From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
Jump to navigation Jump to search
U+9B3C, 鬼
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9B3C

[U+9B3B]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+9B3D]
U+2FC1, ⿁
KANGXI RADICAL GHOST

[U+2FC0]
Kangxi Radicals
[U+2FC2]
U+2EE4, ⻤
CJK RADICAL GHOST

[U+2EE3]
CJK Radicals Supplement
[U+2EE5]

Translingual[edit]

Stroke order
Mainland China
Stroke order
Stroke order
(cursive)

Han character[edit]

(Kangxi radical 194, +0, 10 strokes in traditional Chinese, Japanese and Korean, 9 strokes in mainland China, cangjie input 竹山戈 (HUI) or 竹戈 (HI) or 竹田竹戈 (HWHI), four-corner 26213 or 26513, composition (HTJKV) or ⿸⿻丿(G))

  1. Kangxi radical #194, .

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1460, character 30
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 45758
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1993, character 19
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4427, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+9B3C

Chinese[edit]

trad.
simp. #
2nd round simp. ⿸⿻丿日乚
Wikipedia has articles on:

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character
Shang Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts

Pictogram (象形) – a man or figure with an ugly face and tail.

Compare (“different, strange”), where the also derives from a face.

It may not be clear from the character, but the lower right “dot” is a small ; it is a residual tail – compare .

Etymology[edit]

Unknown. May be related to:

See also (OC *krolʔ, “to deceive; peculiar”).

Pronunciation[edit]


Note:
  • 2jy - colloquial;
  • 2kue - literary.
  • Xiang

  • Rime
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial () (28)
    Final () (21)
    Tone (調) Rising (X)
    Openness (開合) Closed
    Division () III
    Fanqie
    Baxter kjw+jX
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang
    /kʉiX/
    Pan
    Wuyun
    /kʷɨiX/
    Shao
    Rongfen
    /kiuəiX/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank
    /kujX/
    Li
    Rong
    /kiuəiX/
    Wang
    Li
    /kĭwəiX/
    Bernard
    Karlgren
    /kwe̯iX/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex
    guǐ
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex
    gwai2
    BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)
    guǐ
    Middle
    Chinese
    ‹ kjwɨjX ›
    Old
    Chinese
    /*k-ʔujʔ/
    English ghost

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 4689
    Phonetic
    component
    Rime
    group
    Rime
    subdivision
    2
    Corresponding
    MC rime
    Old
    Chinese
    /*kulʔ/

    Definitions[edit]

    1. ghost; apparition; spirit (Classifier: )
      房子常常房子常常  ―  Zhè fángzi chángcháng nàoguǐ.  ―  This house is haunted.
    2. devil; demon
      知道  ―  Guǐ cái zhīdào ne!  ―  How should I know?! (literal: The devil only knows! Similar to: "god knows")
    3. (Can we verify(+) this sense?)goblin
    4. stealthy; tricky; furtive
    5. sinister plot; dirty trick
      心裡心里  ―  xīnlǐ yǒuguǐ  ―  to have a guilty conscience
    6. devilish; damned; ghastly
      天氣天气  ―  guǐ tiānqì  ―  damned weather
    7. (informal) clever; smart; quick
      孩子得很孩子得很  ―  Zhè háizi guǐ dehěn!  ―  This kid is amazingly smart!
    8. (derogatory) fool; blockhead; guy; moral imbecile
      那個那个  ―  Nàge lǎoguǐ yòu lái le.  ―  That geezer is coming again.
    9. Derogatory name for people with a flaw or vice. -ard
        ―  yānguǐ  ―  heavy smoker
        ―  jiǔguǐ  ―  alcoholic
        ―  lǎnguǐ  ―  lazybones
    10. (intimate) imp; urchin
        ―  xiǎoguǐ  ―  imp
      機靈机灵  ―  jīlíngguǐ  ―  crafty child
    11. (regional, derogatory, usually in compounds) Caucasian or Western person
      [Cantonese]  ―  gwai2 lou2 [Jyutping]  ―  gweilo (derogatory term for a white person)
    12. (Cantonese) traitor; rat; mole
    13. (Cantonese, ball games) opponent trying to steal the ball
    14. (Cantonese, inserted in certain adjectives) so; very
    15. (Cantonese) suspicious
    16. (mildly vulgar) the hell
      什麼233什么233  ―  shénme guǐ 233  ―  what the hell LOL
      記得记得 [Cantonese]  ―  ngo5 dim2 gwai2 gei3 dak1! [Jyutping]  ―  How the hell am I supposed to remember?!
      什麼什么  ―  Nǐ zài gǎo shénme guǐ?  ―  What the hell are you doing?
      [Cantonese]  ―  nei5 gaau2 mat1 gwai2 aa3? [Jyutping]  ―  What the hell are you doing?
    17. (mildly vulgar) who the hell; what the hell
      知道  ―  Guǐ zhīdào!  ―  Devil knows!
      [Cantonese]  ―  jau5 gwai2 jan4 zi1 me1! [Jyutping]  ―  Who the hell knows!
      …… [Cantonese]  ―  gwai2 giu3 nei5...... [Jyutping]  ―  Who the hell told you to... → No one told you to...
      [Cantonese]  ―  jau5 gwai2 jung6 [Jyutping]  ―  has what use (what the hell use it has) → is damn worthless, is of damn-all use

    Synonyms[edit]

    • (ghost):
    • (clever):

    Antonyms[edit]

    • (clever):

    Compounds[edit]

    Descendants[edit]

    Sino-Xenic ():
    • Japanese: () (ki)
    • Korean: 귀(鬼) (gwi)
    • Vietnamese: quỷ ()

    Others:

    References[edit]

    Japanese[edit]

    Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:
    Wikipedia ja

    Kanji[edit]

    (common “Jōyō” kanji)

    Readings[edit]

    Compounds[edit]

    Etymology[edit]

    (oni): two demon-ogres.
    Kanji in this term
    おに
    Grade: S
    kun’yomi

    From Old Japanese.[1]

    Thought to be derived from (on, to hide; hidden from sight).[1][2][3]

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Noun[edit]

    (おに) (oni

    1. ghost
      ()(こく)(おに)
      ikoku no oni
      a ghost of a foreign country
    2. evil spirit, demon, ogre
      • 938, Minamoto no Shitagō, Wamyō Ruijushō, volume 1, page 32:
        [6]
        人神 周易云、人神曰鬼、居偉反、和名於邇、或説云、於邇者、隠音之訛也、鬼物隠而不欲顯形、故以稱也。
        (please add an English translation of this usage example)
    3. (figurative) someone of remarkable or diabolical energy or ability, a demon
      (かの)(じょ)()(ごと)(おに)だ。
      Kanojo wa shigoto no oni da.
      She is a demon for work.
    4. "it" in a game of tag/hide and seek (鬼ごっこ onigokko, "pretend spirits")

    Synonyms[edit]

    References[edit]

    1. 1.0 1.1 1988, 国語大辞典(新装版) (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
    2. ^ Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 [Daijisen] (in Japanese), First edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
    3. 3.0 3.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006) 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
    4. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998) NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN
    5. ^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997) 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
    6. ^ Minamoto, Shitagō; Kyōto Daigaku Bungakubu Kokugogaku Kokubungaku Kenkyūshitu (931–938) Shohon Shūsei Wamyō Ruijushō: Honbunhen (in Japanese), Kyōto: Rinsen, published 1968, →ISBN.

    Korean[edit]

    Etymology[edit]

    From Middle Chinese (MC kjw+jX). Recorded as Middle Korean 귀〯 (kwǔy) (Yale: kwǔy) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

    Pronunciation[edit]

    • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [kɥi(ː)] ~ [ky(ː)]
    • Phonetic hangul: [(ː)]
      • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

    Hanja[edit]

    Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

    Wikisource

    (eumhun 귀신 (gwisin gwi))

    1. Hanja form? of (ghost; spirit).

    Compounds[edit]

    References[edit]

    • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [4]

    Vietnamese[edit]

    Han character[edit]

    : Hán Việt readings: quỷ
    : Nôm readings: khuỷu, quẽ, quỉ, sưu

    1. chữ Hán form of quỷ (any generic ugly, mischievous or evil spirit).