مثل
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Arabic[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
Root |
---|
م ث ل (m-ṯ-l) |
Compare Hebrew מָשָׁל (mašál, “example”).
Verb[edit]
مَثَلَ • (maṯala) I, non-past يَمْثُلُ (yamṯulu)
- to resemble, to look like
- to imitate, to copy
- to compare, to liken
- to represent, to mean, to signify
- to appear before
- to present oneself
- to stand
- to come forth, to come forward, to enter, to appear
Conjugation[edit]
Conjugation of
مَثَلَ
(form-I sound, verbal noun مُثُول)verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
muṯūl | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
māṯil | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
mamṯūl | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | maṯaltu |
maṯalta |
مَثَلَ maṯala |
maṯaltumā |
maṯalā |
maṯalnā |
maṯaltum |
maṯalū | |||
f | maṯalti |
maṯalat |
maṯalatā |
maṯaltunna |
maṯalna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔamṯulu |
tamṯulu |
yamṯulu |
tamṯulāni |
yamṯulāni |
namṯulu |
tamṯulūna |
yamṯulūna | |||
f | tamṯulīna |
tamṯulu |
tamṯulāni |
tamṯulna |
yamṯulna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔamṯula |
tamṯula |
yamṯula |
tamṯulā |
yamṯulā |
namṯula |
tamṯulū |
yamṯulū | |||
f | tamṯulī |
tamṯula |
tamṯulā |
tamṯulna |
yamṯulna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔamṯul |
tamṯul |
yamṯul |
tamṯulā |
yamṯulā |
namṯul |
tamṯulū |
yamṯulū | |||
f | tamṯulī |
tamṯul |
tamṯulā |
tamṯulna |
yamṯulna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | umṯul |
umṯulā |
umṯulū |
||||||||
f | umṯulī |
umṯulna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | muṯiltu |
muṯilta |
مُثِلَ muṯila |
muṯiltumā |
muṯilā |
muṯilnā |
muṯiltum |
muṯilū | |||
f | muṯilti |
muṯilat |
muṯilatā |
muṯiltunna |
muṯilna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔumṯalu |
tumṯalu |
yumṯalu |
tumṯalāni |
yumṯalāni |
numṯalu |
tumṯalūna |
yumṯalūna | |||
f | tumṯalīna |
tumṯalu |
tumṯalāni |
tumṯalna |
yumṯalna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔumṯala |
tumṯala |
yumṯala |
tumṯalā |
yumṯalā |
numṯala |
tumṯalū |
yumṯalū | |||
f | tumṯalī |
tumṯala |
tumṯalā |
tumṯalna |
yumṯalna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔumṯal |
tumṯal |
yumṯal |
tumṯalā |
yumṯalā |
numṯal |
tumṯalū |
yumṯalū | |||
f | tumṯalī |
tumṯal |
tumṯalā |
tumṯalna |
yumṯalna |
Verb[edit]
مَثَّلَ • (maṯṯala) II, non-past يُمَثِّلُ (yumaṯṯilu)
- to make to resemble, to make to look like
- to make similar, to make analogous
- to assimilate
- to quote as example
- to compare, to liken
- to punish severely, to treat harshly
- to maim, to mutilate
Conjugation[edit]
Conjugation of
مَثَّلَ
(form-II sound)verbal nouns الْمَصَادِر |
tamṯīl or tamṯāl | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
mumaṯṯil | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
mumaṯṯal | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | maṯṯaltu |
maṯṯalta |
مَثَّلَ maṯṯala |
maṯṯaltumā |
maṯṯalā |
maṯṯalnā |
maṯṯaltum |
maṯṯalū | |||
f | maṯṯalti |
maṯṯalat |
maṯṯalatā |
maṯṯaltunna |
maṯṯalna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔumaṯṯilu |
tumaṯṯilu |
yumaṯṯilu |
tumaṯṯilāni |
yumaṯṯilāni |
numaṯṯilu |
tumaṯṯilūna |
yumaṯṯilūna | |||
f | tumaṯṯilīna |
tumaṯṯilu |
tumaṯṯilāni |
tumaṯṯilna |
yumaṯṯilna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔumaṯṯila |
tumaṯṯila |
yumaṯṯila |
tumaṯṯilā |
yumaṯṯilā |
numaṯṯila |
tumaṯṯilū |
yumaṯṯilū | |||
f | tumaṯṯilī |
tumaṯṯila |
tumaṯṯilā |
tumaṯṯilna |
yumaṯṯilna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔumaṯṯil |
tumaṯṯil |
yumaṯṯil |
tumaṯṯilā |
yumaṯṯilā |
numaṯṯil |
tumaṯṯilū |
yumaṯṯilū | |||
f | tumaṯṯilī |
tumaṯṯil |
tumaṯṯilā |
tumaṯṯilna |
yumaṯṯilna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | مَثِّلْ maṯṯil |
maṯṯilā |
maṯṯilū |
||||||||
f | maṯṯilī |
maṯṯilna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | muṯṯiltu |
muṯṯilta |
مُثِّلَ muṯṯila |
muṯṯiltumā |
muṯṯilā |
muṯṯilnā |
muṯṯiltum |
muṯṯilū | |||
f | muṯṯilti |
muṯṯilat |
muṯṯilatā |
muṯṯiltunna |
muṯṯilna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔumaṯṯalu |
tumaṯṯalu |
yumaṯṯalu |
tumaṯṯalāni |
yumaṯṯalāni |
numaṯṯalu |
tumaṯṯalūna |
yumaṯṯalūna | |||
f | tumaṯṯalīna |
tumaṯṯalu |
tumaṯṯalāni |
tumaṯṯalna |
yumaṯṯalna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔumaṯṯala |
tumaṯṯala |
yumaṯṯala |
tumaṯṯalā |
yumaṯṯalā |
numaṯṯala |
tumaṯṯalū |
yumaṯṯalū | |||
f | tumaṯṯalī |
tumaṯṯala |
tumaṯṯalā |
tumaṯṯalna |
yumaṯṯalna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔumaṯṯal |
tumaṯṯal |
yumaṯṯal |
tumaṯṯalā |
yumaṯṯalā |
numaṯṯal |
tumaṯṯalū |
yumaṯṯalū | |||
f | tumaṯṯalī |
tumaṯṯal |
tumaṯṯalā |
tumaṯṯalna |
yumaṯṯalna |
Etymology 2[edit]
Noun[edit]
مِثْل • (miṯl) m (plural أَمْثَال (ʔamṯāl))
- something similar
- رَجُلٌ مِثْلُهُ ― rajulun miṯluhu ― a man like him
- فِي مِثْلِ هٰذِهِ ٱلظُّرُوفِ ― fī miṯli hāḏihi ẓ-ẓurūfi ― under circumstances like these
- جَمِيعُ ٱلْأَطِبَّاءِ مِثْلِكَ / أَمْثَالِكَ ― jamīʕu l-ʔaṭibbāʔi miṯlika / ʔamṯālika ― all doctors like you.
- هُنَاكَ عَشَرَاتٌ مِثْلُهُ / أَمْثَالُهُ. ― hunāka ʕašarātun miṯluhu / ʔamṯāluhu. ― There are dozens like it.
- اِفْعَلْهُ مِثْلَنَا! ― ifʕalhu miṯlanā! ― Do it like us!
- resemblance, similarity, likeness
- image
- equivalent
Usage notes[edit]
- This word is used for the meaning of "like, similar to", but it isn't considered a preposition in Arabic. It's a noun used in apposition and declined according to the noun it follows.
- It can also stand without the noun it describes, especially in accusative where an omitted masdar is often assumed اِفْعَلْهُ (فِعْلًا) مِثْلَنَا ― ifʕalhu (fiʕlan) miṯlanā ― Do it (the way which is) like us.
- The dual and plural forms can be used if following a dual or plural noun, but aren't necessary.
Declension[edit]
Declension of noun مِثْل (miṯl)
Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | مِثْل miṯl |
الْمِثْل al-miṯl |
مِثْل miṯl |
Nominative | مِثْلٌ miṯlun |
الْمِثْلُ al-miṯlu |
مِثْلُ miṯlu |
Accusative | مِثْلًا miṯlan |
الْمِثْلَ al-miṯla |
مِثْلَ miṯla |
Genitive | مِثْلٍ miṯlin |
الْمِثْلِ al-miṯli |
مِثْلِ miṯli |
Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
Informal | مِثْلَيْن miṯlayn |
الْمِثْلَيْن al-miṯlayn |
مِثْلَيْ miṯlay |
Nominative | مِثْلَانِ miṯlāni |
الْمِثْلَانِ al-miṯlāni |
مِثْلَا miṯlā |
Accusative | مِثْلَيْنِ miṯlayni |
الْمِثْلَيْنِ al-miṯlayni |
مِثْلَيْ miṯlay |
Genitive | مِثْلَيْنِ miṯlayni |
الْمِثْلَيْنِ al-miṯlayni |
مِثْلَيْ miṯlay |
Plural | basic broken plural triptote | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | أَمْثَال ʔamṯāl |
الْأَمْثَال al-ʔamṯāl |
أَمْثَال ʔamṯāl |
Nominative | أَمْثَالٌ ʔamṯālun |
الْأَمْثَالُ al-ʔamṯālu |
أَمْثَالُ ʔamṯālu |
Accusative | أَمْثَالًا ʔamṯālan |
الْأَمْثَالَ al-ʔamṯāla |
أَمْثَالَ ʔamṯāla |
Genitive | أَمْثَالٍ ʔamṯālin |
الْأَمْثَالِ al-ʔamṯāli |
أَمْثَالِ ʔamṯāli |
Descendants[edit]
- South Levantine Arabic: متل (mitl)
- → Ottoman Turkish: مثل (misl)
- Turkish: misil
- → Persian: مثل (mesl)
- → Punjabi: ਮਿਸਲ (misal)
- → Swahili: mithili
See also[edit]
Etymology 3[edit]
Root |
---|
م ث ل (m-ṯ-l) |
Cognate with Hebrew מָשָׁל (mashál, “proverb, allegory”).
Noun[edit]
مَثَل • (maṯal) m (plural أَمْثَال (ʔamṯāl))
Declension[edit]
Declension of noun مَثَل (maṯal)
Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | مَثَل maṯal |
الْمَثَل al-maṯal |
مَثَل maṯal |
Nominative | مَثَلٌ maṯalun |
الْمَثَلُ al-maṯalu |
مَثَلُ maṯalu |
Accusative | مَثَلًا maṯalan |
الْمَثَلَ al-maṯala |
مَثَلَ maṯala |
Genitive | مَثَلٍ maṯalin |
الْمَثَلِ al-maṯali |
مَثَلِ maṯali |
Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
Informal | مَثَلَيْن maṯalayn |
الْمَثَلَيْن al-maṯalayn |
مَثَلَيْ maṯalay |
Nominative | مَثَلَانِ maṯalāni |
الْمَثَلَانِ al-maṯalāni |
مَثَلَا maṯalā |
Accusative | مَثَلَيْنِ maṯalayni |
الْمَثَلَيْنِ al-maṯalayni |
مَثَلَيْ maṯalay |
Genitive | مَثَلَيْنِ maṯalayni |
الْمَثَلَيْنِ al-maṯalayni |
مَثَلَيْ maṯalay |
Plural | basic broken plural triptote | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | أَمْثَال ʔamṯāl |
الْأَمْثَال al-ʔamṯāl |
أَمْثَال ʔamṯāl |
Nominative | أَمْثَالٌ ʔamṯālun |
الْأَمْثَالُ al-ʔamṯālu |
أَمْثَالُ ʔamṯālu |
Accusative | أَمْثَالًا ʔamṯālan |
الْأَمْثَالَ al-ʔamṯāla |
أَمْثَالَ ʔamṯāla |
Genitive | أَمْثَالٍ ʔamṯālin |
الْأَمْثَالِ al-ʔamṯāli |
أَمْثَالِ ʔamṯāli |
Derived terms[edit]
- ضَرَبَ مَثَلًا (ḍaraba maṯalan)
Descendants[edit]
Etymology 4[edit]
Noun[edit]
مُثُل • (muṯul) m pl
Noun[edit]
مُثْل • (muṯl) m pl
References[edit]
- Wehr, Hans (1979) “مثل”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN
Pashto[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
Noun[edit]
مثل • (misl) m
- similarity, likeness
- په مثل د
- in the likeness of, (resembling)
- copy
Etymology 2[edit]
Noun[edit]
مثل • (masál) m
Persian[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
(noun)
- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): [misl]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [mesl̥]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [misl]
Readings | |
---|---|
Classical reading? | misl |
Dari reading? | misl |
Iranian reading? | mesl |
Tajik reading? | misl |
(preposition, with ezâfe)
- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): [mis.li]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [mis.li]
Readings | |
---|---|
Classical reading? | misli |
Dari reading? | misli |
Iranian reading? | mesle |
Tajik reading? | misli |
Noun[edit]
Dari | مثل |
---|---|
Iranian Persian | |
Tajik | мисл |
مثل • (mesl)
Preposition[edit]
مثل • (mesl-e)
Dari | مثل |
---|---|
Iranian Persian | |
Tajik | мисли |
- like
- Synonyms: مانند (mânand), نظیر (nazir), (literary) همانند (hamânand)
- مثل تو نیستم.
- mesl-e to nistam.
- I'm not like you.
- چرا میخوای مثل من حرف بزنی؟
- čerâ mi-xây mesl-e man harf be-zani?
- Why do you want to talk like me?
- c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume IV, verse 422:
- کان دلیر آخر مثال شیر بود، نیست مثل شیر در جملهی حدود
- k-ân delir âxer mesl-e šir bud, nist mesl-e šir dar jomle-ye hodud.
- For, after all, the courageous man did resemble the lion, [though] he is not like the lion in all points of the definition.
Etymology 2[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): [ma.sal]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [mæ.sæl̥]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [mä.säl]
Readings | |
---|---|
Classical reading? | masal |
Dari reading? | masal |
Iranian reading? | masal |
Tajik reading? | masal |
Noun[edit]
Dari | مثل |
---|---|
Iranian Persian | |
Tajik | масал |
مثل • (masal)
Related terms[edit]
- ضربالمثل (zarb-ol-masal)
South Levantine Arabic[edit]
Root |
---|
م ث ل |
3 terms |
Etymology[edit]
Learned borrowing from Arabic مَثَّلَ (maṯṯala).
Pronunciation[edit]
Verb[edit]
مثّل • (maṯṯal) II (present بمثّل (bimaṯṯel))
Conjugation[edit]
Conjugation of مثّل (maṯṯal) | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
singular | plural | |||||||
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |||
past | m | مثّلت (maṯṯalt) | مثّلت (maṯṯalt) | مثّل (maṯṯal) | مثّلنا (maṯṯalna) | مثّلتو (maṯṯaltu) | مثّلو (maṯṯalu) | |
f | مثّلتي (maṯṯalti) | مثّلت (maṯṯalat) | ||||||
present | m | بمثّل (bamaṯṯel) | بتمثّل (bitmaṯṯel) | بمثّل (bimaṯṯel) | منمثّل (minmaṯṯel) | بتمثّلو (bitmaṯṯlu) | بمثّلو (bimaṯṯlu) | |
f | بتمثّلي (bitmaṯṯli) | بتمثّل (bitmaṯṯel) | ||||||
subjunctive | m | امثّل (amaṯṯel) | تمثّل (tmaṯṯel) | يمثّل (ymaṯṯel) | نمثّل (nmaṯṯel) | تمثّلو (tmaṯṯlu) | يمثّلو (ymaṯṯlu) | |
f | تمثّلي (tmaṯṯli) | تمثّل (tmaṯṯel) | ||||||
imperative | m | مثّل (maṯṯel) | مثّلو (maṯṯlu) | |||||
f | مثّلي (maṯṯli) |
Categories:
- Arabic terms belonging to the root م ث ل
- Arabic lemmas
- Arabic verbs
- Arabic form-I verbs
- Arabic sound verbs by conjugation
- Arabic sound form-I verbs
- Arabic sound verbs
- Arabic verbs with full passive
- Arabic transitive verbs
- Arabic form-II verbs
- Arabic sound form-II verbs
- Arabic nouns
- Arabic masculine nouns
- Arabic terms with collocations
- Arabic terms with usage examples
- Arabic nouns with basic triptote singular
- Arabic nouns with broken plural
- Arabic nouns with basic triptote broken plural
- Arabic non-lemma forms
- Arabic noun forms
- Arabic masculine and feminine nouns by sense
- Pashto terms borrowed from Arabic
- Pashto terms derived from Arabic
- Pashto terms derived from the Arabic root م ث ل
- Pashto lemmas
- Pashto nouns
- Pashto masculine nouns
- Pashto terms with usage examples
- Persian terms borrowed from Arabic
- Persian terms derived from Arabic
- Persian terms derived from the Arabic root م ث ل
- Persian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Persian lemmas
- Persian nouns
- Persian prepositions
- Persian terms with usage examples
- Persian terms with quotations
- South Levantine Arabic terms belonging to the root م ث ل
- South Levantine Arabic terms borrowed from Arabic
- South Levantine Arabic learned borrowings from Arabic
- South Levantine Arabic terms derived from Arabic
- South Levantine Arabic terms with IPA pronunciation
- South Levantine Arabic terms with audio links
- South Levantine Arabic lemmas
- South Levantine Arabic verbs
- South Levantine Arabic form-II verbs