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See also:
U+6163, 慣
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6163

[U+6162]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+6164]

Translingual

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Han character

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(Kangxi radical 61, +11, 14 strokes, cangjie input 心田十金 (PWJC), four-corner 97086, composition )

Descendants

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 399, character 13
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 11111
  • Dae Jaweon: page 739, character 1
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2349, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+6163

Chinese

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trad.
simp.

Glyph origin

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Phono-semantic compound (形聲形声, OC *kroːns) : semantic (heart) + phonetic (OC *koːn, *koːns) – habit is what one does by heart.

Pronunciation

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Note:
  • gáing - vernacular (“accustomed”);
  • guáng - literary.
Note:
  • koàn - literary;
  • kòaiⁿ/kùiⁿ - vernacular.
Note:
  • guang3 - Shantou;
  • guêng3 - Chaozhou;
  • guin3 - dialectal usage (in 慣性).

  • Dialectal data
Variety Location
Mandarin Beijing /kuan⁵¹/
Harbin /kaun⁵³/
Tianjin /kuan⁵³/
Jinan /kuã²¹/
Qingdao /kuã⁴²/
Zhengzhou /kuan³¹²/
Xi'an /kuã⁴⁴/
Xining /kuã²¹³/
Yinchuan /kuan¹³/
Lanzhou /kuɛ̃n¹³/
Ürümqi /kuan²¹³/
Wuhan /kuan³⁵/
Chengdu /kuan¹³/
Guiyang /kuan²¹³/
Kunming /kuã̠²¹²/
Nanjing /kuaŋ⁴⁴/
Hefei /kʊ̃⁵³/
Jin Taiyuan /kuæ̃⁴⁵/
Pingyao /kuɑŋ³⁵/
Hohhot /kuæ̃⁵⁵/
Wu Shanghai /kue³⁵/
Suzhou /kue̞⁵¹³/
Hangzhou /kuõ⁴⁴⁵/
Wenzhou /ka⁴²/
Hui Shexian /kuɛ³²⁴/
Tunxi /kuːə⁴²/
Xiang Changsha /kuan⁵⁵/
Xiangtan /kuan⁵⁵/
Gan Nanchang /kuan⁴⁵/
Hakka Meixian /kuan⁵³/
Taoyuan /kuɑn⁵⁵/
Cantonese Guangzhou /kwan³³/
Nanning /kʷɛn³³/
Hong Kong /kwan³³/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /kuan²¹/
/kuãi²¹/
/kuĩ²¹/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /kuɑŋ²¹²/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /kuiŋ³³/
Shantou (Teochew) /kuaŋ²¹³/
/kũi²¹³/
Haikou (Hainanese) /kuaŋ³⁵/

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (28)
Final () (70)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division () II
Fanqie
Baxter kwaenH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/kˠuanH/
Pan
Wuyun
/kʷᵚanH/
Shao
Rongfen
/kuɐnH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/kwaɨnH/
Li
Rong
/kuanH/
Wang
Li
/kwanH/
Bernard
Karlgren
/kwanH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
guàn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
gwaan3
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
guàn
Middle
Chinese
‹ kwænH ›
Old
Chinese
/*kˁro[n]-s/
English accustomed to

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 4471
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
3
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*kroːns/
Notes

Definitions

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  1. to be accustomed to; to be used to
  2. to spoil; to overindulge
  3. (literary, or in compounds) habit; custom
  4. (literary, or in compounds) habitually; usually

Synonyms

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  • (to be accustomed to):
  • (to spoil):
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  • (habitually):
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Compounds

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Japanese

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Kanji

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(Fifth grade kyōiku kanji)

Readings

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Etymology

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Kanji in this term
かん
Grade: 5
kan'on

From Middle Chinese (MC kwaenH).

Pronunciation

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Affix

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(かん) (kanくわん (kwan)?

  1. used to; accustomed; custom; habit

Compounds

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Korean

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Etymology

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From Middle Chinese (MC kwaenH).

Hanja

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(eumhun 버릇 (beoreut gwan))

  1. hanja form? of (custom; habit)

Compounds

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References

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  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [1]

Vietnamese

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Han character

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: Hán Nôm readings: quen, quán

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.