上一段活用

Japanese

Kanji in this term
上	一	段	活	用

Etymology

A compound of 上一段 (kami ichidan, “upper single grade”) and 活用 (katsuyō, “conjugation”). Upper bigrade verbs regularly become upper monograde. The "upper" notation refers to the -i stem which comes before the "lower" -e in Japanese order.

Noun

上一段活用 (hiragana かみいちだんかつよう, romaji kami ichidan katsuyō)

1. (grammar) upper monograde conjugation; a verbal conjugation class in which the verb stem ends in -i and the various inflections are -/-/ru/ru/re/[yo, ro]. Examples:

	Irrealis	Adverbial	Conclusive	Attributive	Realis	Imperative
mi- "to see"	mi-	mi-	mi-ru	mi-ru	mi-re	mi-[yo] mi-[ro]
ki- "to wear"	ki-	ki-	ki-ru	ki-ru	ki-re	ki-[yo] ki-[ro]
ni- "to resemble"	ni-	ni-	ni-ru	ni-ru	ni-re	ni-[yo] ni-[ro]

See also

• 上二段活用 (kami nidan katsuyō)

Related terms

• 五段活用 (godan katsuyō)
• カ行変格活用 (kagyō henkaku katsuyō)
• 上二段活用 (kami nidan katsuyō)
• ナ行変格活用 (nagyō henkaku katsuyō)
• ラ行変格活用 (ragyō henkaku katsuyō)
• サ行変格活用 (sagyō henkaku katsuyō)
• 下一段活用 (shimo ichidan katsuyō)
• 下二段活用 (shimo nidan katsuyō)
• 四段活用 (yodan katsuyō)