乖
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See also: ⿻千⿱卄一
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Translingual
[edit]| Japanese | ⿻千⿱卄一 |
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| Simplified | 乖 |
| Traditional | 乖 |
| Stroke order | |||
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| Stroke order | |||
Japan
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Han character
[edit]乖 (Kangxi radical 4, 丿+7, 8 strokes, cangjie input 竹十中心 (HJLP), four-corner 20111, composition ⿻千北)
Derived characters
[edit]References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 83, character 3
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 149
- Dae Jaweon: page 166, character 26
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 38, character 18
- Unihan data for U+4E56
Chinese
[edit]| trad. | 乖 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. # | 乖 | |
| alternative forms | 𠁰 𦮃 𠂯 | |
Glyph origin
[edit]| Historical forms of the character 乖 | |
|---|---|
| Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
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 s02657 Transcribed ancient scripts  L30930  L30931  L30932  L03756  L03757  L03758  L03759  L03760  L03761  L03762  L03763 | |
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References:
Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
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According to Xu Shen, 𦫳 together with 𠔁.
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): guai1
- Cantonese (Jyutping): gwaai1
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): kôai
- Eastern Min (BUC): guăi
- Southern Min
- Wu (Wugniu)
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄞ
- Tongyong Pinyin: guai
- Wade–Giles: kuai1
- Yale: gwāi
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: guai
- Palladius: гуай (guaj)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ku̯aɪ̯⁵⁵/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: guai1
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: guai
- Sinological IPA (key): /kuai⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: gwaai1
- Yale: gwāai
- Cantonese Pinyin: gwaai1
- Guangdong Romanization: guai1
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʷaːi̯⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kôai
- Hakka Romanization System: guaiˊ
- Hagfa Pinyim: guai1
- Sinological IPA: /ku̯ai̯²⁴/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: guăi
- Sinological IPA (key): /kuai⁵⁵/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai, Songjiang, Chongming, Suzhou, Changzhou, Jiaxing, Tongxiang, Haiyan, Shaoxing)
- Wugniu: 1kua
- MiniDict: kua平
- Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): 1kua
- Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /kua⁵³/
- Sinological IPA (Songjiang): /kuɑ⁵³/
- Sinological IPA (Chongming): /kuɑ⁵⁵/
- Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /kuɑ⁴⁴/
- Sinological IPA (Changzhou): /kua⁵⁵/
- Sinological IPA (Jiaxing): /kua⁵³/
- Sinological IPA (Tongxiang): /kua⁴⁴/
- Sinological IPA (Haiyan): /kua⁵¹/
- Sinological IPA (Shaoxing): /kua⁵²/
- (Northern: Songjiang, Chongming, Ningbo)
- (Northern: Hangzhou)
- (Jinhua)
- (Northern: Shanghai, Songjiang, Chongming, Suzhou, Changzhou, Jiaxing, Tongxiang, Haiyan, Shaoxing)
Note: 1kuae - Literary reading.
- Middle Chinese: kweaj
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*kʷˤrəj/
- (Zhengzhang): /*kʷrɯːl/
Definitions
[edit]乖
- clever; alert
- (usually of a child or animal) well-behaved; docile; obedient; nice; untroublesome
- (literary, or in compounds) to violate; to rebel
- (literary, or in compounds) to separate; to split
- (literary, or in compounds) to break off; to cut off
- (literary, or in compounds) difference; mistake
- (literary, or in compounds) unnatural; strange
- 乖戾 ― guāilì ― perverse (of behaviour); disagreeable (of character)
- (Sichuanese, Xiang) beautiful
Usage notes
[edit]- Unlike English obedient, 乖 is a positive compliment when used to describe a child. On the contrary, it is similarly disparaging when used for adults.
Synonyms
[edit]- (clever):
- 乖巧 (guāiqiǎo)
- 了了 (liǎoliǎo) (literary)
- 伶俐 (línglì)
- 儇 (Wu, of a child)
- 奢遮 (Wu, of a child)
- 宿鬼 (Hokkien)
- 性靈／性灵 (xìnglíng) (literary)
- 敏慧 (mǐnhuì)
- 明慧 (mínghuì)
- 明智 (míngzhì)
- 機敏／机敏 (jīmǐn)
- 機智／机智 (jīzhì)
- 機穎／机颖 (literary)
- 機警／机警 (jījǐng)
- 機靈／机灵
- 活絡／活络 (Wu)
- 睿智 (ruìzhì)
- 穎異／颖异 (yǐngyì) (formal)
- 精濟／精济 (Hokkien, of a child)
- 精靈／精灵 (jīnglíng)
- 精齊／精齐 (Hokkien, of a child)
- 聰慧／聪慧 (cōnghuì)
- 聰敏／聪敏 (cōngmǐn)
- 聰明／聪明 (cōngmíng)
- 聰穎／聪颖 (cōngyǐng) (formal)
- 英明 (yīngmíng)
- 調皮／调皮 (tiáopí)
- 靈／灵 (líng)
- 靈光／灵光 (6lin-kuaon) (Wu)
- 鬼 (guǐ) (informal)
- (well-behaved):
- (to violate):
- (beautiful):
Antonyms
[edit]- (antonym(s) of “clever”):
- (antonym(s) of “well-behaved”): (Cantonese) 曳 (jai5)
See also
[edit]Compounds
[edit]- 不乖
- 乖乖
- 乖乖兒的／乖乖儿的
- 乖乖嘴
- 乖乖的
- 乖人
- 乖僻 (guāipì)
- 乖分
- 乖別／乖别
- 乖劣
- 乖嘴
- 乖子
- 乖巧 (guāiqiǎo)
- 乖張／乖张 (guāizhāng)
- 乖忤
- 乖性兒／乖性儿
- 乖慵
- 乖戾 (guāilì)
- 乖滑
- 乖爭／乖争
- 乖異／乖异
- 乖眼
- 乖舛 (guāichuǎn)
- 乖衰
- 乖覺／乖觉 (guāijué)
- 乖覺可喜／乖觉可喜 (guāijuékěxǐ)
- 乖角
- 乖訛／乖讹
- 乖誤／乖误
- 乖調／乖调
- 乖謬／乖谬 (guāimiù)
- 乖蹇
- 乖迕
- 乖違／乖违
- 乖間／乖间
- 乖阻
- 乖隔
- 乖離／乖离 (guāilí)
- 乖離率／乖离率
- 伶俐乖覺／伶俐乖觉
- 伶俐嘴乖
- 使乖
- 出乖弄醜／出乖弄丑 (chūguāinòngchǒu)
- 出乖露醜／出乖露丑
- 口乖心歪
- 命乖運拙／命乖运拙
- 命蹇時乖／命蹇时乖
- 嘴乖
- 學乖／学乖
- 小乖乖
- 弄乖
- 打乖
- 抓乖
- 抓乖賣俏／抓乖卖俏
- 措置乖方
- 放乖
- 放乖潑／放乖泼
- 放狂乖
- 時乖／时乖 (shíguāi)
- 時乖命蹇／时乖命蹇
- 時乖運乖／时乖运乖
- 時乖運拙／时乖运拙
- 時乖運蹇／时乖运蹇
- 狂乖
- 聰明乖覺／聪明乖觉
- 討乖／讨乖
- 討好賣乖／讨好卖乖
- 賣乖／卖乖 (màiguāi)
- 運乖時蹇／运乖时蹇
- 運拙時乖／运拙时乖
- 運蹇時乖／运蹇时乖
- 避乖
- 首尾乖互
References
[edit]- “乖”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
Japanese
[edit]| ⿻千⿱卄一 | |
| 乖 |
Kanji
[edit]乖
(Hyōgai kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form ⿻千⿱卄一)
Readings
[edit]Compounds
[edit]Korean
[edit]Hanja
[edit]乖 (eumhun 어그러질 괴 (eogeureojil goe))
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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References
[edit]Vietnamese
[edit]Han character
[edit]乖: Hán Nôm readings: quai, quay
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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References
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