垷

Translingual

Han character

垷 (Kangxi radical 32, 土+7, 10 strokes, cangjie input 土月山山 (GBUU), composition ⿰土見)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 228, character 32
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5089
• Dae Jaweon: page 464, character 39
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 444, character 3
• Unihan data for U+57B7

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Chinese

simp. and trad.		垷

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 垷
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (見) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
涀	*ɡeːlʔ, *kʰeːns, *ɡeːns
莧	*ɡreːns
粯	*ɡreːns
晛	*ŋl'eːns, *ɡeːnʔ
筧	*keːnʔ
絸	*keːnʔ
垷	*keːnʔ, *ɡeːnʔ
挸	*keːnʔ
見	*keːns, *ɡeːns
俔	*kʰeːns, *ɡeːnʔ
蜆	*kʰeːns, *qʰeːnʔ, *ɡeːnʔ
硯	*ŋɡeːn, *ŋɡeːns
峴	*ɡeːnʔ
哯	*ɡeːnʔ
睍	*ɡeːnʔ
現	*ɡeːns

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): xiàn (xian⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄢˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): jin⁶

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: xiàn
    • Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄢˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: siàn
    • Wade–Giles: hsien⁴
    • Yale: syàn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiann
    • Palladius: сянь (sjanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: jin⁶
    • Yale: yihn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: jin⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: yin⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jiːn²²/

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• Middle Chinese: kenX, henX

Rime
Character	垷	垷
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	見 (28)	匣 (33)
Final (韻)	先 (85)	先 (85)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	IV	IV
Fanqie	古典切	胡典切
Baxter	kenX	henX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kenX/	/ɦenX/
Pan Wuyun	/kenX/	/ɦenX/
Shao Rongfen	/kɛnX/	/ɣɛnX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kɛnX/	/ɦɛnX/
Li Rong	/kenX/	/ɣenX/
Wang Li	/kienX/	/ɣienX/
Bernard Karlgren	/kienX/	/ɣienX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	jiǎn	xiàn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gin2	jin6

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*keːnʔ/, /*ɡeːnʔ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	垷	垷
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	6190	6202
Phonetic component	見	見
Rime group	元	元
Rime subdivision	2	2
Corresponding MC rime	繭	峴
Old Chinese	/*keːnʔ/	/*ɡeːnʔ/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 垷

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References

• (Cantonese) Jyutping Database (粵拼資料庫)