ضم

See also: صم

Arabic

Etymology 1

Form I verb from the root ض م م (ḍ m m).

Verb

ضَمَّ • (ḍamma) I (non-past يَضُمُّ (yaḍummu), verbal noun ضَمّ (ḍamm))

1. to gather, hoard, join, bring near
2. to incorporate, to annex
3. to concentrate, centralize
4. to gird
5. to compress the lips
6. to mark or pronounce with damma

Conjugation

Conjugation of ضَمَّ (I, geminate, a ~ u, full passive, verbal noun ضَمّ)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر						ضَمّ ḍamm
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل						ضَامّ ḍāmm
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول						مَضْمُوم maḍmūm
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	ضَمَمْتُ ḍamamtu	ضَمَمْتَ ḍamamta	ضَمَّ ḍamma		ضَمَمْتُمَا ḍamamtumā	ضَمَّا ḍammā		ضَمَمْنَا ḍamamnā	ضَمَمْتُمْ ḍamamtum	ضَمُّوا ḍammū
	f		ضَمَمْتِ ḍamamti	ضَمَّتْ ḍammat			ضَمَّتَا ḍammatā			ضَمَمْتُنَّ ḍamamtunna	ضَمَمْنَ ḍamamna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أَضُمُّ ʔaḍummu	تَضُمُّ taḍummu	يَضُمُّ yaḍummu		تَضُمَّانِ taḍummāni	يَضُمَّانِ yaḍummāni		نَضُمُّ naḍummu	تَضُمُّونَ taḍummūna	يَضُمُّونَ yaḍummūna
	f		تَضُمِّينَ taḍummīna	تَضُمُّ taḍummu			تَضُمَّانِ taḍummāni			تَضْمُمْنَ taḍmumna	يَضْمُمْنَ yaḍmumna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَضُمَّ ʔaḍumma	تَضُمَّ taḍumma	يَضُمَّ yaḍumma		تَضُمَّا taḍummā	يَضُمَّا yaḍummā		نَضُمَّ naḍumma	تَضُمُّوا taḍummū	يَضُمُّوا yaḍummū
	f		تَضُمِّي taḍummī	تَضُمَّ taḍumma			تَضُمَّا taḍummā			تَضْمُمْنَ taḍmumna	يَضْمُمْنَ yaḍmumna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَضُمَّ, أَضُمِّ, أَضْمُمْ ʔaḍumma, ʔaḍummi, ʔaḍmum	تَضُمَّ, تَضُمِّ, تَضْمُمْ taḍumma, taḍummi, taḍmum	يَضُمَّ, يَضُمِّ, يَضْمُمْ yaḍumma, yaḍummi, yaḍmum		تَضُمَّا taḍummā	يَضُمَّا yaḍummā		نَضُمَّ, نَضُمِّ, نَضْمُمْ naḍumma, naḍummi, naḍmum	تَضُمُّوا taḍummū	يَضُمُّوا yaḍummū
	f		تَضُمِّي taḍummī	تَضُمَّ, تَضُمِّ, تَضْمُمْ taḍumma, taḍummi, taḍmum			تَضُمَّا taḍummā			تَضْمُمْنَ taḍmumna	يَضْمُمْنَ yaḍmumna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		ضُمَّ, ضُمِّ, اُضْمُمْ ḍumma, ḍummi, uḍmum			ضُمَّا ḍummā				ضُمُّوا ḍummū
	f		ضُمِّي ḍummī							اُضْمُمْنَ uḍmumna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	ضُمِمْتُ ḍumimtu	ضُمِمْتَ ḍumimta	ضُمَّ ḍumma		ضُمِمْتُمَا ḍumimtumā	ضُمَّا ḍummā		ضُمِمْنَا ḍumimnā	ضُمِمْتُمْ ḍumimtum	ضُمُّوا ḍummū
	f		ضُمِمْتِ ḍumimti	ضُمَّتْ ḍummat			ضُمَّتَا ḍummatā			ضُمِمْتُنَّ ḍumimtunna	ضُمِمْنَ ḍumimna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُضَمُّ ʔuḍammu	تُضَمُّ tuḍammu	يُضَمُّ yuḍammu		تُضَمَّانِ tuḍammāni	يُضَمَّانِ yuḍammāni		نُضَمُّ nuḍammu	تُضَمُّونَ tuḍammūna	يُضَمُّونَ yuḍammūna
	f		تُضَمِّينَ tuḍammīna	تُضَمُّ tuḍammu			تُضَمَّانِ tuḍammāni			تُضْمَمْنَ tuḍmamna	يُضْمَمْنَ yuḍmamna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُضَمَّ ʔuḍamma	تُضَمَّ tuḍamma	يُضَمَّ yuḍamma		تُضَمَّا tuḍammā	يُضَمَّا yuḍammā		نُضَمَّ nuḍamma	تُضَمُّوا tuḍammū	يُضَمُّوا yuḍammū
	f		تُضَمِّي tuḍammī	تُضَمَّ tuḍamma			تُضَمَّا tuḍammā			تُضْمَمْنَ tuḍmamna	يُضْمَمْنَ yuḍmamna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُضَمَّ, أُضَمِّ, أُضْمَمْ ʔuḍamma, ʔuḍammi, ʔuḍmam	تُضَمَّ, تُضَمِّ, تُضْمَمْ tuḍamma, tuḍammi, tuḍmam	يُضَمَّ, يُضَمِّ, يُضْمَمْ yuḍamma, yuḍammi, yuḍmam		تُضَمَّا tuḍammā	يُضَمَّا yuḍammā		نُضَمَّ, نُضَمِّ, نُضْمَمْ nuḍamma, nuḍammi, nuḍmam	تُضَمُّوا tuḍammū	يُضَمُّوا yuḍammū
	f		تُضَمِّي tuḍammī	تُضَمَّ, تُضَمِّ, تُضْمَمْ tuḍamma, tuḍammi, tuḍmam			تُضَمَّا tuḍammā			تُضْمَمْنَ tuḍmamna	يُضْمَمْنَ yuḍmamna

References

• Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884), “ضم”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary‎^[1], London: W.H. Allen
• Wehr, Hans (1979), “ضم”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN

Etymology 2

Noun

ضَمّ • (ḍamm) m

1. verbal noun of ضَمَّ (ḍamma, “to gather”) (form I)
2. gathering, hoarding, joining
3. incorporation, annexation
4. concentrating, centralizing
5. girding
6. (linguistics) the sound of short /u/, indicated in writing by a damma

Declension

Declension of noun ضَمّ (ḍamm)

singular	basic singular triptote
	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	ضَمّ ḍamm	الضَّمّ aḍ-ḍamm	ضَمّ ḍamm
nominative	ضَمٌّ ḍammun	الضَّمُّ aḍ-ḍammu	ضَمُّ ḍammu
accusative	ضَمًّا ḍamman	الضَّمَّ aḍ-ḍamma	ضَمَّ ḍamma
genitive	ضَمٍّ ḍammin	الضَّمِّ aḍ-ḍammi	ضَمِّ ḍammi

References

• Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884), “ضم”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary‎^[2], London: W.H. Allen

Hijazi Arabic

Root
ض م م
2 terms

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /dˤamm/, [dˤam]

Etymology 1

Inherited from Arabic ضَمَّ (ḍamma).

Verb

ضَمّ • (ḍamm) I (non-past يِضُمّ (yiḍumm))

1. to hug

   Synonym: حَضَن (ḥaḍan)

2. to include, to incorporate, to annex
3. to mark or pronounce with damma

Conjugation

Conjugation of ضم

		singular				plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person		1st person	2nd person	3rd person
past	m	ضمّيت (ḍammēt)	ضمّيت (ḍammēt)	ضمّ (ḍamm)		ضمّينا (ḍammēna)	ضمّيتوا (ḍammētu)	ضمّوا (ḍammu)
	f		ضمّيتي (ḍammēti)	ضمّت (ḍammat)
non-past	m	أضمّ (ʔaḍumm)	تضمّ (tiḍumm)	يضمّ (yiḍumm)		نضمّ (niḍumm)	تضمّوا (tiḍummu)	يضمّوا (yiḍummu)
	f		تضمّي (tiḍummi)	تضمّ (tiḍumm)
imperative	m		ضمّ (ḍumm)				ضمّوا (ḍummu)
	f		ضمّي (ḍummi)

Etymology 2

Inherited from Arabic ضَمّ (ḍamm).

Noun

ضَمّ • (ḍamm) m

1. hugging
2. (linguistics) the sound of short /u/, indicated in writing by a damma

South Levantine Arabic

Root
ض م م
2 terms

Etymology

Inherited from Arabic ضَمَّ (ḍamma).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /dˤamm/, [dˤɑm]

• Audio (al-Lidd):

  (file)

Verb

ضمّ • (ḍamm) I (present بضمّ (biḍomm))

1. to include

Conjugation

Conjugation of ضم

		singular				plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person		1st person	2nd person	3rd person
past	m	ضمّيت (ḍammēt)	ضمّيت (ḍammēt)	ضمّ (ḍamm)		ضمّينا (ḍammēna)	ضمّيتو (ḍammētu)	ضمّو (ḍammu)
	f		ضمّيتي (ḍammēti)	ضمّت (ḍammat)
present	m	بضمّ (baḍomm)	بتضمّ (bitḍomm)	بضمّ (biḍomm)		منضمّ (minḍomm)	بتضمّو (bitḍommu)	بضمّو (biḍommu)
	f		بتضمّي (bitḍommi)	بتضمّ (bitḍomm)
subjunctive	m	اضمّ (aḍomm)	تضمّ (tḍomm)	يضمّ (yḍomm)		نضمّ (nḍomm)	تضمّو (tḍommu)	يضمّو (yḍommu)
	f		تضمّي (tḍommi)	تضمّ (tḍomm)
imperative	m		ضمّ (ḍomm)				ضمّو (ḍommu)
	f		ضمّي (ḍommi)

Urdu

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian ضم (zamm), from Arabic ضَمّ (ḍamm).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /zəm/
• Rhymes: -əm

Noun

ضَم • (zam) m (Hindi spelling ज़म)

1. integrate, merge, incorporate
2. absorption, assimilation
3. conjunction

References

• “ضم”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
• “ضم”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2026.