θυρεός

Ancient Greek

FWOTD – 26 December 2015

Etymology

θῠ́ρᾱ (thŭ́rā) +‎ -εος (-eos).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /tʰy.re.ós/ → /θy.reˈos/ → /θi.reˈos/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /tʰy.re.ós/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /tʰy.reˈos/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /θy.reˈos/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /θy.reˈos/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /θi.reˈos/

Noun

θῠρεός • (thŭreós) m (genitive θῠρεοῦ); second declension

1. a stone put against a door to keep it shut, a door-stone
2. a wide oblong shield (like a door), opp. to ἀσπίς (aspís, “the round shield”) (as Lat. scūtum to clipeus)
3. disk forming part of καθετήρ (kathetḗr)
4. (mathematics) oval

Inflection

Second declension of ὁ θῠρεός; τοῦ θῠρεοῦ (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ θῠρεός ho thŭreós	τὼ θῠρεώ tṑ thŭreṓ	οἱ θῠρεοί hoi thŭreoí
Genitive	τοῦ θῠρεοῦ toû thŭreoû	τοῖν θῠρεοῖν toîn thŭreoîn	τῶν θῠρεῶν tôn thŭreôn
Dative	τῷ θῠρεῷ tōî thŭreōî	τοῖν θῠρεοῖν toîn thŭreoîn	τοῖς θῠρεοῖς toîs thŭreoîs
Accusative	τὸν θῠρεόν tòn thŭreón	τὼ θῠρεώ tṑ thŭreṓ	τοὺς θῠρεούς toùs thŭreoús
Vocative	θῠρεέ thŭreé	θῠρεώ thŭreṓ	θῠρεοί thŭreoí
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Descendants

• → Aramaic: תָָּרִיס (torīs), תְּרִיס (tərīs), תְּרִיסָא (tərīsā, “shield”)
• → Coptic: ⲑⲩⲣⲱⲛ (thurōn)
• → French: thyroïde
  • → English: thyroid
• Greek: θυρεός (thyreós, “coat of arms”)
• → Hebrew: תְּרִיס (tris, “shutter”)
• → Arabic: تُرْس (turs, “shield”)
  • → Ottoman Turkish: ترس (türs, “shield”)
  • → Persian: ترس (tors, “shield”)

References

• “θυρεός”, in Liddell & Scott (1940), A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “θυρεός”, in Liddell & Scott (1889), An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “θυρεός”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891), A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• “θυρεός” in Bailly, Anatole (1935), Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• θυρεός in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924), A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• G2375 in Strong, James (1979), Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
• θυρεός, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] Dictionaries for Ancient Greek and Latin (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, since 2011

Greek

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /θi.ɾeˈos/

Noun

θυρεός • (thyreós) m (plural θυρεοί)

1. (heraldry) coat of arms, escutcheon

Declension

Declension of θυρεός

	singular	plural
nominative	θυρεός (thyreós)	θυρεοί (thyreoí)
genitive	θυρεού (thyreoú)	θυρεών (thyreón)
accusative	θυρεό (thyreó)	θυρεούς (thyreoús)
vocative	θυρεέ (thyreé)	θυρεοί (thyreoí)

Further reading

• Θυρεός της Αυστρίας on the Greek Wikipedia.Wikipedia ^el (for example)
• θυρεός, in Λεξικό της κοινής νεοελληνικής [Dictionary of Standard Modern Greek], Triantafyllidis Foundation, 1998 at the Centre for the Greek language