悿

悿 U+60BF, 悿 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-60BF ← 悾 [U+60BE] CJK Unified Ideographs 惀 → [U+60C0]

Translingual

Han character

悿 (Kangxi radical 61, 心+8, 11 strokes, cangjie input 心竹大心 (PHKP), four-corner 9203₃, composition ⿰忄忝)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 389, character 22
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 10747
• Dae Jaweon: page 723, character 8
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2313, character 1
• Unihan data for U+60BF

Chinese

simp. and trad.		悿

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): tiǎn (tian³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄊㄧㄢˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): tim²
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): thiám

  (Hailu, HRS): tiam^ˊ

• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): thiám

  (Teochew, Peng'im): tiam²

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: tiǎn
    • Zhuyin: ㄊㄧㄢˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: tiǎn
    • Wade–Giles: tʻien³
    • Yale: tyǎn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tean
    • Palladius: тянь (tjanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰi̯ɛn²¹⁴/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: tim²
    • Yale: tím
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tim²
    • Guangdong Romanization: tim²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰiːm³⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: thiám
    • Hakka Romanization System: tiam^ˋ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: tiam³
    • Sinological IPA: /tʰi̯am³¹/
  • (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
    • Hakka Romanization System: tiam^ˊ
    • Sinological IPA: /tʰiam²⁴/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese, Singapore)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thiám
    • Tâi-lô: thiám
    • Phofsit Daibuun: tiarm
    • IPA (Singapore): /tʰiam⁴²/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /tʰiam⁵⁵⁴/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei): /tʰiam⁵³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /tʰiam⁴¹/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: tiam²
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: thiám
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰiam⁵²/

---

• Middle Chinese: themX

Rime
Character	悿
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	透 (6)
Final (韻)	添 (157)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	IV
Fanqie	他玷切
Baxter	themX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/tʰemX/
Pan Wuyun	/tʰemX/
Shao Rongfen	/tʰɛmX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/tʰɛmX/
Li Rong	/tʰemX/
Wang Li	/tʰiemX/
Bernard Karlgren	/tʰiemX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	tiǎn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	tim2

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*tʰiːmʔ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	悿
Reading #	1/1
No.	12383
Phonetic component	天
Rime group	侵
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	忝
Old Chinese	/*tʰiːmʔ/

Definitions

悿

1. ^‡ weak
2. (Hokkien, Teochew) serious; severe; intense

   alt. forms: 忝 (tiǎn), 謟／𰵽 (tāo)

3. (Hokkien, Teochew, of cooking) thorough; long (time)

   alt. forms: 忝 (tiǎn)

4. (Hakka, Hokkien, Haifeng Min) tired

   alt. forms: 忝 (tiǎn), 累, 痶

   • 行這呢久　是不是感覺有淡薄仔累 [Taiwanese Hokkien, trad.]
     行这呢久　是不是感觉有淡薄仔累 [Taiwanese Hokkien, simp.]

     From: 1992, 林強 (Lim Giong) and 侯孝賢 (Hou Hsiao-hsien), 無聲的所在

     kiâⁿ chiah-nī kú, sī m̄-sī kám-kak ū tām-po̍h-á thiám [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]

     After going this far, don't you feel a little tired?

   • 順姐！近來人真悿，一入眠就夢見我阿爹阿娘和小弟 [Taiwanese Hokkien, trad.]
     顺姐！近来人真悿，一入眠就梦见我阿爹阿娘和小弟 [Taiwanese Hokkien, simp.]

     From: 李秀 [Louise Lee Hsiu], 《井月澎湖》 [Penghu Moon in the Well] [1]

     Sūn ché! Kīn-lâi lâng chin thiám, chi̍t ji̍p-bîn tō bāng-kìⁿ góa a-tia a-niâ kah sió-tī [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]

     Sister Shan, recently I have been very tired. I have often dreamed about my parents and my brothers

5. (Teochew, Singapore Hokkien) many; much

   alt. forms: 忝 (tiǎn)

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 累 (“tired”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		疲倦, 疲乏, 疲累, 疲憊, 疲勞
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	累, 乏
	Taiwan	累
	Malaysia	累
	Singapore	累
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	累, 乏
Central Plains Mandarin	Wanrong	乏
	Xi'an	乏, 累
Lanyin Mandarin	Ürümqi	乏
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	累
	Wuhan	累
Jianghuai Mandarin	Yangzhou	累, 痿
	Hefei	累
Cantonese	Guangzhou	攰
	Hong Kong	攰
	Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou)	攰
	Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou)	攰
	Hong Kong (Ting Kok)	攰
	Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)	攰
	Macau	攰
	Guangzhou (Panyu)	攰
	Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)	攰
	Guangzhou (Conghua)	疚
	Guangzhou (Zengcheng)	攰
	Foshan	攰
	Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)	疚
	Foshan (Shunde)	攰
	Foshan (Sanshui)	疚攰
	Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming)	疚攰
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	疓
	Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou)	疓
	Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka)	疚, 攰
	Zhuhai (Doumen)	疚, 攰
	Jiangmen (Baisha)	疚
	Jiangmen (Xinhui)	疚
	Taishan	疚, 攰, 疓
	Kaiping (Chikan)	疚, 攰
	Enping (Niujiang)	疚, 攰
	Heshan (Yayao)	疚算
	Dongguan	攰
	Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)	攰
	Qingyuan	攰
	Fogang	攰
	Yingde (Hanguang)	攰
	Yangshan	攰
	Lianshan (Butian)	累
	Lianzhou (Qingshui Sihui)	攰
	Shaoguan	攰
	Shaoguan (Qujiang)	攰
	Renhua	攰
	Lechang	攰
	Zhaoqing (Gaoyao)	攰
	Sihui	攰
	Guangning	攰
	Deqing	攰
	Huaiji	攰
	Fengkai (Nanfeng)	疓, 攰
	Yunfu	攰
	Xinxing	疓
	Luoding	攰
	Yunan (Pingtai)	攰
	Yangjiang	攰, 疓
	Xinyi	攰
	Lianjiang	攰
	Nanning	攰
	Wuzhou	攰
	Yulin	攰, 累
	Hepu (Lianzhou)	攰
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	攰
	Singapore (Guangfu)	攰
Gan	Nanchang	累
Hakka	Meixian	𤸁, 渴
	Xingning	𤸁
	Huidong (Daling)	𤸁
	Dongguan (Qingxi)	𤸁
	Shenzhen (Shatoujiao)	𤸁
	Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui)	𤸁
	Heyuan (Bendihua)	𤸁
	Wengyuan	𤸁
	Shaoguan (Qujiang)	𤸁
	Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang)	𤸁
	Liannan	𤸁
	Jiexi	渴
	Luhe	悿 Hetian, 渴 Xintian
	Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan)	悿
	Changting	累
	Wuping	𤸁
	Wuping (Yanqian)	𤸁
	Wuping (Pingyu)	𤸁
	Liancheng	𤸁
	Ninghua	累
	Ningdu	累
	Ruijin	𤸁
	Shangyou (Shexi)	𤸁
	Tonggu (Sandu)	累
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	𤸁, 悿
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	𤸁, 悿
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	悿
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	悿, 𤸁
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	悿
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	悿
	Hong Kong	𤸁
	Xinyi (Sihe)	𤸁
	Xinyi (Qianpai)	𤸁
	Gaozhou (Xindong)	𤸁
	Lianjiang (Shijiao)	𤸁
	Lianjiang (Qingping)	𤸁
	Mengshan (Xihe)	𤸁
	Luchuan	𤸁
	Senai (Huiyang)	𤸁
	Kuching (Hepo)	𤺪
	Sungai Tapang, Batu Kawa (Hepo)	渴
	Singkawang	渴
Huizhou	Jixi	吃力
Jin	Taiyuan	乏, 累
	Xinzhou	累
Northern Min	Jian'ou	累, 軟
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	弱
Southern Min	Xiamen	𤺪, 厭
	Quanzhou	𤺪, 厭
	Zhangzhou	𤺪, 厭
	Zhao'an	厭, 悿
	Taipei	悿
	Taipei (Wanhua)	悿, 𤺪
	New Taipei (Tamsui)	悿, 𤺪
	New Taipei (Sanxia)	悿
	New Taipei (Pingxi)	悿, 𤺪
	Kaohsiung	悿
	Kaohsiung (Cijin)	悿, 𤺪
	Kaohsiung (Hongmaogang, Siaogang)	悿
	Kaohsiung (Dalinpu, Siaogang)	悿, 𤺪
	Kaohsiung (Tianliao)	悿
	Yilan	悿, 懶
	Yilan (Toucheng)	悿, 𤺪
	Changhua (Lukang)	悿
	Taichung	𤺪
	Taichung (Wuqi)	悿
	Tainan	悿, 𤺪
	Tainan (Anping)	悿, 𤺪
	Taitung	悿
	Hsinchu	悿, 𤺪
	Kinmen	悿
	Penghu (Magong)	悿, 𤺪
	Penghu (Xiyu)	悿, 𤺪
	Penang (Hokkien)	𤺪
	Singapore (Hokkien)	𤺪
	Manila (Hokkien)	𤺪
	Chaozhou	乏, 累
	Shantou	乏, 𤺪
	Shantou (Chenghai)	乏
	Jieyang	乏
	Haifeng	悿
	Bangkok (Teochew)	乏
	Johor Bahru (Teochew)	乏
	Singapore (Teochew)	𤺪, 累, 乏
	Leizhou	乏
	Wenchang	乏
	Haikou	乏
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	瞓
Wu	Shanghai	吃力, 衰瘏
	Suzhou	吃力
	Hangzhou (Yuhang)	吃力
	Ningbo	着力, 吃力 rare
	Wenzhou	㾯, 吃力
Xiang	Changsha	傫
	Shuangfeng	鶴累

Compounds

• 悿𢣎
• 悿頭／悿头