лапа

See also: Appendix:Variations of "lapa"

Budukh

Etymology

Akin to Lezgi лепе (lepe). ultimately from Persian لبه.

Noun

лапа • (lapa)

1. a wave

Bulgarian

Меча лапа

Etymology 1

Etymology tree

Proto-Slavic *lapa

Russian ла́па (lápa)bor.?

Bulgarian лапа

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *lapa, possibly borrowed from Russian (omitted in Gerov's dictionary).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈɫapɐ]

• Audio (Standard Bulgarian, l-vocalization):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -apɐ
• Syllabification^(key): ла‧па

Noun

ла́па • (lápa) f (diminutive ла́пичка)

1. paw (lower end of animal's limbs)

   попа́дам в ла́пите ― popádam v lápite ― to fall under control (literally, “to fall into the paws [of someone]”)

   изтръ́гвам ня́кого от ла́пите ― iztrắgvam njákogo ot lápite ― to emancipate someone from [someone else's] control/hold (literally, “to wrest someone from [someone else's] paws”)

2. (figurative, colloquial) rough, big human's hand

Declension

Declension of ла́па

	singular	plural
indefinite	ла́па lápa	ла́пи lápi
definite	ла́пата lápata	ла́пите lápite

Derived terms

• ла́пица (lápica, “animal's lower limb”)
• ла́пест (lápest), ла́пав (lápav, “with large paws”)

Related terms

• лапа́вец (lapávec, “type of flat sweetwater fish”) (dialectal, regional)

References

• Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1986), “ла́па”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 3 (крес¹ – мѝнго¹), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, page 309
• “лапа”, in БЕРОН (Български езикови ресурси онлайн) [BERON (Bulgarian Language Resources Online)] (in Bulgarian), Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2024
• “ла́па”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
• “ла́па”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish لاپا (lapa).

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish [Term?] (“lapa”). Cognate with Greek λαπᾶς (lapᾶs), dialectal Albanian lapë, Romanian lapă, Aromanian lapa with similar meanings.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ɫɐˈpa]
• Rhymes: -pa
• Syllabification^(key): ла‧па

Noun

лапа́ • (lapá) f

1. (dialectal, dated, chiefly in the plural) old-fashioned cataplasm (usually made of flour or barn mixed with water)

   Synonym: лече́бна ка́ша (lečébna káša)

Declension

Declension of лапа́

	singular	plural
indefinite	лапа́ lapá	лапи́ lapí
definite	лапа́та lapáta	лапи́те lapíte

References

• Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1986), “лапа́¹”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 3 (крес¹ – мѝнго¹), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, page 309
• Nayden Gerov (1899), “*лапа́”, in Рѣчникъ на Блъгарскꙑй язꙑкъ. Съ тлъкувание рѣчи-тꙑ на Блъгарскꙑ и на Русскꙑ. [Dictionary of the Bulgarian language] (in Bulgarian), volume 3, Plovdiv: Дружествена печꙗтница "Съгласие.", page 5
• “лапа́”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
• “лапи́”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010

Etymology 3

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *xlapa

with colloquial elision of initial #x-, cognate with Polish chlapa. Perhaps related to Lithuanian šlãpias (“wet”), šlãpė (“damp place or land”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ɫɐˈpa]
• Rhymes: -pa
• Syllabification^(key): ла‧па

Noun

лапа́ • (lapá) f

1. (obsolete) sleet, slush (mixture of rain, snow, and/or hail)

   Synonyms: ки́ша (kíša), сугра́шица (sugrášica), мо́кър сняг (mókăr snjag)

Declension

Declension of лапа́

	singular	plural
indefinite	лапа́ lapá	лапи́ lapí
definite	лапа́та lapáta	лапи́те lapíte

Derived terms

• лапа́вина (lapávina, “melted snow, slush”) (dialectal)
• лапа́вица (lapávica, “bad weather with sleet”) (dialectal)

References

• Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1986), “лапа́²”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 3 (крес¹ – мѝнго¹), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, page 309

Etymology 4

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈɫapɐ]

• Audio (Standard Bulgarian, l-vocalization):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -apɐ
• Syllabification^(key): ла‧па

Verb

ла́па • (lápa)

1. third-person singular present indicative of ла́пам (lápam)

References

• “лапа (2)”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010

Further reading

• “лапа”, in Infolex Bulgarian Dictionary (in Bulgarian), Institute for Bulgarian Language, 2014
• “лапа”, in ЛексИт [LexIt] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014

Anagrams

• пала (pala)

Macedonian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈɫapa]
• Rhymes: -apa

Etymology 1

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *olpati.

Verb

лапа • (lapa) third-singular present, impf (perfective лапне)

1. (transitive) to eat gluttonously, gobble
2. (transitive) to place in one's mouth
3. (transitive) to make out with

Conjugation

Conjugation of лапа (imperfective, present in -а)

l-participles	imperfect	aorist	non-finite forms
masculine	лапал (lapal)	—	adjectival participle	лапан (lapan)
feminine	лапала (lapala)	—	adverbial participle	лапајќи (lapajḱi)
neuter	лапало (lapalo)	—	verbal noun	лапање (lapanje)
plural	лапале (lapale)	—	perfect participle	лапано (lapano)
finite forms	present	imperfect	aorist	imperative
1st singular	лапам (lapam)	лапав (lapav)	—	—
2nd singular	лапаш (lapaš)	лапаше (lapaše)	—	лапај (lapaj)
3rd singular	лапа (lapa)	лапаше (lapaše)	—	—
1st plural	лапаме (lapame)	лапавме (lapavme)	—	—
2nd plural	лапате (lapate)	лапавте (lapavte)	—	лапајте (lapajte)
3rd plural	лапаат (lapaat)	лапаа (lapaa)	—	—
compound tenses
perfect	сум лапал (sum lapal)		present of сум (except in the 3rd person) + imperfect l-participle
има-perfect	имам лапано (imam lapano)		present of има + perfect participle
pluperfect	бев лапал (bev lapal)		imperfect of сум + imperfect l-participle
има-pluperfect	имав лапано (imav lapano)		imperfect of има + perfect participle
има-perfect reported	сум имал лапано (sum imal lapano)		perfect of има + perfect participle
future	ќе лапам (ḱe lapam)		ќе + present
има-future	ќе имам лапано (ḱe imam lapano)		future of има + perfect participle
future in the past	ќе лапав (ḱe lapav)		ќе + imperfect
има-future in the past	ќе имав лапано (ḱe imav lapano)		future in the past of има + perfect participle
future reported	ќе сум лапал (ḱe sum lapal)		ќе + imperfect l-participle
има-future reported	ќе сум имал лапано (ḱe sum imal lapano)		future reported of има + perfect participle
conditional	би лапал (bi lapal)		би + imperfect l-participle
има-conditional	би имал лапано (bi imal lapano)		conditional of има + perfect participle

Etymology 2

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *lapa. Cognate with Russian ла́па (lápa), Polish łapa.

Noun

лапа • (lapa) f

1. paw

Etymology 3

Possibly from Ottoman Turkish [Term?]. Cognate with Turkish lapa, Greek λαπάς (lapás).

Noun

лапа • (lapa) f

1. a type of dish made with rice and poppy

Russian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *lapa, according to Vasmer, cognate with Proto-Germanic *lōfô (“the palm or hollow of the hand”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈɫapə]

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

ла́па • (lápa) f inan (genitive ла́пы, nominative plural ла́пы, genitive plural лап, diminutive ла́пка or ла́почка or лапу́лька or ла́понька or ла́пунька or лапу́нька, augmentative ла́пища or лапи́ща or ла́пина or лапи́на, hypocorism лапу́ля or лапу́ня or лапу́ша, pejorative лапчо́нка or лапёшка, expressive term лапе́шник)

1. paw
   • 1925, Сергей Есенин [Sergei Yesenin], Собаке Качалова; English translation from Peter Tempest, transl., To Kachalov's Dog, Moscow: Progress Publishers, 1982:

     Дай, Джим, на сча́стье ла́пу мне,
     Таку́ю ла́пу не вида́л я сро́ду.
     Дава́й с тобо́й пола́ем при луне́
     На ти́хую, бесшу́мную пого́ду.
     Дай, Джим, на сча́стье ла́пу мне.

     Daj, Džim, na sčástʹje lápu mne,
     Takúju lápu ne vidál ja sródu.
     Daváj s tobój polájem pri luné
     Na tíxuju, besšúmnuju pogódu.
     Daj, Džim, na sčástʹje lápu mne.

     Соmе, Jim, give mе your paw for luck,
     I swear I've neveг seen one like it.
     Let's go, the two of us, and bark
     Up at the mооn when Nature's silent.
     Соmе, Jim, give me your paw fог luck.

2. (colloquial) human's hand or foot

Declension

Declension of ла́па (inan fem-form hard-stem accent-a) 

	singular	plural
nominative	ла́па lápa	ла́пы lápy
genitive	ла́пы lápy	ла́п láp
dative	ла́пе lápe	ла́пам lápam
accusative	ла́пу lápu	ла́пы lápy
instrumental	ла́пой, ла́пою lápoj, lápoju	ла́пами lápami
prepositional	ла́пе lápe	ла́пах lápax

Derived terms

• ла́пать impf (lápatʹ)
• ла́пистый (lápistyj), разла́пистый (razlápistyj)
• ла́пка f (lápka)
• ла́пник m (lápnik)
• ла́почка (lápočka), лапу́ля (lapúlja), лапу́ня (lapúnja), лапу́ша (lapúša), лапу́нька (lapúnʹka), лапу́лька (lapúlʹka), ла́пушка (lápuška)
• лапча́тка f (lapčátka)
• ла́пчатый (lápčatyj)

Compound words:

• лапови́дный (lapovídnyj)
• лапообра́зный (lapoobráznyj)

Compounds:

• дать на ла́пу pf (datʹ na lápu), дава́ть на ла́пу impf (davátʹ na lápu)
• запусти́ть ла́пу pf (zapustítʹ lápu), запуска́ть ла́пу impf (zapuskátʹ lápu)
• мохна́тая ла́па f (moxnátaja lápa)
• соса́ть ла́пу impf (sosátʹ lápu)

Related terms

• ? облапо́шить pf (oblapóšitʹ), облапо́шивать impf (oblapóšivatʹ)

Other:

• лопу́х m inan or m anim (lopúx)

Descendants

• → Ingrian: laappa

References

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “лапа”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Chernykh, P. Ja. (1999), “лапа”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volume 1 (а – пантомима), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 466
• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1987), “*lapa”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 14 (*labati – *lěteplъjь), Moscow: Nauka, page 26
• Shansky, N. M., Zhuravlyov, A. F., editors (1999), “лапа”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), number 9 (Л), Moscow: Moscow University Press, →ISBN , page 27
• Krylov, G. A. (2004), “лапа”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Saint Petersburg: Victory, →ISBN
• Tsyhanenko, H. P. (1989), “лапа”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 2nd edition, Kyiv: Radjanska shkola, →ISBN, page 207
• Shaposhnikov, A. K. (2010), “лапа”, in Этимологический словарь современного русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Contemporary Russian Language] (in Russian), volumes 1: (А – Начальство), Moscow: Flinta; Nauka, →ISBN, page 459

Further reading

• Dal, Vladimir (1880–1882), “лапа”, in Толковый Словарь живаго великорускаго языка [Explanatory Dictionary of the Living Great Russian Language] (in Russian), 2nd edition, Publication of the bookseller-typographer Wolf, M. O.

Ukrainian

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *lapa, according to Vasmer, cognate with Proto-Germanic *lōfô (“the palm or hollow of the hand”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈɫapɐ]

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

ла́па • (lápa) f inan (genitive ла́пи, nominative plural ла́пи, genitive plural лап, diminutive ла́пка or ла́почка)

1. paw

Declension

Declension of ла́па
(inan hard fem-form accent-a)

	singular	plural
nominative	ла́па lápa	ла́пи lápy
genitive	ла́пи lápy	лап lap
dative	ла́пі lápi	ла́пам lápam
accusative	ла́пу lápu	ла́пи lápy
instrumental	ла́пою lápoju	ла́пами lápamy
locative	ла́пі lápi	ла́пах lápax
vocative	ла́по lápo	ла́пи lápy