  (revised: sang, McCune-Reischauer: sang)
  • Name (hangeul):  (revised: wit, McCune-Reischauer: wit)

References[edit]


Mandarin[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Hanzi[edit]

(pinyin shàng (shang4), shǎng (shang3), Wade-Giles shang4)

  1. 莫非你吃了我吩咐你不可吃的那树上的果子吗?
    Mòfēi nǐ chī le wǒ fēnfu nǐ bùkĕ chī de nà shù shàng de guǒzi ma?
    Have you eaten from the tree, from which I commanded you that you should not eat?

Antonyms[edit]

Compounds[edit]


Middle Chinese[edit]

Han character[edit]

(*zhiɑ̀ng zhiɑ̀ng zhiɑ̌ng)


Min Nan[edit]

Hanzi[edit]

(POJ siōng (siong7), siāng (siang7), chiūⁿ (chiuⁿ7), chhiūⁿ (chhiuⁿ7))


Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

(thượng)