استاد

See also: إستاد‎ and أستاذ‎

Persian

Alternative forms

• استاذ‎ (ostâz) (archaic)
• اوستاد‎ (ōstâd)
• استا‎ (ostâ) (informal)
• اوستا‎ (ustâ) (informal)
• اوسا‎ (ussâ) (informal)
• اوس‎ (us) (informal)

Etymology

From earlier اوستاد‎ (ôstâd), from Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (ʾwstʾt'), 𐫀𐫇𐫏𐫘𐫤𐫀𐫅‎ (ʾwystʾd /awestād/, “master, craftsman”), from Proto-Iranian *Hawastātas (compare Avestan 𐬀𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬯𐬙𐬁𐬙𐬀‎ (auuastāta), Kurdish hoste, oste, wista, wusta, وەستا‎ (westa), Mazanderani استات‎ (estât), استا‎ (estâ), اسا‎ (essâ)), verbal noun of Proto-Iranian *HawastaHyáti (compare Old Persian 𐎠𐎺𐎠𐎿𐎫𐎠𐎹𐎶 (a-v-a-s-t-a-y-m /avāstāyam/), Avestan 𐬀𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬯𐬙𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬀‎ (auuastaiia)), from *Hawa- +‎ *staHyáti, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *staHyáti, from Proto-Indo-European *stoh₂éyeti (“to cause to stand”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʔʊsˈtɒːd/
• (Iranian Persian) IPA^(key): /ʔosˈtɒːd/

Adjective

استاد • (ostâd) (comparative استادتر‎, superlative استادترین‎)

1. skilled

Noun

Dari Persian	استاد
Iranian Persian	استاد
Tajiki Persian	устод (ustod)

استاد • (ostâd) (plural استادان‎ (ostâdân) or استادها‎ (ostâd-hâ) or اساتید‎ (asâtid))

1. craftsman
2. master
3. expert
4. tutor
5. professor
6. ustad

Derived terms

• استادی‎ (ostâdi)
• استادانه‎ (ostâdâne)
• استادکار‎ (ostâdkâr), استاکار‎ (ostâkâr)
• استادیار‎ (ostâdyâr)
• استادتمام‎ (ostâdtamâm)

Descendants

• Arabic: أُسْتَاذ‎ (ʾustāḏ)
  • Malay: ustaz
• Assamese: ওস্তাদ (üstad), ওস্তাদী (üstadi)
• Azerbaijani: usta, ustad
• Bashkir: оҫта (oθta), остаз (ostaz)
• Bengali: ওস্তাদ (ostad), ওস্তাদি (ostadi)
• Georgian: ოსტატი (osṭaṭi)
• Hindustani:
  • Hindi: उस्ताद (ustād)
  • Urdu: استاد‎ (ustād)
    • English: ustad
• Punjabi: ਉਸਤਾਦ (ustād)
• Mandaic: ࡀࡎࡕࡀࡃ‎ (astad)
• Ottoman Turkish: استاد‎ (üstâd)
  • Turkish: üstad, üstat, usta
  • Middle Armenian: ուսթայ (ustʿay), ուսթա (ustʿa), ուստայ (ustay)
    • Armenian: ուստա (usta)

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Urdu

Etymology

From Persian استاد‎ (ostâd, “master”), from Middle Persian ʾwstʾt' (awestād, “master, craftsman”), from Old Persian [Term?].

Noun

استاد • (ustād) m (Hindi spelling उस्ताद)

1. professor
2. teacher
3. tutor
4. expert
5. master
6. instructor, mentor, pedagogue, preceptor