ਇਹ

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Punjabi

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Etymology

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Inherited from Sanskrit एष (eṣa), nominative of एतद् (etad), from Proto-Indo-European *éy.

Pronunciation

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Pronoun

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ਇਹ (iha) (Shahmukhi spelling ایہہ)

  1. (proximal, in the singular) this, he, she
  2. (proximal, in the plural) these, they

Declension

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Declension of ਇਹ
dir. sg. ਇਹ (iha)
dir. pl. ਇਹ (iha)
singular plural
direct ਇਹ (iha) ਇਹ (iha)
oblique ਇਸ (isa) ਇਹਨਾਂ (ihanā̃)
vocative {{{5}}} {{{6}}}
ablative {{{7}}}
locative {{{9}}} {{{10}}}
instrumental {{{11}}} {{{12}}}

See also

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Punjabi personal pronouns
Person Direct case Ergative Dative Accusative
1st person singular ਮੈਂ (maĩ)میں ਮੈਨੂੰ (mainū̃)مینوں ਮੈਥੋਂ (maithõ)میتھوں
plural ਅਸੀਂ (asī̃)اسیں ਅਸਾਂ (asā̃)اساں ਸਾਨੂੰ (sānū̃)سانوں ਸਾਥੋਂ (sāthõ)ساتھوں
2nd person informal / singular ਤੂੰ (tū̃)توں ਤੈਂ (taĩ)تیں ਤੈਨੂੰ (tainū̃)تینوں ਤੈਥੋਂ (taithõ)تیتھوں
polite / plural ਤੁਸੀਂ (tusī̃)تسیں ਤੁਸਾਂ (tusā̃)تساں ਤੁਹਾਨੂੰ (tuhānū̃)تہانوں ਤੁਹਾਥੋਂ (tuhāthõ)تہاتھوں
3rd person proximal singular ਇਹ (eh)ایہہ ਇਸ (is), ਏਸ (es)ایس
plural ਇਹਨਾਂ (ehnā̃)ایہناں
distal singular ਉਹ (oh)اوہ ਉਸ (us) , ਓਸ (os)اوس
plural ਉਹਨਾਂ (ohnā̃)اوہناں


References

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  • Singh, Bhai Maya (1895) “ਇਹ”, in The Panjabi Dictionary, Lahore: Munshi Gulab Singh and Sons.
  • ਇਹ”, in Punjabi-English Dictionary, Patiala: Punjabi University, 2024